시 (詩) / 제전 (祭典)

박항식 조선불교학생회문화부 1949 녹원 Vol.2 No.-

擬態와 擬聲法攷

朴沆植 圓光大學校 1973 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

좋은 글이라는 것은 반드시 좋은 소재에서만 얻어지는 것은 아니다. 같은 금강산 경치라고 하더라도 배가 고팠을 경우와 식후경이 다를 것이요 그것보다는 그 경색을 그려내는 표현기교 여하에 따라서 엄청난 차이를 가져오게 될 것이다. 그리하여 그 표현방법 가운데에서도 특히 눈에 띄기 쉬운 것은 문구 작성의 형식인바 환형적 수사라는 것은 글에 정취를 더하기 위해서 보통 평서의 서술형식을 버리고 일종의 특출한 형식을 취하게 되는 것이니 원리를 캐어 내자면 평판을 버리고 변화를 불러오자는 것에 지나지 않는다. 일상사도 그렇지만 글에 있어서 변화라는 것은 언제나 싫증을 없애주고 졸음을 깨워준다. 그리하여 그것은 어두운 밤하늘을 바라보다가 반짝이는 별을 발견했다던지 또는 넓고 끝없는 황야를 가다가 한송이 들국화를 만나게 되었다는 것과도 견줄만한 일이 아닐 수 없다.

詩의 時間性 硏究

朴沆植 圓光大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.14 No.1

Paul-Ambroise Valery said that language had two functions; one is to convey mea-nings and the other emotions. Among those, we should take the latter in order to co-nstruct the pure Poetry. And also he maintain that we must exclude all the prosaic elements in poetry. Whereever does the emotion come from in this case? Without question,it comes from the transmission for readers by virtue of reappearance of the emotion we have experienced. What we have ordinarily experienced is of course made up of by sound & color and conscious content which is immanent and unified perception. That is in itself looking, listening and perception. If we appreciate the beauties of sound & color,how lucky enough it is. Therefore the problems of poetry and the nature of time are raised. They serve as a mysterious role. This study aims at describing the nature of time and in turn the time of natural science, philosophical time, the kind of time and finally the poetry which has physical time. Especially among the kinds of time, there are three; physical time by Newton's method of Sir Issac Newton, historical time (Sein und zeit) of Martin Heidegger and psychological time of Henmri Louis Bergson. In the case of physical time, the relationship between poetry and time was concretly illustrated and also in the case of psychological time, the function of the time in poe-try was slightly described at chapter 6. "the time of Buddhist Literature". However, The way of characterizing the psychological time in poetry remains as the prospective subject.

韓國詩歌의 修辭硏究

朴沆植 圓光大學校 1974 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

이황의 (15.1~1570)의 「요산12곡」가운데 전대전에 나온 시조는 이조 태종의 「하여가」와 그 의상이 흡사하다 이런들 엇더 ㅎ-며 저런들 엇더 ㅎ-료 초야 우생이 이러타 엇다 ㅎ-료 ㅎ-ㅁ-ㄹ며 천석고황을 고쳐 므슴 ㅎ-료 이런들 엇더 ㅎ- 며 저런들 엇더 ㅎ-료 만수산 드렁츩이 얼거진들 엇더 ㅎ- 리 우리도 이 ㄱ-ㅅ치 얼거져 백년까지 누리리라 이와 같이 남의 피륙을 빌려다가 그 속에 독특한 자기 골격을 넣은 방법을<환골>이라 말한다.

正心修身과 평화의 內在律

박항식 일념 1993 교수아카데미총서 Vol.5 No.-

We showed in [2] that if r ≤ 2, zero mean Gaussian of average error of the Trapezoidal rule is proportional to h^(2r+3) _i on the interval [0, 1]. In this paper, if r ≥ 3, we show that zero mean Gaussian of average error of the Trapezoidal rule is bounded by Ch^(4)_(4)h^(4)_(4).

디지털 경제시대의 정부정책방향 : 정책의 혁신과 Benchmarking

박항식 동국대학교 대학원 2001 大學院硏究論集-東國大學校 大學院 Vol.31 No.-

Development of the information technology (IT) industry as depicted by the Internet is rapidly changing the analogue economy into the digital economy. Digital economy is the economy in which a broad range of information is systematically analyzed through digits expressing continuous analogue signals with 「a combination of 0s and 1s」so that it can be applied to the decision making process. As we approach this digital era, the existing energy-intensive social structure is shifting toward a knowledge and information-intensive one. In other words, a pyramid type, vertical, specialized and Taylor type organization is moving toward one that is properly networked as well as intensely concentrated so that information can flow naturally within inside. As the areas of human activities expand from off-line to on-line, digitalization is now "a matter of survival" rather than that of choice worldwide. It has become necessary to establish strategy that responds to the super-rapid digital revolution and secure an edge in international digital competition in order to maintain continued national competitiveness. Don Tapscott (1997) enumerated ten information technological changes in the digital economy. Moreover, Prof. Thurow of Harvard University (1999) forecasted that: "In the digital economy where discontinuity in technological advances is repeated time after time, only those nations and industries that boldly discard their outdated technologies and adapt new technologies will succeed." In the digital economy, the importance of dual direction multimedia is growing as the three technological factors - the computer (computer, software, and services), telecommunications (telephone, cable, and satellite), and contents (entertainment, publishing, and the information provider) - organically integrated. That is to say, in the digital economy, technological innovation and the creation, diffusion, and application of knowledge assets are becoming the new metaphors. Regarding technological innovation as an endogenous variable of economic growth, which began with Schumpeter in the 1960s, the OECD (1998) developed a model of the national innovation system in which a nation's performance is decided by the following elements; innovation and networking ability of the industry, the science system that creates scientific knowledge, regional innovation systems, global networking, and industrial clustering. Furthermore, technological innovation has a close relationship with the creation, diffusion, and application of knowledge assets. Efforts are currently underway, centered upon the OECD, to gauge those economic impact effects. The digital economy, with the enlarging gaps taking place between "those who are informed" and "those who are not" within the flood of information, is restructuring industry with failure of enterprises that do not adapt to digitalization and birth among nations. Therefore, for the time being, the outlook is for the advanced nations like the US, Japan and European states to enjoy the advantages of the digital economy. In all reality, those nations show little difference, and have been engaged in systematic preparations for the digital revolution since the late 1980s. Things they share in common include: 1) providing environments appropriate to on-line industrial activities, 2) strengthening the capacity of science and technology, 3) creation of new industries and strengthening clustering, 4) building a cooperative system for enhancing the capabilities and values of industries, and 5) nurturing creative human resources and creating social environments for giving favorable treatment to them. Meanwhile, the development of the digital economy also has far reaching effects not only on the on-line industries, but on off-line industries like the existing manufacturing sector as well. Economic growth throughout the would caused by the development of information and telecommunications ranges from 10-20%, and the spill-over effect of technology diffusion in the on-line industries is very huge. Development of the medical industry using applied CAD-CAM and development of the automobile industry using electronic devices goes without mentioning. The rapid increase in internet sales of such things as stock exchanges and airplane tickets and the development of home shopping through electronic commerce has also led to reduction of at least 2% and at most 40% in the logistical cost. Sachs (1999) explained this exemplifying the US market. In responding to such changes, Korea also must change. The role of the government is very important especially because Korea is in the early stage of digital economy. The Korean government also recognizes the importance of the digital economy. Unfortunately, however, Korea's governmental bureaucratic system, due to its behavioral habits of maintaining the vested interests, lack of specialties, and the state of the bureaucratic system that dislikes change, does not show big changes. Therefore, the following are the tasks that the Korean government must undertake in order to go forward. First, improve the laws and the systems for building the digital economy. Second, raise the science and technology innovation capabilities that determine national economic competitiveness and expand the R&D budget. Third, promote venture firms that strengthen the competitiveness of the industries related to the digital economy and invite foreign advanced technology industries to Korea. Forth, establish policies that nurture and attract specialized human resources who are lacking in the fields of e-business and IT. Five, foster a favorable atmosphere in society for scientists and engineers, and make it possible to discover individuals with talent in science at an early stage. As the influence that the digital economy brings with it in the future has no limit, it would be desirable for Korea to strengthen networking so that a win-win strategy can be realized instead of pursuing a zero-sum game. The government should build a basis for this. As only about 20% of the world's population now enjoys the advantages of the digital economy, it is also necessary for the Korean government to join the world community in efforts to expand that figure.

디지털 경제 하에서의 혁신정책

박항식 과학기술정책연구원 2000 과학기술정책 Vol.- No.124

反轉的修飾小考

朴沆植 東國大學校 국어국문학부 1975 國語國文學 論文集 Vol.9-10 No.-

十大詩人의 詩와 그 精神次元

朴沆植 圓光大學校 文理科大學 國語國文學科 1980 國語 國文學 硏究 Vol.6 No.-

情化的修飾攷

朴沆植 圓光大學校 1969 論文集 Vol.4 No.-