Ye의 thou代替에 관한 사회언어학적 고찰

신남철 한국강원영어영문학회 1989 영어영문학 Vol.- No.8

The question why Middle English thou was substituted by you in Modern English has not been convincingly clarified. Yet, it is said that there are evidences for 'reverential - ye" in Middle English. This study intends to show how the mysterious disappearance of thou can be better explained in sociolinguistic perspective. Middle English, spoken by the lower class people, was in a state of continuous flux by being mixed with neighboring languages, while Norman French was the language of the nobility. "Reverential - ye" is supposed to have been borrowed from Norman French usage, but there are counter - evidences against its regular usage even in Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, and in Everyman, a century later. Some parts of Marlow's and some others' texts also suggest a suspicion that the 'solidarity - thou" argument is rather shallow rooted These facts converge on nothing less than that the thou- ye difference was probably a dramatic device irregularly adopted by some artists. Since Middle English could not be free of Norman French influence, including the du-vous differentiation of the latter, it can be said that the common people in the medieval Anglo-Saxon society must have been unsusceptible to such honorific device, though advocated by some. The condition that produced this indifference may reasonably have come from multiple social conventions and thoughts that were prevalent in that era. The relevant factors can be concluded to have been unconsciousness of or distance between social classes, preacher - congregation relation, nationalism and egalitarianism. Together with linguistic (phonological) confusion, the medieval religious life seems to have played the primary role. Thus sociolinguistics can help solve linguistic enigmas.

B형 간염 표면 항원과 항체 양성률에 관한 조사 : 모 대학 신입생들을 대상으로

신남철,배성태,김선미,오세경,윤도경,조경환,홍명호,이창홍 대한가정의학회 1999 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.20 No.6

오존 처리가 자돈 성장에 미치는 영향

신남철,김형호,김장호 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2001 硏究報告 Vol.24 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of O₃ treatment on daily gain, feed efficiency, mortality and economic analysis in growing pigs. A total of 120 crossed pigs [(Landrace x Large White) x Duroc)] initially averaging 9.65 ±0.15kg body weight were used in this experiment for 58 days. The two treatment were non- O₃(Control treatment) and O₃ treatment, Each treatment had four replicates with fifteen pigs per replicated. There were no significant differences in ADG, although O₃ treatments(0.67kg) tended to have higher ADG than control treatment(0.63kg). A feed efficiency was not affected by the treatments. The mortality rate and disease rate and were lower in the treatment than in the non- O₃ treatment, but each treatment was no significant difference(P< 0.05). The income was higher in the O₃ treatment than in the non- O₃ treatment. In conclusion, the results of the experiments that O₃ treatment could be a beneficial feeding condition for mowing pigs in environmental aspects.

工團地域의 排出가스 (亞黃酸)가 農作物 收量 및 稙物體內 硫黃含量에 미치는 影響

申南澈,林警澤 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1996 硏究報告 Vol.19 No.2

This study was undertaken to investigate the crop yield of pear and rice cultivated around Industrial complex, the content in their leaves, and the crop loss. The correlation between them is as follows: 1) The sulfur content in pear and rice leaves in studied area is higher than that in unpolluted area, and there is crop loss in studied area. 2) There is a good correlation between sulfur content and crop loss of pear and rice. The air pollution in studied area is considered to be the reason of the crop loss. 3) The regression equation between the sulfur content in crop leaves and the crop loss seems to be useful for the crop loss rate by sulfur &oxide in the damaged area and that seems to be a good reference for the compensation of pear and rice loss by sulfur dioxide gas emission from Ulsan Industrial Complex.

온산 공단지역의 배출가스(아황산) 가 농작물 수량 및 식물체내 유황함량에 미치는 영향

신남철 한국환경농학회 1985 한국환경농학회지 Vol.4 No.1

亞黃酸가스가 排出되는 工團周邊에서 栽培되는 배나무와 水稻의 葉內 硫黃含量 및 減收率을 調査하여 亞黃酸가스가 收量 및 葉內 硫黃 축적에 미치는 영향과 이들간의 關係를 규명하기 위해 실시한 實驗의 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1) 배나 水稻 共히 對照地點에 비해 被害地點의 葉內 硫黃含量이 높고 減收가 되는 경향을 보였다. 2) 배나 水稻 모두 葉內 硫黃含量과 減收率間에는 매우 높은 有意相關을 보여 公害의 影響으로 減收가 된다는 것을 보여 주었다. 3) 硫黃酸化物(SOx)을 주로 排出하는 工團周邊에 栽培되는 배나 水稻의 公害被害에 의한 補償을 爲해서는 葉內 硫黃含量과 實減收率과의 回歸式을 亞黃酸가스 被害地에서의 收量減收率 調査에 參考함이 좋을 것으로 생각된다. This study was undertaken to investigate the crop yield of pear and rice cultivated around Onsan Industrial complex, the sulfur content in their leaves, and the crop loss. The correlation between them is as follows: 1) The sulfur content in pear and rice leaves in studied area is higher than that in unpolluted area, and there is crop loss in studied area. 2) There is a good correlation between sulfur content and crop loss of pear and rice. The air pollution in studied area is considered to be the reason of the crop loss. 3) The regression equation between the sulfur content in crop leaves and the crop loss seems to be useful for the crop loss rate by sulfur dioxide in the damaged area and that seems to be a good reference for the compensation of pear and rice loss by sulfur dioxide gas emission from Onsan Industral Complex.

초등학생의 체육 학습부진의 원인에 따른 유형 분류

신남철,박정화 한국초등체육학회 2005 한국초등체육학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Chaucer의 형용사 굴절

申南澈 建國大學校 人文科學硏究所 1983 인문과학논총 Vol.15 No.-

The morphemic simplification in ME adjectives is still more dramatic than in ME nouns, for the former generally maintains only one inflectional ending from OE: "final -e." The loss of adjective inflections and grammatical gender distinctions naturally led to the lack of the grammatical concord. In spite of the loss. the distinction of singular and plural and weak inflections was preserved in ME adjective. Chaucer's adjectives are classified into the two groups: the uninflected and the inflected. The former adjectives are the ones which ended in a vowel in OE or which became to end in a vowel in ME. The latter adjectives may be classified as follows: 1) The monosyllabic adjectives ending in a consonant are uninflected throughout the singular and inflected with the final -e throughout the plural. 2) When they are in the context of the weak declension, they are inflected throughout the singular and plural. 3) The adjectives of two or more syllables ending in -en, -el are uninflected in the singular and inflected in the plural. 4) There are found some adjectives which have a plural in -s in the postposition. 5) The traces of the OE genitive plural inflections (-er, -es) are found in several adjectives. 6) In some phrases some adjectives take -e without any of the general conditions. 7) The adjectives are inflected before a proper noun, like the vocative case.

English Compound Nouns 의 구조

申南澈 建國大學校 人文科學硏究所 1977 인문과학논총 Vol.10 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the structures of compound nouns in English. The capacity of forming compounds is one of the characteristics of English. A compound is a unit made up of two or more bases, each of which may be used as a separate word and felt to be single terms. In the course of the analysis, we refer to the boundary between a compound and a syntactic structure. Relevant criteria, necessary to determine the boundary, can be drawn from every level: from phonology, semantics, morphology, and syntax. The distinction between a compound and a syntactic construction cannot be consistently asserted in English compound nouns. The difference of / /and / /or / / cannot be always maintained as that of compound nouns and syntactic constructions. These stress patte군 cannot be only partly admitted in both compounds and phrases, but also wholly applicable to many compound nouns. Bloomfield argues that the stress is the best criterion, while some scholars maintain other criteria. Where a morphological criterion is available, sometimes it may be decisive. Semantic criterion has often been emphasized in some compounds. In some cases it is sometimes available to indicate the structural relations of the compounding members by syntactic paraphrases. The phrase (a) black board has a meaning predictable from the individual words and its construction : it refers to any board which is black. But the compound (a) blackboard has a meaning which is not predictable : it is a name for a particular board. Moreover, (a) blackbird is at least a sort of birds, but (a) ladybird is not (a) bird. Nor is (a) blackcap a particular type of caps. Semantic criteria are not sufficient on their own. The arrangement of members in the compound can be emphasized. The hyphens play an important role. The compound nouns show various characteristics according to their own structures. Therefore, to define and analyse the structures in most troublesome. When any criterion is obviously irrelevant, other criteria must be emphasized as a substitute. There is not a formal criterion that can be emphasized for a generally structural definition of English compound nouns. Since compound nouns cover a wide range of different structural relations between their members, it is not easy to classify them by one criterion. But they can be classified on their own structural points of view as follows : 1) position of determinant and determinatum, 2) endocentric construction or exocentric construction, 3) syntactic construction or asyntactic construction, 4) orthographic differences, 5) syntactic paraphrases, 6) parts of speech, and 7) stress pattern.

Notes on Group Compounds in Present-Day English

申南澈 건국대학교 1978 樂圓誌 Vol.13 No.1

1.1 새로운 어휘를 창조할 필요가 있을 때 이에 대한 여러가지 방법이 있으나, 그 가운데 가장 중요한 것이 Compounding에 의한 Compounds는 그 구조가 phrases와 유사한 점이 많아서 Krusinga는 전통적인 Compounds에 대한 개념을 주장할 필요성을 느끼면서도 전연 Conpounds와 syntactic groups. 외 구별을 하지 않고 있다. 그러나 대부분은 이를 구별하고 있다.

Aural-Oral Approach의 理論的인 一面

申南澈 건국대학교 영어영문학과 1973 영문 학보 Vol.- No.5