대눌(大訥) 노상익(盧相益)의 애국운동

강대민(Kang, Dae-Min) 경성대학교 인문과학연구소 2012 인문학논총 Vol.28 No.-

현재의 우리들에게 유림(儒林), 즉 선비들이란 급변하는 시대의 흐름에 편입되지 못하고 이미 퇴색되어버린 보수적 가치관을 지닌 구시대적인 집단으로 인식되고 있는 것이 사실이다. 그러나 이러한 인식의 이면에는 일제강점기와 새로운 국가의 건설과정에서 살아남기 위하여 체제에 알맞게 변형된 집단들이 스스로의 필요에 의해 보수로 자처하자 유림집단은 사회이념을 재편성하는 스펙트럼 속에서 제대로 자리잡지 못하고 결국 튕겨져 나가버린 당대 지식인들의 슬픈 자학의 감정이 내포되어 있다. 어쩌면 그들은 올바르게 빛을 투영해내지 못하는 일그러진 스펙트럼의 틀을 스스로 벗어남으로써 세간의 혼탁함을 피하고 스스로 유가(儒家)의 순수성을 지키려 했던 것인지도 모른다. 이에 본고에서는 강우지방(江右地方)의 대표적인 유림으로 한말~일제강점기의 시기에 그 정체성을 잃지 않고 망국의 신하로서, 당대의 지식인으로서 올곧게 행동하였던 대눌(大訥) 노상익(盧相益)의 생애와 그의 항일정신에 대하여 살펴봄으로써 앞서 언급한 유림(儒林)의 시대인식에 대한 잘못된 통념들을 바로잡아보고자 한다. 이를 위하여 우선 대눌의 학문적 근원인 강우지방(江右地方) 유림(儒林)의 면면을 살펴보고 망국의 지식계층으로서 왕조의 멸망과 일본의 강제병합에 대항했던 유림(儒林)집단의 행동들을 분석해 볼 것이다. 이러한 과정을 통하여 강우지역 성재(性齊) 허전(許傳)의 학맥을 계승하였던 대눌(大訥)의 사상적 근원을 분석하고 이것이 그의 전 생애를 통하여 어떻게 투영되고 나타났는지를 알아보고자 한다. It is true that the Confucian scholars, i.e. classical scholars are regarded as old group with conservative value who failed to incorporate themselves into the rapid changing flow of the time. It is partly because of the Confucian scholar group made their own choice as they failed to settle in a social and ideological spectrum when some transformed argued their conservatism according to the need of the time to survive during the Japanese occupation period and during the construction of a new country. Rather, it may be safe to say that they intended to keep their purity by escaping from the corrupt frame in the process of reconstructing of wrong ideologies from its beginning. Accordingly, this study would like to examine the life and anti-Japanese movement of Daenul Noh Sang Ik who was the representative scholar in Kang-wu-ji-bang(江右地方), endeavored to keep identity as a subordinate of the fallen country during the late Joseon and the Japanese occupation and also as an intellect of the time in order to correct wrong concepts toward the aforesaid Confucian scholars. For this, it firstly examined the figures of Confucian scholars in Kang-Wu-ji-bang, the academic source of Daenul, and also investigated the behavior of Confucian group who resisted the destruction of a dynasty and the coercive merger by Japan. As such, it analyzed ideological origin of Daenul who succeeded Seongje((性齊)) Heo Jeon((許傳)) in Kang-wu-ji-bang, and examined how it was reflected in his whole life.

도시직업인(都市職業人)의 취미(趣味), 오락(娛樂) 및 휴일활용(休日活用)에 관(關)한 태도조사(態度調査)

강대민,Kang, Dae-Min 대한예방의학회 1974 예방의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Attitude on hobby, recreation and practical use of holiday among group of employees comprised of 400 primary, middle, high school teachers, bankers and public servants who serviced in Kwang ju city area, was studied during the period of two months from April to May 1974. The results obtained were concluded as follows; 1 Age distribution: $29{\sim}33$ age group came first with 26% while last with 0.3%. Average was 31.5. 2. Sex distribution: Male 94.0%, female 35.3% and noteworthy was the fact that in primary school female occupied 74.0%. 3. Hobby and recreation or entertainments: Cinema 24.0%; badook 24.5%; athletics 18.5%; Chinese chess 13.5%. Among primary school teachers cinema came first 37.0%, while among the administrative officials badook came first with 34.0%. 4. How they spent the previous Saturday afternoon; 25.0% of subjects helped household affairs, this rate reached 35.0% among primary school teachers. Sunday: 19.0% helped household affairs and again primary school teachers ranked top. During the vacation of last year, 52.1% of total subjects traveled and 61.0% of bank employees traveled.

도시봉급자(都市俸給者)의 끽연(喫煙) 및 음주(飮酒)에 관(關)한 태도조사(態度調査)

강대민,Kang, Dae-Min 대한예방의학회 1974 예방의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Attitude on smoking and drinking among group of salary earners comprised of 400 primary, middle, and high school teachers, bankers and public servants who serviced in Kwang ju city area, was studied during the period of a month from may to June 1969. The results obtained were summarized as follows ; 1. 144 persons (36.0%) out of 400 salary eaners were smoking cigarettes, and, in sex, 0.7%(1 out of 137) was shown in female and 54.3%(143 out of 263) was in male. 2. More than half of the smokers(59.0%) smoked 11-20 pieces of cigarettes a day, and 36.8% did less than 10 pieces, 1.4% did 21-30 pieces a day. 3. 175 persons (43.7%) out of 400 total interviewers liked to drink. and in sex 63.8% for male and 2.7% for female. 4. On the quantity of drinking Makkuli (special Korean alcoholic beverage, containing 2-4% alcohol) 114 persons (65.1%) showed less than 5 Hop and 37 persons(21.1%) showed 6-10 Hop, and 10.3% showed 11-20 Hop, and 2.9% liked to drink more than 20 Hop. 1973년(年) 5월(月) 15일(日)부터 동년(同年) 6월(月) 16일(日)까지 약(約) 1개월간(個月間)에 걸쳐 광주시내(光州市內)에 근무(勤務)하고 있는 초(初) 중(中) 고교사(高敎師)와 은행원(銀行員) 및 행정공무원(行政公務員) 등(等) 봉급대상자(俸給對象者) 400명(名)을 조사대상(調査對象)으로 끽연(喫煙) 및 음주(飮酒)에 관(關)한 태도(態度)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果) 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 끽연자(喫煙者)가 144명(名)(36.%), 비끽연자(非喫煙者)는 256명(名)(64.0%)이며 성별(性別) 끽연율(喫煙率)은 여자(女子)가 1명(名)(0.7%)이고 남자(男子)는143명(名)(54.3%)이었다. 2. 끽연자(喫煙者)의 1일(日) 끽연량(喫煙量)은 권연(卷煙) $11{\sim}20$개비를 피우는 자(者)가 59.0%로 과반수(過半數)이었고 10개비 이하(以下)가 36.8%, $21{\sim}30$개비를 피우는 자(者)가 1.4%로 나타났다. 3. 음주자(飮酒者)가 175명(名)(43.7%), 비음주자(非飮酒者)가 225명(名)(56.3%)이었으며 성별(性別)로는 남성(男性)이 63.8%, 여성(女性)이 2.7%였다. 4. 일회(一回) 음주량(飮酒量)은 5합(合) 이하(以下)가 114명(名)(65.1%)으로 과반수(過半數)이었고 $6{\sim}10$합(合) 정도(程度)가 37명(名)(21.1%), $11{\sim}20$합(合) 정도(程度)가 10.3%, 20합이상(合以上) 2.9%이다.

0.5T_m 이하에서의 AZ31 마그네슘합금의 크리이프 변형과 단시간 파단수명예측

강대민,안정오,전성호,구양,심성보,Kang, D.M.,An, J.O.,Jeon, S.H.,Koo, Y.,Sim, S.B. 한국소성가공학회 2008 소성가공 : 한국소성가공학회지 Vol.17 No.8

The initial strain, the applied stress exponent, the activation energy, and rupture time in AZ31 magnesium alloy have been measured in order to predict the deformation mechanism and rupture life of creep over the temperature range of 423-443K. Creep tests were carried out under constant applied stress and temperature, and the lever type tester and automatic temperature controller was used for it, respectively. The experimental results showed that the applied stress exponent was about 9.74, and the activation energy for creep, 113.6KJ/mol was less than that of the self diffusion of Mg alloy including aluminum. From the results, the mechanism for creep deformation seems to be controlled by cross slip at the temperature range of 423-443K. Also the higher the applied stress and temperature, the higher the initial strain. And the rupture time for creep decreased as quadratic function with increasing the initial strain in double logarithmic axis.

1940년 부산학생항일운동의 재조명 - 『매일신보』 기사를 중심으로 -

이상국 ( Lee Sang-gug ),강대민 ( Kang Dae-min ) 부산광역시 시사편찬위원회 2018 항도부산 Vol.35 No.-

본 연구는 1940년 11월 23일에 일어난 부산학생항일운동에 관련된 각종 연구논문과 자료들의 내용이 서로 다른 것에 의문을 갖게 되어 시작하였다. 이것은 당시 항일학생들의 폭행사건에 대하여 관련자들 및 목격자들의 기억이 ‘축소·과장·왜곡·삭제·창조’ 등의 사유로 변경된 탓에 생긴 것들이었다. 그 동안 여러 학자들이 부산의 항일학생 폭행사건을 다각도로 다루었다. 김의환은 사건을 최초로 소개하였고, 강창석은 사건이 발생하게 된 당시의 사회적 여건을 밝혔다. 김석희는 『부산동래고등학교사』를 바탕으로 사건이 일어나게 된 근원적인 전통과 계승된 항일사건들을 알렸으며, 강대민은 매우 다양한 관점에서 사건을 분석하고 평가하였다. 김형목은 민족운동사상과 연계하였고, 김인호는 일본의 기만성과 민족 차별에 대해 사회경제적 관점에서 새로운 해석을 하였다. 이재봉은 일본 작가가 쓴 소설 『1940년 부산』의 허구성을 논리적으로 반박하였다. 그러나 부산학생항일운동에 대한 대부분의 연구들은 부산지역의 한국인 학생들에 대한 ‘용맹스러운’ 투쟁을 강조하는 데에 편향되어 있음을 알게 되었다. 본 연구는 폭력적 항일투쟁의 물리적 성과보다는 부산지역 한국인들에게 깊이 잠재되어 있던 조국독립의 갈망을 일깨워준 정신적 파급성과 측면에서 분석하였다. 부산학생항일운동은 일제의 국방경기대회에서 편파적인 심판 판정에 항거한 한국인 학생들이 군중심리에 편승하여 일으킨 단순하고도 우발적인 폭력사태가 결코 아니다. 그것은 오랜 세월 일제가 자행한 한국인 차별에 대한 깊은 저항심이순식간에 폭발한 것이다. 사건의 가장 큰 성과는 그 이후 부산지역에서 조선청년독립당, 친우회, 순국당, 무궁단 등의 항일투쟁 비밀결사대들의 자생적 결성과 활동이 활발히 전개되어지는 단초가 되었다는 것이다. 본고는 부산학생항일운동에 대한 당시 조선총독부 기관지이며 유일한 국·한문혼용 일간지인 『매일신보』에서 발견한 기사를 중심으로 여러 증언과 기왕의 자료들을 비교·분석하여 객관적인 사실을 재조명하였다. This study began with the question about the discrepancies among various kinds of materials for Busan Anti-Japanese Students' Movement which had been occurred at Busan in 1940. These was caused by 'reduction, overstatement, distortion, deletion and creation’ of the memories of related people, witnesses, and residents on that time about the event. In the meantime, many scholars analyzed Busan Anti-Japanese Students' Movement in multiple angles. E. H. Kim introduced this event for the first time and C. S. Kang revealed the social conditions at the time of the occurrence of the event. Based on the history of Busan Dongrae High School, S. H. Kim studied the fundamental tradition and the successive anti-Japanese events that led to the birth of Busan Anti-Japanese Students' Movement. D. M. Kang analyzed and evaluated the event with various perspective. The researcher H. M. Kim analyzed the event in connection with the ideology of national movement, and I. H. Kim made a new interpretation on the deceitfulness and national discrimination of Japan from the socio-economic point of view. J. B. Lee logically refuted the fictitiousness of a novel written by a Japanese author, 『Busan, 1940』. However, most studies of Busan Anti-Japanese Students' Movement have a biased aspect toward students’ courageous struggle. This study offers in-depth analysis of the psychological ripple effect awakened Busan people's aspiration for independence of the country, rather than the violent struggle of this event. Busan Anti-Japanese Students' Movement was never are not accidental assaults committed by students in a mob psychology. That exploded the deep resentment of discrimination conducted by Japan against Koreans. Under the influence of the event, the organization and activities of secret associations increased in Busan. This study was conducted based solely on objective facts, by comprehensively comparing and analyzing 『Maeil Shinbo』 newspaper articles, testimonies, and also many other materials related to the event.

가열냉각법에 의한 마그네슘합금의 판재성형성 개선(Ⅲ)

강대민(Dae-Min Kang),K.Manabe(Ken-ich Manabe) 한국자동차공학회 2005 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.5_2

Structural componests for aerospace, electronics and automobile industry are the main applications for magneium alloys due to their lightweight and high specific strength. The adoption of magnesium alloys in sheet forming processes is still limited, due to their low formability at room temperature caused by the hexagonal crystal structure. This study aims to confirm improvement and characteristics of formability of a magnesium alloy sheet by using local heating and cooling technique. The deformation behaviour and temperature distribution in cylindrical deep drawing of magnesium alloy(AZ31) at various temperature for the blank and tool(holder and die)and at a punch speed of 10㎜/min, 100㎜/min while the punch was kept at room temperature by cooling water are simulated by F.E.M. and done by experiments.

가열냉각법에 의한 마그네슘 합금의 판재 성형성개선

강대민(Dae-Min Kang) 한국동력기계공학회 2004 한국동력기계공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Magnesium alloys have been paid attention in automotive and industries as lightweight materials, and with these materials it has been attempted at deep drawing process for assessment of formability of sheet metal. In this paper, in order to predict the effect of temperature on the formability of AZ31 magnesium alloy the relationship between punch load and punch stroke, the relationship between thickness strain and distance, are used at the temperature of room temperature, 100℃, 200℃ and 300℃. For warm deep drawing process used by a local heating and cooling technique to improve the formability of AZ31 magnesium alloy, both die and blank holder were heated at warm temperature while the punch was kept at room temperature by cooling water. Warm deep-drawing process with considering heat transfer was simulated by finite element method to investigate the improvement of deep-drawability of Mg alloy sheet. The deformed blank in considering heat transfer was drawn successfully without any localized thinning and the cup height is higher in contrast to results of simulations in considering no heat transfer.

Mg-Zn-Mn-(Ca)합금의 크리이프 활성화에너지와 응력지수

강대민(D. M. Kang),박수찬(S. C. Park),강경일(K. I. Kang) 한국동력기계공학회 2005 한국동력기계공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

In this paper, creep tests of Mg-Zn-Mn and Mg-Zn-Mn-Ca alloy casted by mold under the temperature range of 200-300℃, and the stress range of 2.39-7.96㎏f/㎟ were done with the automatic controlled temperature and computer for data acquisition. The activation energies were obtained by relationship between creep rate and temperature, and the stress exponents were obtained by relationship between creep rate and stress. From the experiment results, the activation energies of Mg-Zn-Mn and Mg-Zn-Mn-Ca alloy were 149.87kJ/㏖, 147.97kJ/㏖, respectively, and the stress exponents of those alloy were 5.13, 5.59, respectively ,under the temperature of 200-220℃ and 6.37-7.96㎏f/㎜2. And the activation energies of those alloy were 134.41kJ/㏖, 129.22kJ/㏖, respectively, and the stress exponent of those alloy were 3.48, 3.77, respectively, under the temperature of 280-300℃ and 2.39-3.98㎏f/㎜2. In addition, the activation energy decreased with increasing applied stress, and stress exponent decreased with increasing temperature. Finally surface fractured was showed grain and dimple behavior by SEM.

소눌(小訥) 노상직(盧相稷)의 현실인식과 애국운동

강대민(Kang-Dae-Min) 경성대학교 인문과학연구소 2015 인문학논총 Vol.37 No.-

최근의 독립운동사 연구에 있어서 민족주의 계열과 사회주의 계열의 인물들에 대해서는 많은 연구논문이 학계에 발표되어 있지만 유림계 인사들의 애국, 독립운동활동에 대해서는 연구가 다소 미비한 것이 사실이다. 그러나 유림계 인사들은 경술국치 이전부터 의병운동 및 애국운동을 통해 일본제국주의의 침략에 항거하였고, 유림계의 이러한 구국활동이 훗날 이어지는 독립운동과 독립운동가들의 사상에 많은 영향을 준 것은 부정 할 수 없는 사실이다. 하지만 광복 이후 이러한 유림계열의 인사나 사회주의 계열의 독립운동가들에 대한 인식은 대한민국이라는 국가의 정통성에 그들이 가졌던 사상과 국가관이 부합하지 않는다는 이유로 홀대받는 경우가 많았다. 이에 본고에서는 영남의 대표적인 유림으로 한말~일제강점기의 시기에 그 정체성을 잃지 않고 망국의 신하로서, 당대의 지식인으로서 소임을 다하고 올곧게 행동하였던 소눌(大訥) 노상직(盧相稷)의 생애와 활동사항에 대하여 살펴봄으로써 애국과 독립의 사이에서 고뇌했던 지식인의 현실인식에 대해 알아보고자 한다. In recent studies on the history of independent movement, although there have been many research theses about the nationalists and socialists that have been presented to the academic world, it is the fact that there not have been enough studies conducted on the patriotic and independent movements of the Confucianists. However, from even before the Japanese annexation of Korea, the Confucianists resisted against the Japanese Imperialism through patriotic movement and volunteer corps movement, and it is an undeniable fact that such national salvation activities had significant influence on the thoughts of the fighters for independence and the independence movement that followed. However, after independence, such Confucianists and the fighters for independence within the socialist group were often neglected for the reason that their thoughts and views on the state did not correspond to the legitimacy of the Republic of Korea. Thus, this article attempts to examine the awareness of the reality of the intellectuals who agonized between patriotism and independence by looking at the life and the activities of Sonool Noh Sang Jik, a representative Confucianst of Yeongnam area, who acted righteously and fulfilled his duties as an intellectual of the time and who did not lose his identity in the time period between the late period of Joseon and the Japanese colonial era as a subject of a ruined nation.

PEO 코팅에 의한 AZ31 마그네슘 합금의 Creep 특성에 관한 연구

강대민(Dae-Min Kang),안정오(Jung-O An) 한국동력기계공학회 2009 한국동력기계공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.11

The apparent activation energy, the applied stress exponent, and rupture life have been measured from creep experiments over the range of 200°C to 220°C and the applied stress range of 64MPa to 94MPa. The materials were used AZ31 magnesium alloys treated by plasma electrolytic oxidation of 10㎛ at surface to investigate the its influence on creep behavior, and creep tests were carried out under constant applied stress and temperature. The experimental results showed that the surface treatment the higher activation energy and stress exponent. According to this study, appropriate rupture time, and .investigate the creep characteristic of AZ31 magnesium alloy by PEO 10pm coating.