Paraquaat처리에 의한 Saccharomyces cervisiae의 superoxide dismutase활성및 미세구조의 변화

박영실 효성여자대학교 1986 국내석사

어린이집 보육교사의 인사관리 및 근무조건에 관한 연구 : 안양시 어린이집을 중심으로

朴瑩實 경기대학교 교육대학원 2002 국내석사

The purpose of this study was to examine the realities of personnel administration and working conditions for childcare and education teachers, who provided education and care for infant and young children at a specific type of daycare centers called children's houses, and how they looked at them. It's basically meant to discuss how personnel management and working conditions could be better to help them work successfully in a more stable and satisfactory manner. The subjects in this study were 200 childcare and education teachers who were working at 50 children's houses selected from among 267 ones in the city of Anyang, Kyonggi province. The selected establishments employed two or more childcare and education teachers. A survey was conducted on them with 38-item questionnaires that primarily covered general characteristics, hiring, promotion, salaries, working condition, in-service education and occupational consciousness. The responses from 170 childcare and education teachers were gathered and then went through statistical analysis. The major findings of this study were as below: First, the childcare and education teachers investigated worked in harsh conditions. When childcare and education teachers don't find their job satisfactory, they won't be motivated enough and eventually fail to take good care of young children they are in charge. Better working conditions should urgently be prepared to elevate child care efficiency. Second, the poor pay system was identified as one of the major sticking points to demoralize the childcare and education teachers. If salaries aren't appropriate for professional workload, daycare centers will face difficulties in securing competent work force and ensuring long-term services. In addition, it's required to bridge the salary gap between public and private daycare institutes. Third, the lack of systematic, rational in-service education didn't allow them to be better qualified and have higher expertise. Moreover, there was no vacation, and the small children's houses had no additional personnels to cover for the childcare and education teachers. Given this situation, how to provide better education for them should carefully be considered. Fourth, daycare centers are legally required to offer 12-hour services a day with no vacation, and childcare and education teachers fundamentally need to serve for eight hours a day and work in shifts for the remaining three hours. But the children's houses didn't fully observe these requirements, and most of the childcare and education teachers overworked themselves due to heavy workload. Some measure should be taken to drop their workload. Fifth, the majority of the childcare and education teachers didn't feel their job gains proper recognition in our society. Although they found it rewarding and took pride, they weren't willing to maintain their job because of low social standing(34%), excessive workload(27.3%), poor salaries(18.2%) and the shortage of social security system(9.1%). It's needed to create conditions for them to take more pride as professionals and regard their job as lifelong occupation.

ARCS 전략을 적용한 체육수업이 초등학생들의 학습태도와 자기효능감에 미치는 효과

박영실 한국교원대학교 대학원 2010 국내석사

The purpose of this study was to analyze the data generated from the application of Keller's ARCS(Attention, Relevance, Confidence & Satisfaction) Strategy of Mativational Design to elementary school students in th area of physical education. In particular, this study attempts to evaluated the ARCS strategy in terms of the students' attitude and self-efficacy. Keller's ARCS strategy was field tested in Seoul, Korea at S elementary school. Two 5th grade classes, consisting of 62 students, were tested. For one 5th grade class, the ARCS strategy was applied and for the other 5th grade class, it was not applied. In 1992, the Korean Educational Development Institude(KEDI) developed a learning attitude test. this test was reviewed and concluded to be satistactory according to the standards of Cronbach's Alpha. The data from the self-efficacy test, tested on Kim Ah-Young(1997) and Park In-Young(2001), was again reviewed and found to be satisfactory according to Cronbach' Alpha standards. The 5th grade elementary physical education students at S Elementary School were given two tests, a pre-test and post-test in regards to learning attitude and self-efficacy. Again, one class applied ARCS and the other did not. Upon analysis of the pre-test and post-test, the following results were found : First, according to the post-test results, the 5th grade calss following the ARCS strategy showed positive improvement in the area of learning attitude. Second, similarly, the 5th grade class following the ARCS strategy demonstrated a marked improvement in terms of self-efficacy. In conclusion, it appeared that Keller's ARCS multi-level method can bring about a significant improvement in the areas of learning attitude and self-efficacy. By employing ARCS, instructors are supplied with various tools to instill a sense of motivation and self-reliance even in the most boring of activities. However, it is still the responsibility of the individual teacher to sacertain the varying motivational level of each individual student and mold the strategy to fit that individual. 이 연구는 수업의 동기 측면을 향상시키기 위한 체계적 방법으로써 제시된 Keller의 ARCS 동기설계 과정을 통해 학습자들의 학습동기를 유발하여 학습자들의 학습태도와 자기효능감에 미치는 효과를 분석함으로써 체육 수업에 있어서 ARCS 전략 활용의 의의를 찾는데 목적이 있다. 이 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 서울시 S초등학교 5학년 2개 학급 62명을 대상으로, 실험집단은 ARCS 전략을 적용한 수업을 비교집단은 교사의 시범과 언어적 정보 전달 중심의 일반적인 수업방법을 적용한 수업을 진행하였다. 학습태도에 대한 검사지는 한국교육개발원(1992)에서 개발한 학습태도 검사도구를 수정·보완하여 예비검사를 통해 얻은 자료를, Cronbach's α 계수를 이용하여 내적일관성이 낮은 문항을 제거하고 신뢰도를 확보한 후 사용하였다. 자기효능감에 대한 검사지는 김아영(1997), 박인영(2001) 등이 사용한 검사지를 수정·보완하여 예비검사를 통해 얻은 자료를, Cronbach's α 계수를 이용하여 내적일관성이 낮은 문항을 제거하고 신뢰도를 확보한 후 사용하였다. 연구 절차는 초등학교 5학년 육상활동에 대한 학습태도와 자기효능감에 대한 사전검사를 실시하였고, 학급 단위로 나누어 실험집단은 ARCS 전략을 적용한 수업을 실시하였으며, 비교집단은 지도서에 근거한 일반적인 수업을 실시하였다. 수업이 끝난 후 두 집단을 대상으로 학습태도, 자기효능감에 대한 사후검사를 실시하였고 사전·사후검사를 통해 나타난 결과를 통계 처리하여 비교·분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 두 집단 간 체육학습에 대한 학습태도의 사후검사에서 실험집단이 비교집단에 비해 교과에 대한 자아개념, 교과에 대한 태도, 학습습관에서 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 두 집단 간 체육학습에 대한 자기효능감 검사에서 실험집단이 비교집단에 비해 자기조절효능감과 과제난이도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다 . 결론적으로 ARCS 전략을 적용한 수업은 정의적 영역 즉 학습태도, 자기효능감에서 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 학습자들이 흥미를 느끼지 못하는 활동에서 체계적인 동기설계 과정을 통해 학습자들의 학습동기를 향상시켜 줌으로써 정의적인 영역의 긍정적 태도 향상에 효과적임을 보여준다. 이에 체육수업을 통한 신체활동과 수업과정에서의 즐거움을 경험하는데 Keller의 ARCS 전략은 효과적인 수업전략이 될 수 있다고 생각한다. 따라서 체육수업에서 학습자들의 동기수준에 맞는 수업 전략, 수업 내용 등을 연구, 개발하는 노력이 필요하다고 할 수 있다.

ST, AUGUSTINE AND THE "POWERS THAT BE" IN DE CIVITATE DEI

박영실 Trinity Evangelical Divinity School 2001 해외박사

"The powers that be" is a biblical expression found in Romans chapter 13. Augustine, interpreting "the powers that be" as the Roman Empire, argued that God had ordained the Roman state and its rulers. For Augustine, the Roman Empire was a divinely instituted system, though one with a fatal flaw This thesis focuses on Augustine's understanding of the reason for the Roman Empire's fall. It will argue this: Augustine contended that the flaw leading to Rome's fall consisted, not only of the tendency to corruption intrinsic to all created things, but of a peculiarly strong penchant toward injustice and self-love due to the idolatrous foundations of its political theory. By examining the causes of the fall of Rome, the relevance of Augustine's ideas in The City of God to modern civil authority - both in general and (in particular) with respect to Korean political ideology are discussed. For this argument, this thesis begins with the exploring how Augustine's experience of the divine "powers that be." It examines Augustine's spiritual and intellectual pilgrimage through the progressive influences of his mother, Monica, Cicero's Hortensius, Manichaeism, Neoplatonism, and, finally, Augustine's conversion to Christianity. Also, Augustine's conception of the state and how it differs from both the classic and the patristic traditions are considered. After the general view of government, Augustine's view of Rome is observed. It is important that in De civitate Dei, Augustine never unconditionally discards the accomplishments of the Roman Empire. Then, Augustine's view of Roman justice in light of "the powers that be" is discussed. According to Augustine, the fatal flaw of Rome was the absence of true justice. This claim is developed in three steps: the analysis of the nature of Rome, Rome as the representative of earthly city, and Rome's failure of recognizing the true "powers that be." The fall of Rome, then, is the natural consequence of the limitations in the Roman worldview.

공유 리더십이 고객지향성과 경영성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 긍정심리자본과 지식공유의 매개효과

박영실 창원대학교 2019 국내박사

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of shared leadership on positive psychological capital and knowledge sharing, and mediating role of the positive psychological capital and knowledge sharing and the customer orientation on the business performance. For the analysis, 257 corporate workers’ response data were collected and used for the statistical analysis. The hypothesis were verified by structural equation analysis. There are several significant results as follows: First, the path coefficient of shared leadership on positive psychological capital is 0.711 (p <.000). Second, the path coefficient of shared leadership on knowledge sharing is 0.712 (p <.000). Third, the path coefficient of shared leadership on customer orientation is s0.375 (p <.000). Fourth, the path coefficient of positive psychological capital and knowledge sharing on the customer orientation are 0.262 (p <.000) and 0.202 (p = .006). Lastly, the path coefficient of customer orientation on business performance is 0.643 (p <.000). The implications of the shared leadership are discussed.

간호전문직에 대한 태도 조사연구 : 간호사와 일반인의 비교

박영실 한양대학교 행정대학원 간호행정전공 1988 국내석사

한·중·일 중학교 영어 교과서의 문법 내용 비교 연구

박영실 연세대학교 교육대학원 2006 국내석사

신종 인플루엔자 대유행에 관한 의료인의 인식도

박영실 연세대학교 보건대학원 2009 국내석사

본 연구는 전 세계적으로 신종 인플루엔자 대유행의 우려가 높아지는 가운데 우리나라 의료인의 인구사회학적특성 요인과 진료특성 요인이 신종 인플루엔자 대유행 대비에 관한 인식에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고 신종 인플루엔자 대유행에 관한 의료인의 전반적인 인식을 확인함으로써 정부의 신종 인플루엔자 대유행 관리 계획 수립시 기초자료 제공을 목적으로 시도되었다.연구대상은 국내 개원의원, 보건(지)소?의료원, 종합전문병원에서 근무하는 의료인 771명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문을 실시하였으며, 회수된 설문 중 부실한 응답을 제외한 242부를 분석하였다. 자료 분석은 조사대상자의 인구사회학적 특성과 진료특성을 독립변수로 설문내용을 종속변수로 하여 빈도분석 및 교차분석을 통해 각 변수간의 응답율 차이를 비교하였으며, 단계적 후진 선택법에 의한 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통해 각 설문의 응답에 영향을 미치는 변수를 분석하였다. 통계처리는 SPSS 12.0 for Windows를 이용하였으며 유의수준은 0.1로 하였다.연구결과는 다음과 같았다.신종 인플루엔자 대유행시 진료지속 의향에 대한 분석에서 개인의원을 준거범주로 보건(지)소?의료원의 의료인의 OR이 0.365로 나타났으며 필요물자 부족시 진료지속 의향은 개인의원을 준거범주로 보건(지)소?의료원, 종합전문병원의 OR이 각 각 0.415, 0.435로 나타났다.근무지역의 신종 인플루엔자 대유행 대비 필요물자 비축수준은 서울지역을 준거범주로 기타 지역의 OR이 0.272로 나타났다.정부의 신종 인플루엔자 대유행 대비 수준에 대해 ‘부정적응답’이 93.4%로 나타났으며, 정부의 지원 중 가장 원하는 분야는 ‘개인보호장비 등 물자 지원’으로 나타났다.본 연구의 결과 신종 인플루엔자 대유행에 대한 인지도는 보건(지)소?의료원에서 낮게 나타났으며, 기타 지역은 대유행 대비를 위한 비축물자 준비도 충분하지 못하였다. 또한 의료인들은 정부의 대비 수준에 대해서 매우 부정적으로 인지하고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 향후 이를 해결할 수 있는 체계적인 교육 및 홍보와 필요물자 지원 방안 등 정부의 정책 대안 마련이 필요할 것이다. This study was conducted to provide a preliminary data for the pandemic influenza control plan of government, by analyzing the factor that demographic characteristics and clinic type of healthcare worker affect perception for pandemic preparedness and by identifying general perceived level of preparedness amongst healthcare workers for pandemic influenza.Data was collected from 771 general practitioners, public health workers, healthcare workers in medical centers and general hospitals. They did the self-administered questionnaires. We received 247 out of 771, and 5 of 247 were excluded because of poor answers. Data analysis were performed by comparing the difference of answer rate between each variable through analyzing frequency and crosstabulation about independent variable with demographic characteristics and clinic type and dependent variable with questionnaire contents. A variable affects to answer for each question was analyzed by logistic regression of stepwise backward elimination method. Data was analyzed by SSPS 12.0 for windows with 0.1 of significant level.For the analysis of acceptance of consultation during pandemic influenza, OR for healthcare worker in public health center and medical center based on personal hospital is 0.365. For the analysis of acceptance of consultation during the shortage of materials, OR for healthcare worker in public health center and medical center based on personal hospital is 0.415. OR for general hospital is 0.435.For the level of material stockpiling for pandemic influenza in workplace, OR for the other area based on Seoul area is 0.272.For the level of preparedness for pandemic influenza of the government, 'Negative answer' was 93.4%. 'Support of materials such as Personal Protective Equipment' was the most wanted part of government support.The perceived level of risk for pandemic influenza was low at public health centers and medical centers in this study, and the preparedness of stockpiling materials in the other area was insufficient. In addition, healthcare workers generally perceived on the level of pandemic preparedness of the government. Government policies such as systematic training, public information and supporting necessary materials are measures that should be taken to help alleviate such problems.

안현정 작곡 거문고 독주곡 ‘만추(晩秋)’ 분석연구

박영실 이화여자대학교 대학원 2021 국내석사

This paper examines the geomungo solo piece“Manchu”(2021) composed by AN Hyeonjeong. This piece was premiered on December 9, 2020 by Son Soo-rim as a Ph.D. concert at Ewha Womans University. For the version of the concert“The Nature of Geomungo”performed on March 3, 2021, various detailed geomungo playing techniques were added by the composer, which further maximized musical effect. This paper analyzes melodies, rhythms, and playing techniques dividing the composition into five chapters. The results of the analysis are as follows: The first chapter has a total of 18 bars (bars 1-18) and is divided into four sections (sections a, b, c, and b'). The tonality is A♭ Major and the meter is 12/8; the appearance notes are B♭, C , E♭, F , and A♭with the main notes of B♭ and E♭. The motif of the first chapter is presented on three notes (E♭, F , and B♭) in bar 2 and used throughout the four sections of the chapter. The motif is highlighted by using techniques of jachul (hitting or plucking with left hand) and tteul (plucking upward) within three notes, the delicacy of the geomungo is presented by making small and clear sound, and the motif melody of the second chapter is prepared in the section c and b'. In the first chapter, the () rhythm, which is a long rhythm, and the () rhythm suggested in the motif are mainly used and further a jump progression that goes up 4 degrees in a slow tempo of a ujo-mode atmosphere frequently appears, which demonstrates that the traditional melodic progression is outstanding. The second chapter has a total of 20 bars (bars 19-38) and is divided into four sections (sections d, e, d', and e'). The tonality is F major and the meter is 9/8; the appearance notes are C , E♭, F , A♭, and B♭, among which the major notes are C and F. The motif of the second chapter is presented in bar 19; the motif is emphasized through the repetition of the specific rhythms () and () and a descending melodic progression of the menari-tori such as motive ① and motive ②. Jachul is characteristically used among the three notes (F , E♭, C), showing the effect of emphasizing the motif melody. The motif of section d is carried out with regularity in section d and d', which shows a musical contrast to the long rhythm in section e. In bar 35, the V-shaped melody and the () rhythm are presented, and this is the preparatory part for sound pattern and rhythm of the motive of the third chapter. The second chapter shows the traditional melody of menari-tori as a whole, and uses the feeling of partially extending E♭, the main note of the first chapter, to show a sense of unity and regularity as a whole. The third chapter has a total of 38 bars (bars 39-76) and is divided into three sections (sections f, g, and f'). The tonality is F minor and the meter is 8/8; As for the appearance notes, various notes appear due to the appearance of the temporary key signature, but the main notes are C and F as in the second chapter. The motif of the third chapter is presented in bar 39, and the V-shaped melody shown in bar 35 of the second chapter is used at semitone intervals. This semitone progression is mainly used in section f and f', highlighting the characteristics of modern musical melodies. The motif rhythm is indicated by the (++) rhythmic phrase. The () rhythm, which appeared once in the first and second chapters, is dealt with as the first beat of the motif, and is presented the same in the first part of all measures in section f. In section g, the meter 8/8 mixes the triple and duple divisions and thus the standard beat is divided into () and (); in this process, percussive elements are more effectively expressed by highlighting consecutive strokes through the use of daejeom (striking technique to make loudest sound) and tteul. Section f' is changed to 6/8 meter, and the V-shaped melody with semitone interval of section f and the () and () rhythms of section g are used to make it a rhythmic section. In bar 64, the melodic progression is partially shown for the first time, and the melodic progression of F , A♭, F , B♭, A♭, and F in bar 73 is preparatory for the fourth chapter. The overall characteristic of the third chapter is that the V-shaped melody is used in semitones and the duple and the triple divisions are used alternately, which highlights modern musical components, and various percussive effects by using various playing techniques such as open strings, tteul, and daejeom emphasize the features and advantages of the geomungo to the maximum. The fourth chapter has a total of 26 bars (bars 77-102) and is divided into three sections (sections h including intro, i, and h'). The tonality is C minor and the meter is 3/4. As in the third chapter, the appearance notes appear along with various temporary key signatures and the main notes are C and F. The intro of the fourth chapter is characterized by the use of various playing techniques such as open strings of dissonant notes (C , B♭), tremolo, and fingering, leading to more modern playing techniques. The motif of the fourth chapter is presented in bar 82, and the use of staccato creates a unique tone, and the () rhythm along with the two rhythms (, ) of the motif are mainly used in the fourth chapter, highlighting the effect of rhythm rather than melody. The playing techniques using munhyeon (String 1) and yuhyeon (String 2) in section i are found in section g of the third chapter while the V-shaped semitone progression in section f and f' in the third chapter, which shows unity with the third chapter. In section h’, descriptive words for fingering techniques such as 'striking with the 2nd, 3rd fingernails' or 'striking with 2nd, 3rd and 4th fingernails' are presented, further highlighting the unique tone and maximizing the musical effect. Although the modern melody is not emphasized compared to the third chapter due to the partial appearance of the traditional melody, various playing techniques using modern techniques such as fingering, tremolo, and staccato, rhythm progression using commas, and the use of munhyeon, in the fourth chapter, show the continuation of modern musical characteristics. The fifth chapter has a total of 46 bars (bars 103-148) and is composed of section j using the melodic features of menari-tori and yukjabaegi-tori, section j's succeeding to the melody of menari-tori, and section a' repeating section a. The tonality starts with C minor, is transformed into D minor in section j', and then is transformed into A♭ Major in section a'. The meter of section j and j' is 6/4 while that of section a' is 12/8. As in the third and fourth chapter, the appearance notes continuously feature the modern semitone progression, and the main notes of section j are G and C, those of section j' are A and D , and those of section a' are E♭and A♭. The motif of the fifth chapter is presented in bar 103, and it is similar to the intro melody of the fourth chapter. The motif of section j is used in various forms, and partially maintains the rhythmic components of the third and fourth chapters by using the 16th-note () rhythm and the playing techniques of tteul and daejeom. By using the melodies of menari-tori and yukjabaegi-tori alternately, it plays a role in reproducing the traditional melodic features as opposed to the modern semitone melodic features that appeared in the third and fourth chapters. Section a' has the same playing technique and musical components as the first chapter, and the greatest characteristic of the fifth chapter is that it ends with sumi (intro-end) correlation structure that reverses section a as a whole. Asaresultofexaminingthegeomungo solo piece “Manchu”composed by AH Hyeon-jeong, after the premiere in 2020, the techniques of playing the geomungo were added more delicately in the reenactment in 2021, improving the level of musical expression. It is a work that maximizes the original characteristics of the instrument geomungo by harmonizing menari-tori, yukjabaegi-tori, modern semitones, percussive rhythm, and various playing techniques. It is my hope that this thesis will help with the understanding and practice of the geomungo solo work “Manchu”. 본 논문은 안현정 작곡의 거문고 독주곡‘만추(晩秋)’(2021)를 연구 대상으로 하였다. 본 곡의 악곡구조는 1장, 2장, 3장, 4장, 5장 다섯 장으로 나누어지고 총 148마디로 구성되어있다. 곡 분석의 편의를 위해 악곡구조를 장별로 단락을 나누어 악곡의 형식을 제시하였다. 각 장별 선율과 리듬, 거문고 연주법을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1장은 제 1마디~제 18마디까지이고 a단락, b단락, c단락, b'단락으로 구분된다. 조성은 A♭ Major (내림 가장조), 박자는 12/8박자, 출현음은 B♭, C , E♭, F , A♭이며 이중에 주요음은 B♭, E♭이다. 1장의 모티브는 제 2마디에 세 음으로(E♭, F , B♭)제시되어 1장의 네 단락 전체에서 사용된다. 모티브 세 음 안에 자출과 뜰의 연주법을 활용하여 모티브를 부각시킴과 동시에 작고 맑은 소리를 내어 거문고의 섬세함을 느끼는 효과를 담는다. 1장은 전체적으로 우조 분위기의 느린 템포에서 4도 상행하는 도약진행이 자주 등장하여 전통적인 선율진행이 돋보인 장이다. 2장은 제 19마디~제 38마디까지이고 d단락, e단락, d'단락, e'단락으로 구분된다. 조성은 F Major (바 단조), 박자는 9/8박자, 출현음은 C , E♭, F , A♭, B♭이며 이중에 주요음은 C , F 이다. 2장의 모티브는 제 19마디에 제시되어 동기①, 동기②와 같은 메나리토리 하행선율진행과 특정 리듬의 반복을 통해 모티브를 부각시킨다. 모티브 중 세 음(F , E♭, C) 사이에 자출이 특징적으로 사용되며 이는 모티브 선율을 부각시키는 효과를 나타낸다. 2장은 전체적으로 메나리토리의 전통적인 선율이 나타나고 1장의 주요음인 E♭을 부분적으로 길게 뻗는 느낌을 사용하여 전체적으로 통일감과 규칙성이 돋보인 장이다. 3장은 제 39마디~제 76마디까지이고 f단락, g단락, f'단락으로 구분된다. 조성은 F minor (바 단조), 박자는 8/8박자, 출현음은 임시표의 등장으로 다양한 음이 출현하였지만 주요음은 2장과 마찬가지로 C , F 이다. 3장의 모티브는 제 39마디에 제시되며 2장 제 35마디에 나타난 ˅음형이 반음간격으로 사용된다. 이 반음진행은 f단락과 f'단락에서 주요적으로 사용되어 현대음악적인 선율의 특징을 부각시킨다. 3장의 전체적인 특징은 ˅음형이 반음으로 사용되어 현대음악적인 선율이 부각되고 2분박과 3분박의 교차로 리듬또한 현대적이며 개방현과 뜰, 대점 등 다양한 주법을 사용함으로서 타악적인 효과의 다양한 변화로 거문고의 특징 및 장점을 최대한 부각시켰다는 점이다. 4장은 제 77마디~제 102마디까지이고 h단락, i단락, h'단락으로 구분된다. 조성은 C minor (다 단조), 박자는 3/4박자, 출현음은 3장처럼 임시표가 다양하게 등장하며 주요음은 동일하게 C , F 이다. 4장에서 등장한 intro에서는 불협화음(C , B♭)의 개방현, 트레몰로, 핑거링과 같이 다양한 주법이 사용되어 보다 현대적인 연주법들로 이어가는 것이 특징이다. 4장의 모티브는 제 82마디에 제시되며 스타카토의 활용으로 독특한 음색을 구현하고, 쉼표를 활용하여 선율보다는 리듬의 효과를 더 부각시킨다. 전통적인 선율이 부분적으로 등장하여 3장에 비해 현대적인 선율이 부각되진 않지만 fingering과 트레몰로, 스타카토와 같은 현대적인 특수주법을 활용한 다양한 연주법과 쉼표를 사용한 리듬진행과 문현의 활용은 여전히 현대음악적인 특징을 이어간다는 것이 4장의 전체적인 특징이다. 5장은 제 103마디~제 148마디까지이고 j단락, j'단락, a'단락으로 구분된다. 조성은 j단락이 C minor (다 단조), j'단락이 D minor (라 단조), a'단락이 A♭Major (내림 가 단조)로 두 번의 조성변화가 나타났다. j단락과 j'단락의 박자는 6/4박자, a'단락의 박자는 12/8박자이다. 출현음은 3장, 4장과 마찬가지로 여전히 현대적인 반음진행이 이어지며 j단락의 주요음은 G , C , j'단락의 주요음은 A , D , 그리고 a'단락의 주요음은 E♭, A♭이다. 5장의 모티브는 제 103마디에 제시되며 4장의 intro선율과 유사했다. 메나리토리와 육자배기토리의 선율을 교차로 사용하여 3장과 4장에 나타났던 현대적인 반음의 선율특징에서 다시 전통적인 선율 특징으로 재현하는 역할을 하는 것이 5장의 가장 큰 특징이다. 안현정 작곡의 거문고 독주곡‘만추(晩秋)’를 살펴본 결과, 본 곡은 메나리토리, 육자배기토리, 현대적인 반음 사용, 타악기적인 리듬과 다양한 연주법들의 조화로 거문고 본래의 악기 특성을 최대한 활용한 곡이다. 본 논문을 통하여 거문고 독주곡‘만추(晩秋)’의 작품이해를 돕고 실제 연주에 도움이 되기를 기대해본다.

생활체육 활동이 참여자의 개인적 특성에 따라 심리적 행복감, 생활만족, 운동중독에 미치는 영향

박영실 전남대학교 2009 국내석사

본 연구의 목적은 생활체육 활동이 참여자들의 개인적 특성에 따라 심리적 행복감, 생활만족, 운동중독에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 G광역시에 거주하고 생활체육 활동에 6개월 이상 규칙적으로 참여하고 있는 20세 이상 성인 남·녀 240명을 무선 표집 방법을 이용하여 조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 spss 12.0 program을 이용하여 처리하였고, 인구 통계학적 변인에 따른 통계적 차이를 분석하기 위하여 T-test와 분산분석을 실시하였으며, 통계적 유의수준은 .05수준에서 해석하여 분석한 결과를 통해 얻은 본 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 생활체육 활동이 참여자의 성별에 따라 미치는 영향은 운동중독 요인에서는 남자가 여자보다 높게 나타났고, 심리적 행복감과 생활만족은 여자가 남자보다 높았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 생활체육 활동이 참여자의 연령별에 따라 미치는 영향은 연령이 많을수록 심리적 행복감, 생활만족, 운동중독 요인 모두에서 높게 나타났고, 생활만족(F=1.186), 운동중독(F= 4.167) 요인에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 셋째, 생활체육 활동이 참여자의 직업별에 따라 미치는 영향은 심리적 행복감과 생활만족 요인에서는 주부(3.73±.71)가, 운동중독 요인은 자영업자(4.11±.55)가 가장 높게 나타났고, 심리적 행복감(F=2.145)과 운동중독(F=2.373) 요인에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 넷째, 생활체육 활동이 참여자의 경력별에 따라 미치는 영향은 심리적 행복감은 참여 경력이 적을수록 높게 나타났고, 생활만족은 ‘2년-3년 미만’ 참여 집단이, 그리고 운동중독 요인은 참여 경력이 많을수록 높았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 다섯째, 생활체육 활동이 참여자의 참여 종목별에 따라 미치는 영향은 심리적 행복감은 배드민턴, 배구, 에어로빅 순으로 높게 나타났고, 생활만족과 운동중독은 배드민턴과 게이트볼이 높았으며, 심리적 행복감(F=5.925), 생활만족(F=3.397), 운동중독(F=6.488) 모두에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 여섯째, 생활체육 활동이 참여자의 주당 운동 참여 빈도별에 따라 미치는 영향은 심리적 행복감, 생활만족, 운동중독은 5-6회(3.79±.60) 이상 참여한 사람이 가장 높았고, 심리적 행복감(F=2.763) 요인에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 일곱째, 생활체육 활동이 참여자의 1일 운동 참여 시간별에 따라 미치는 영향은 심리적 행복감과 생활만족은 1일 ‘3-4시간’ 정도 참여하고 있는 집단에서 가장 높게 나타났고, 운동중독 요인에서는 1일 운동 참여시간이 많은 집단일수록 높게 나타났으며, 심리적 행복감에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. The purpose of this study is to understand the influence on a psychological euphoria, life satisfaction and exercise addition of the participants in life sports it was conducted by using a random sampling to achieve the purpose for an adult men and women of 240 over 20years old who have lived in Kawang-ju and regularly take part in life sports over 6months A collected data was disposed of using spss 12.0 program, T-test and the analysis of dispersion to analyze the statiscal difference on population statistics. And the results of this study that is gained through the analysis results in level .05 are as follows First, the sex of the participants. it shows that the men are higher than the women in exercise addition. In contrast, the women are higher than men in psychological euphoria and life satisfaction. Statistically, those figures are similar Second, the age of participants. It proves that the more the members are old, the more those stats are high in three aspects. Statistically, the number of life satisfacition is similar to exercise addition. Third, the occupation of participants. It indicates that a housewife in psychological euphoria and life satisfaction and self-management's men in exercise addition are the highest. Statistically, the figure of psychological euophoria is similar to exercise addition. Fourth, the Influence of life sports participants' psychological euphoria, and life satisfaction, exercise addiction to participating degree of life sports is higher as the period of exercising is longer, frequency and intensity are higher. Fifth, among life sports events, it shows that badminton's figure is higher than volleyball and aerobic's in psychological euphoria. And, in life satisfaction and exercise addition, badminton and gate ball's numbers are the highest. However, statistically, three aspects' figures are similar. Sixth, the frequency of exercise participations a week. It demonstrates that the people that participate sports 5~6times a week is the highest in psychological euphoria and life satisfaction. Statiscally, the numbers of psychological happiness are similar. Seventh, the time of exercise participation a day. It shows that the group that have taken part in sports for 3~4 hours a day is the highest in psychological euphoria and life satisfaciton. The more the group spends a lot of time of exercise a day, the more the figures are high in exercise addition. Statistically, Two groups' figures are much like in psychological euphoria.