Rhizoctonia solani에 의한 스타티스 줄기썩음병

강미형,정동춘,최창학,임회춘,송영주,노태환,이두구,김형무 한국식물병리학회 2009 식물병연구 Vol.15 No.1

Stem rot of perennial statice (Limonium sinuatum) was observed in Unbong, Jeonbuk from 2006 to 2007. Affected plants were randomly distributed in the greenhouses and infection rate was more than 10%. Stem and leaf of statice at soil line were dried and turned brown, initially. As the disease became severe, other stem parts and crowns were turned dark brown and then sunken. The fungal isolates were showed initially white aerial mycelium and turned brown with age. They produced few sclerotia which small, irregularly shaped with pinpoint sized. Mycelia were branched at 90o angles and multinucleate in one cell. The pathogenicity of causal organism was proved according to Koch's postulates. The causal fungus of stem rot was identified as Rhizoctonia solani based on the cultural and morphological characteristics. This is the first report on stem rot of statice by R. solani in Korea. Stem rot of perennial statice (Limonium sinuatum) was observed in Unbong, Jeonbuk from 2006 to 2007. Affected plants were randomly distributed in the greenhouses and infection rate was more than 10%. Stem and leaf of statice at soil line were dried and turned brown, initially. As the disease became severe, other stem parts and crowns were turned dark brown and then sunken. The fungal isolates were showed initially white aerial mycelium and turned brown with age. They produced few sclerotia which small, irregularly shaped with pinpoint sized. Mycelia were branched at 90o angles and multinucleate in one cell. The pathogenicity of causal organism was proved according to Koch's postulates. The causal fungus of stem rot was identified as Rhizoctonia solani based on the cultural and morphological characteristics. This is the first report on stem rot of statice by R. solani in Korea.

농업기술 - 벼 줄무늬잎마름병 매개충 애멸구의 간편 진단기술 개발

강미형,Gang, Mi-Hyeong 전국농업기술자협회 2010 농업기술회보 Vol.47 No.3

Z정형 명세어를 이용한 클래스 스키마의 유도 및 프로토타이밍

강미형,조영석 동국대학교 경주대학 1999 東國論集 Vol.18 No.-

Software development cost and efforts can be considerably reduced if errors are detected and corrected in the early stages of software development life-cycle. For this purpose, formal languages are frequently recommended in specifying requirements. Object-oriented paradigm is considered as an effective means to build easily manageable software. Therefore, scientists and software engineers have made constant efforts in order to model object classes using Z. Notations and grammar of Z are usually extended to overcome the limitations of traditional Z resulting reduced chances to be applied in the real world programming. In this paper, our focus has made to derive class schemata from the traditional Z without programming. In this paper, our focus has made to derive class schemata from the traditional Z without an extension. Especially, three operators in Z, hiding operator, quantification operator, and projection operator were mainly applied to specify object classes. Fundamental characteristics of object-oriented paradigm are described using class schemata. In oder to prove object classes be successfully derived from class schemata, a prototype was built that converts a class schema into the object-oriented model. Lex and YACC are used for lexical and syntactic analyses, respectively. Further research would be conducted to resolve the automated type and access level assignments. Less important, but still essential, elements of C++ language must also be considered to be described by Z.

일반가정과 시설기관 유아의 기질과 사회적 능력 비교 연구

강미형,문혁준 카톨릭대학교생활과학연구소 2003 생활과학연구논집 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the relationships between temperament and social competence of two groups of children. One subject group was 377 children from intact families, and the other subject group was 112 children from intact families. Both groups of children, living in Seoul and in the suburbs of seoul area, are from three to five years old. The results were as follows: First, there were significant differences in adaptability, reactivity, and emotionality between the children from intact families and the children from the child welfare institutions. Second, there were significant differences in initiation, ability, and sociability between the children from intact families and the children from the child welfare institutions. Third, there were significant relationships between temperament and social competence of the children from intact families and the children from child welfare institutions.

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lagenariae에 의한 박 시들음병(萎凋病)

姜美亨,宋完燁,金炯武,李光植 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1995 農大論文集 Vol.26 No.1

Acute wilting of bottle gourd have occurred recently in watermelon growing areas in Korea. 963 fungal isolates were collected from the bottle gourd seeds, infected watermelon seedlings and grafted bottle gourd stocks. Among them 279 isolates (28%) were identified as Fusarium oxysporum. 9 isolates among 27 ones from bottle gourd seeds, 87 isolates among 246 ones from infected bottle gourd seedlings, 42 isolates among 258 ones from infected watermelon seedlings and 141 isolates among 432 ones from infected grafted rootstocks were identified to be F.oxysporum. F. oxysporum isolated from wilted bottle gourd was identified to be Fusarium oxysporum. f. sp. lagenariae on the basis of morphological characteristics of spores and conidio-phores and of pathogenicity. Infected bottle gourd plants by root-dipping inoculation appeared the acute wilting after 5 days and browning, wilting and then collapsing after 14 days. This pathogen also infected bottle gourd, Sintosa, Donga and Andong cucumber except for watemelon and Haneultari.

벼 종자에서 Acidovorax avenae subsp.avenae 검정을 위한 선택배지

강미형,송완엽,김형무 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2000 農大論文集 Vol.31 No.1

A semi-selective agar medium (YTA) was developed for the detection of a bacterial brown stripe pathogen, Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenge (Aaa), from rice seeds. The new medium YTA contained yeast extract 9.0 g, tween 80 10.0 mℓ, CaCl2 · H2O 0.6 g, FeSO4 · 7H20 100.0 mg, victoria blue B 40.0 mg, bromthymol blue 15.0 mg, 5-flurouracil 62.5 mg and agar 15.0 g per litter. Colonies of Aaa were 2 - 3 mm in diameter, smooth, round, convex and blue after 4-5 days after incubation at 28℃ ,Aaa strains formed blue colonies with lipid-hydrolysis zone on YTA media containing tween 80, Victoria blue B and bromthymol blue. The blue color with lipid hydrolysis zone was characteristic for the bacterial brown stripe pathogen and used to differentiate colonies of Aaa from those of other bacteria on YTA medium. Addition of 5-flurouracil reduced other bacterial populations on YTA medium. The mean recovery of 8 strains of Aaa on the YTA medium was 96.5 percent in comparison to YDC medium. The other bacteria from rice seed lots on YTA medium was reduced to 70.8 percent of that on YDC medium. We concluded that this agar plating using YTA medium is a simple method of assaying large numbers of rice seed extracts for f. avenae subsp. Avenae

신간척지 새만금 토양에서 분리한 미생물의 동정 및 이용성 검정

강미형 ( Mi Hyung Kang ),노태환 ( Tae Whan Noh ),심형권 ( Hyeong Kwon Shim ),최만영 ( Man Young Choi ),이휘종 ( Hwi Jong Lee ),김형무 ( Hyung Moo Kim ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2014 농업생명과학연구 Vol.45 No.2

새로이 조성되어 농업용지로 활용될 새만금 간척지에서 토양 미생물을 분리, 동정하고 이들의 농업적 활용을 위하여 주요 식물병원균에 대한 길항력을 검정하였다. 염생식물 근권 및 체내에서 각각 82균주 및 93개 균주가 분리되었으며 주로 퉁퉁마디 근권에서 분리되었다. 분리된 균주중 총 108개의 균주가 주요 벼 병원균에 대해서 길항력을 보였다. 키다리병에는 81 균주, 잎집무늬마름병 25, 붉은곰팡이병 92, 흰잎마름병 82, 세균벼알마름병 80균주등이 길항력을 나타내었다. 이들 균주 중 길항력이 우수한 28균주를 동정해본 결과 대부분 Bacillus 속으로 나타났다. Soil microbes were isolated and identified in newly constructed reclaimed land, ‘Saemangum’ and characteristics of isolates were also examined for agricultural use. 82 and 93 isolates from rhizosphere and endophyte of native plant were collected from new reclaimed land soil. Most isolates were selected from glass wort plants and only few strains could be archived from other salt plant such as sea-blite and spergularia marina griseb. 103 isolates were appeared antibiotics ability against major pathogens include bakanae 81isolates, scab 92 isolates, bacterial leaf blight 80 isolates, sheath blight 25 isolates and grain rot 80 isolates. Among those isolates, 28 isolates which were shown strong antibiotic ability, were selected and identified Bacillus sp. by using 16S rDNA sequence and fatty acid analyze.

친환경자재를 이용한 안개초와 스타티스의 흰가루병 방제

강미형 ( Mi Hyung Kang ),정동춘 ( Dong Chun Cheong ),최창학 ( Chang Hak Choi ),임회춘 ( Hoi Chun Lim ),송영주 ( Young Ju Song ),김형무 ( Hyung Moo Kim ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2012 농업생명과학연구 Vol.43 No.2

전북 운봉 준고냉지지역에서 주로 재배되는 안개초와 스타티스에 발생하는 흰가루병을 방제하기 위하여 친환경자재인 중탄산수소나트륨, 난황유, 미생물제재, 전착제등을 7일 간격으로 3회 골고루 살포하고 최종약제 살포 후 7, 14일째 병진전을 조사하고 방제가를 확인하였다. 안개초 흰 가루병은 중탄산나트륨과 계면활성제(tween #20)의 혼용처리가 가장 효과가 좋았으며 89.2% 방제되었다. 계면활성제, 난황유도 80% 이상 방제되어 효과가 확인되었으나 미생물 제재의 효과는 높지 않았다. 스타티스 흰가루병 역시 중탄산수소나트륨과 계면활성제의 혼합처리가 가장 효율적으로 방제되었다. 안개초와 스타티스 흰가루병 방제를 위해 사용된 약제 모두 약해는 발생하지 않았다. Powdery mildew of gypsophila and statice caused by Oidium sp. is the most serious disease for cut-flower quality in subalphine area, Jeonbuk. This study was carried out to control powdery mildew of gypsophila and statice by biocompatible products. The effects of Sodium bicarbonate, polyoxyethylene sorbitanmonolaurate (tween #20), cooking oil with egg yolk, milk, biofungicides, and surfactant were investigated on Gypsophila paniculata cv. ‘bristol fairy’ and statice (Limonium hybrida cv. ‘ocean blue’) to compare with fenarimol (WP). Among these tested materials, the mixture of sodium bicarbonate with tween #20 was the most effective suppressed powdery mildew on gypsophila and statice. Each application of tween 20 and cooking oil with egg yolk also effectively control powdery mildew on gypsophila and statice. The biofungicides were less effective than fenarimol in gypsophila. These tested chemicals did not cause any toxic effects or residual problems in leaves and stem. It is indicated that a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and tween 20, and cooking oil with egg yolk treatment is a suitable substitutes to control powdery mildew of gypsophila and statice.

전북 준고냉지 재배 화종의 병해 발생 상황

강미형 ( Mi Hyung Kang ),정동춘 ( Dong Chun Cheong ),최창학 ( Chang Hak Choi ),김형무 ( Hyung Moo Kim ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2009 농업생명과학연구 Vol.40 No.2

준고냉지 화종 병해의 정밀조사와 시기별 발생상황을 파악하고자 수행한 결과, 안개초 병해는 정식 초기인 4~5월 시들음병, 6월 이후 역병 발생이 급증하고, 7월 이후 줄기썩음병과 흰가루병이 발생되었다. 안개초의 묘령별 역병 발생은 9월 하순, 신주에서의 발생은 14.6%(2005), 26.0%(2006)였으나, 월동주는 21.3%(2005), 31.8%(2006)로 월동주의 발생률이 신주 정식 포장에서보다 높게 나타냈다. 재배연수에 따른 역병의 발생은 3년 이하 재배 포장에서 3.8%가 발병되었으나, 7년 이상 재배 포장에서 30%이상이 발병되어 재배연수가 증가할수록 발생률이 높아졌다. 스타티스는 탄저병, 잿빛곰팡이병 및 기주 미기록 병해인 포기썩음병, 역병, 점무늬병, 검은무늬병이 발생되었으며, 스타티스 월동주를 이용한 포장에서의 발병률이 신주정식한 포장보다 높은 경향이었고, 재배연수에 따른 포기썩음병의 발생은 3년이하 재배 포장에서 12.6%였으며, 7년 이상 재배 포장에서는 16.5%로 재배연수가 증가하면서 병 발생률도 증가 되었다. This study was carried out to identify the pathogens and determine the seasonal occurrence of major diseases of cut flowers growing in subalphine regions in Unbong, Jeonbuk in 2005 and 2006. Disease including phytophthora root rot, stem rot, fusarium wilt and powdery mildew occurred in Gypsophila paniculata. In G. paniculata, fusarium wilt has occurred from late April to May and phytophthora root rot was begun from early June in 2006 and increased until harvesting the flowers, especially rapidly after rainfall during June to August. Statice diseases were anthracnose, gray mold, phytophthora root rot, stem rot and alternaria leaf spot. In phytophthora root rot and stem rot of G. paniculata and statice, the rate of disease incidence was higher the overwintered field than in the newly-planted field, and the rate increased significantly with the increase of the successive cropping system.

최근 벼 흰잎마름병의 레이스 분포양상 및 저항성 유전자원 검정을 위한 혼합 균주

강미형 ( Mi Hyung Kang ),노태환 ( Tae Whan Noh ),이봉춘 ( Bong Choon Lee ),김상민 ( Sang Min Kim ),김형무 ( Hyung Moo Kim ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2015 농업생명과학연구 Vol.46 No.2

Bacterial leaf blight(BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae(Xoo) is a major disease in Rice production. Even though the cultivation of resistant varieties to BLB has been considered one of the ways to control that disease, the problem of this strategy is that resistance can be broken because of new pathogen races being emerged against resistant varieties. Therefore, it is necessary to establish countermeasures to prevent breakdown of rice genetic resistance. Investigations on the distribution and discrimination of race and the first date of BLB incidence in rice fields were conducted as well as representative combinations of mixed-strains were selected for various resistant test to be used on IRBB germplasm for resistance to BLB. The first symptom of BLB spreading rapidly was founded on mid July in Jeonnam province and on early August in Jeonbuk province except for Buan where BLB observed on late July. The occurrence area was 2,345ha in 2012, 5,253 ha in 2013, and 11,677 ha in 2014, showing increasing in incidence over the year. K3 race was dominant from 2012 to 2014 and also showed increased dominance rate from 59.2% to 83.3% in 2012 and 2014, respectively. Most tested strains could infect IR24 and Milyang 23, but no strains could infect IRBB5 and IRBB7 known as resistant variety. Combination 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, and 9 showed strong infectivity on many genetic resources. IRBB 5 and IRBB 7 showed moderate resistance to Combination 12 and IRBB 5 and IRBB 21 showed moderate resistance to Combination 6 and 10.