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김태경,강남여,Tai Kyung Kim,MD,Nam Yeo Kang,MD 대한안과학회 2010 대한안과학회지 Vol.51 No.12
Purpose: To report the clinical course of refractive accommodative esotropia (AE) and to determine whether the strabismus resolves during the adolescent years in Korean patients. Methods: A total of 32 adolescent patients with AE associated with hyperopia were retrospectively reviewed. Ocular alignments, amblyopia, stereopsis, changes in refractive error with time after glasses prescribed, and clinical characteristics were studied. Results: The mean age and follow-up were 14.9 and 10.1 years, respectively at the final visit. The Initial and final refractive errors were 5.16 and 2.52 diopters (D), respectively. Spectacles were initiated at a mean age of 4.7 years, and intentional undercorrection initiated from a mean age of 6.3 years. Hyperopic reduction after prescribing glasses followed the formula: Diopter (D) = 5.23 - 0.02 (Time) - 0.03 (Time)**2. Initially,16 out of 32 patients (50%) showed fully corrected hyperopia, and eventually, 71.9% wore partially corrected spectacles. The mean change of hyperopia per year was 0.26 D. Six out of 32 patients (18.8%) were successfully discontinued from hyperopic spectacles and the mean age of weaning was 14.7 years. Intentional initial undercorrection did not affect hyperopic reduction (p = 0.123). Conclusions: AE persists through adolescence for a majority of Korean patients. These patients need to be carefully monitored during follow-up periods because most do not outgrow their hyperopia and need to using spectacles. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2010;51(12):1630-1638
이재형,강남여,Jae Hyung Lee,MD,Nam Yeo Kang,MD 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.2
Purpose: To investigate how the constancy of intermittent exotropia affects postoperative motor and sensory outcomes. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 44 patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT group) and 16 patients with constant exotropia with a previous history of intermittent exotropia (CXT group). All patients were followed up for more than 1 year postoperatively. Successful postoperative motor alignment was defined as within 8 prism diopters of exo- or esotropia at 6 meters and 33 centimeters. Successful sensory outcome (bifixation) was considered as stereoacuity ≤60 seconds of arc. The influence of constancy, age at surgery, duration of strabismus, preoperative gross stereopsis, preoperative distant deviation, and preoperative distant fusion to surgical outcomes were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: Mean age at surgery and follow-up periods was 9.34 years and 37.8 months in the IXT group, and 10.19 years and 45.7 months in the CXT group. Successful motor alignment rates of the IXT and CXT groups were 65.9% and 48.3%, respectively. Postoperative bifixation rates of the IXT and CXT groups were 70.5% and 12.5%, respectively. The IXT group showed significantly better successful sensory outcome (p = 0.000), but no significant difference in motor outcome (p = 0.121). Constancy and preoperative distant fusion were associated with post-operative bifixation in univariate regression analysis (p = 0.001, 0.025, respectively). However, only the constancy was strongly associated with successful sensory outcome in multivariate regression analysis with an odds ratio of 20.138 (p = 0.008). Conclusions: Surgical correction of intermittent exotropia during the intermittent period showed better sensory outcome than in constant deviation period.
정석원,강남여,Seok Won Jung,M,D,Nam Yeo Kang,M,D 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.2
`Purpose: To report a rare case of nodular fasciitis in the upper eyelid. Case summary: A 42-year-old woman presented with rapid enlarging mass, 15x12 mm in size at left upper eyelid. Orbit CT disclosed an enhanced, well-circumscribed preseptal lid mass. The histopathologic and immunohistochemical analyses after excisional biopsy were consistent with nodular fasciitis. There was no recurrence of the tumor after excision. Conclusions: For rapidly enlarging lid mass, nodular fasciitis should be considered as a differential diagnosis of sarcoma.`
염혜리,강남여,Hae-ri Yum,Nam-Yeo Kang 대한안과학회 2011 대한안과학회지 Vol.52 No.11
Purpose: To report a case of idiopathic orbital inflammation presenting as unilateral acute dacryoadenitis in a child. Case Summary: A nine-year-old boy presented with painful swelling and redness in the right upper eyelid and temporal conjunctiva without systemic symptoms for five days. Acute orbital cellulitis was suspected but did not respond to systemic antibiotics. An orbital computed tomogram and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a diffusely enlarged and inflamed right lacrimal gland. The patient showed dramatic response to systemic corticosteroids, and acute dacryoadenitis due to idiopathic orbital inflammation was diagnosed. Treatment with oral corticosteroids for two months resolved the inflammation. No relapse was observed during four months of follow-up. Conclusions: Although rare, acute dacryoadenitis as a localized nonspecific orbital inflammation should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute orbital cellulitis in pediatric patients. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2011;52(11):1357-1361
윤영채(Young Chae Yoon),강남여(Nam Yeo Kang) 대한안과학회 2021 대한안과학회지 Vol.62 No.12
목적: 흔하지 않은 질환인 간헐내사시의 임상특징과 경과, 수술적 치료 결과를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 2007년부터 2020년까지 간헐내사시로 진단받은 9세부터 42세까지의 환자 23명의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 발병 나이, 사시각, 복시 유무, 융합양상, 입체시, 특징적 증상, 그리고 수술 결과를 분석하였다. 결과: 사시 발생 시 평균 연령은 19.9 ± 8세였고 증상 발생 후 평균 23.4 ± 27.1개월에 내원하였으며, 총 13.0 ± 15.6개월 동안 경과 관찰하였다. 초진 시 3명을 제외한 모든 환자에서 주관적 복시를 호소하였고, 78.3%는 간헐적 복시였다. 평균 내사시각은 원거리 21.6 ± 10.3 prism diopters (PD), 근거리 20.2 ± 10.4 PD였다. 2명(8.7%)을 제외한 모든 환자에서 근시를 보였고, 약시는 없었으며 해리상사위는 1명(4.3%)에서 관찰되었다. 워트4등검사상 근, 원거리 모두에서 복시는 5명(21.7%), 억제는 4명이었고 근거리 혹은 원거리에서 융합이 있었던 환자는 14명(60.9%)이었다. 11명(47.8%)에서 수술을 시행 받았는데, 술 후 최종 내원 시 정위 혹은 4 PD 이내의 사시각으로 호전되었고, 복시의 소실 및 융합을 획득하였다. 6명에서 입체시가 개선되었으나 60초각 이하의 정상 입체시 획득은 2명(18.2%)에서만 발생되었다. 결론: 간헐내사시는 주 증상으로 복시를 호소하며, 술 후 정위를 회복하여도 대부분 정상 이하의 입체시로 호전되었고 60초각 이하의 정상 입체시로의 회복은 드물게 발생되었다. Purpose: To evaluate clinical findings and surgical outcomes of intermittent esotropia. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 23 patients (aged 9-42 years) who presented with intermittent esotropia between January 2007 and December 2020. We analyzed the age at onset, angle of deviation, presence of symptomatic diplopia, fusional state, near stereoacuity, and surgical results. Results: The mean age at onset was 19.9 ± 8.0 years and mean duration of esodeviation was 23.4 ± 27.1 months. Mean follow- up time was 13.0 ± 15.6 months. All patients except three had symptomatic diplopia, and 78.3% showed intermittent diplopia. Mean angles of deviation were 21.6 ± 10.3 prism diopters (PD) at distance and 20.2 ± 10.4 PD at near. Twenty-one patients (91.3%) were myopia. No patients had amblyopia and one had dissociated vertical deviation. On Worth’s four-dot test, five patients (21.7%) showed diplopia and four showed suppression at both distance and near. The other patients showed fusion at near or distance. Eleven patients underwent surgical correction. At the final examination, all patients achieved successful motor alignment and fusion with resolution of diplopia. Only two patients (18.2%) achieved normal 60 arcsec stereopsis, and six attained subnormal stereopsis. Conclusions: The main symptom of intermittent esotropia was diplopia. Surgical treatment was effective in achieving good postoperative motor alignment and fusion. However, successful motor alignment did not guarantee recovery of fine stereopsis.