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저합금강 소결체의 미세조직 및 기계적 특성에 미치는 인(P) 첨가의 영향
김유영,조권구,Kim, Yoo-Young,Cho, Kwon-Koo 한국분말야금학회 2020 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.27 No.1
Phosphorus is an element that plays many important roles in powder metallurgy as an alloy element. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of phosphorus addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of sintered low-alloy steel. The sintered low-alloy steels Fe-0.6%C-3.89%Ni-1.95%Cu-1.40%Mo-xP (x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20%) were manufactured by compacting at 700 MPa, sintering in H<sub>2</sub>-N<sub>2</sub> at 1260 ℃, rapid cooling, and low-temperature tempering in Ar at 160 ℃. The microstructure, pore, density, hardness, and transverse rupture strength (TRS) of the sintered low-alloy steels were evaluated. The hardness increased as the phosphorus content increased, whereas the density and TRS showed maximum values when the content of P was 0.05%. Based on microstructure observation, the phase of the microstructure changed from bainite to martensite as the content of phosphorus is increased. Hence, the most appropriate addition of phosphorus in this study was 0.05%.
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「-的」の連体修飾用法に関する一考察― 「A的ノB」「A的B」「A的ナB」形式を中心に ―
김유영 한국일어일문학회 2010 日語日文學硏究 Vol.73 No.1
「-的」は, 一般の形容動詞とは異なって,「ナ」を伴わずに「A的B」という形式の用法(「語幹」連体用法,e.g.) 庶民的性格, 積極的支持)が成立可能である。本稿は, このような「A的B」という「-的」の「語幹」連体用法を手がかりとして,「A的ノB」と「A的ナB」形式の用法(「ノ」連体・「ナ」連体用法)と比較しながら 各用法における特徴や起源に関して考察を行った。その結果, 明治期における「語幹」連体用法は, 比較的早い時期における「-的」の用法による影響と, 漢語の強い造語力, また, 多義性をもつ「的」自体の曖昧な「意味機能」の影響によって, 使われるようになった。さらに, 明治期に入ってからは, 翻訳の影響も加え, さらに多く使われるようになった。また, 明治期における「ナ」連体用法は, 現代日本語と比べて, その意味範囲は狭かった。しかし,「ナ」連体用法は,主に翻訳語として使われるに際して, 先に発達した既存の「ノ」・「語幹」連体用法が表現し切れなかった「相対形容」に使われ, その使用が拡大したと考えられる。最後に, 明治期における「-的」の連体用法は, 形式上には主に, 三つの用法(ノ・語幹・ナ)に分けられるが, その「意味機能」においては大きく二つの用法(ノ・ナ)に分けられる。そこで, その基準として考えられるのは,主に程度副詞と共起できるか否かである。
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Codon Usage Bias of Human Cytomegalovirus Genes with Different Evolutionary Conservancy
김유영,이찬희 대한미생물학회 2013 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.43 No.4
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a member of beta-herpesvirus and contains a double-stranded genome with longer than 230 Kbp. HCMV infection of human is mostly asymptomatic, but often causes fatal diseases in immunocompromised people. In this study, codon usages of HCMV genes were analyzed and attempted to correlate with evolutionary conservancy. Core genes are the most conserved genes common among herpesvirus family, β-herpes genes are common to β-herpesviruses, and CMV genes are the least conserved found only in CMVs. Core genes had higher codon adaptation index (CAI) and GC content of silent 3rd codon position (GC3s) values and lower effective number of codons (Nc) and Nc/GC3s values than CMV genes. The average length of core genes was statistically longer than CMV genes, and core genes were found to be less varied than CMV genes. β-herpes genes could be placed between core and CMV genes. Higher CAI and GC3s values along with lower Nc and Nc/GC3s values are suggestive of higher codon usage bias and more adaptation to host cells. Thus it is concluded that core genes of HCMV are more biased in codon usage and adapted to host cells compared to CMV genes.
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Mg-6Zn-2Cu 및 Mg-6Zn-1.5Si합금의 미세조직 및 석출거동
김유영,안인섭,남태현,Kim, Yu-Yeong,An, In-Seop,Nam, Tae-Hyeon 한국재료학회 1998 한국재료학회지 Vol.8 No.4
Mg-6Zn-2Cu 및 Mg-6Zn-1.5Si(wt%)합금의 미세조직 및 석출거동을 조사하였다. 합금은 $4 x 10^{-4}$ 의 진공분위기에서 제조하였고 용체화처리는 $435^{\circ}C$에서 8시간 행하였다. Mg-6Zn합금에 1.5wt.%Si를 첨가한 합금에서는 입계 및 입내에 $10\mu\textrm{m}$-2$\mu\textrm{m}$크기의 구형의 $MgZn_{2}$와 $Mg_{2}$Si상이 존재한다. 시효경화거동은 용체화처리된 Mg-6Zn-2Cu 및 Mg-6Zn-1.5Si합금에서 조사되었다. 결정립 미세화에 의한 경도증가효과는 Mg-6Zn-2Cu합금계에서 크게 나타났으나, 시효에 의한 경도증가효과는 Mg-Zn-Si합금계에서 크게 나타났다. 시효처리 후 생성된 석출상들은 투과전자현미경 분석결과 Mg-6Zn-2Cu합금에서는$ Mg_{2}$$Zn_{3}$이었고 Mg-6Zn-1.5Si 합금에서는 $Mg_{2}$$Zn_{11}$ /이었다.
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김유영,김상기,김상국,김보애,최귀향 대한의생명과학회 2006 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.12 No.3
Cigarette smoke causes atypical structure of pulmonary and oxidative damage. Therefore, we carried out to determine if exposure to cigarette smoke alters pulmonary structure and anti-oxidant related enzyme in a animal model, when natural product extracts using by Nebulizer. The rat were divided into four groups: H2O-treated (Control), natural product (Camellia sinensis) extracts-treated (CS), natural product extracts-treated with cigarette smoke-exposed (CS+SM) and cigarette smoke-expose (SM). All groups are similar to Control group in weight, but SM group is lower than the other groups. Microscopic image of the pulmonary structure in SM group showed deleterious alterations in the morphology, but the other groups are maintained in normal structure. In anti-oxidant related enzymes, SOD (superoxide dismutase) and catalase, SM group represents the lowest enzyme activity among all groups. But G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) and LPO (lipid peroxidation) is SM group represents the highest enzyme activity among all groups. These result indicate that the natural product extracts is an efficient tissue protective substance against smoke-induced lung injury.
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