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      • FFR에서의 임계-쌍 경로를 이용한 효율적인 테스트 생성

        서성환,안광선 대한전자공학회 1999 電子工學會論文誌, C Vol.c36 No.4

        본 논문에서는 테스트 생성 과정에서 자주 사용되는 임계의 확장 개념으로 임계-쌍을 정의한다. 그리고 임계의 특성을 나타내는 요소로서 임계성, 임계율, 임계설정율 등을 정의한다. 이 요소들을 이용하여 임계-쌍의 사용이 단일 임계의 사용보다 더 효율적이라는 것을 입증하고, FFR에서의 테스트 패턴 생성 시에 임계값에 대한 평가 회수, 경로선의 탐색 회수 및 생성 시간에서 더 효율적이라는 것을 보여준다. 시뮬레이션을 통해서 ISCAS85 벤치마크 테스트 회로에 대한 실험 결과를 비교 분석한다. Critical is used frequently in many test generation procedures. In this paper, the critical-pair is defined as a extended concept of critical. Also, the criticality, the critical rate, the critical number, and the critical setting rate are defined which represent the characteristics of critical. In these elements, it is proved that the usage of the critical-pair is more efficient than that of the single critical. in FFR, it is also showed that the critical-pair is more efficient in evaluation number of critical values when the test pattern is generated, in the number of searching lines, and the test generation time. The experimental results of the critical-pair on the ISCAS85 benchmark test circuits are compared and analyzed to the single critical using simulation.

      • KCI등재

        mRNA Expression of SLC5A5 and SLC2A Family Genes in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: An Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas

        서성환,김윤학,고태식,정대천,이치승,장전엽,차원재,한명은,김성장,김인주,박경준 연세대학교의과대학 2018 Yonsei medical journal Vol.59 No.6

        Purpose: The present study investigated the dynamics and prognostic role of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression responsible for18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in FDG positron emission tomography (PET) and radioactive iodine (131I) uptake in wholebodyradioactive iodine scans (WBS) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients. Materials and Methods: The primary and processed data were downloaded from the Genomic Data Commons Data Portal. Expressiondata for sodium/iodide symporter (solute carrier family 5 member 5, SLC5A5), hexokinase (HK1–3), glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase (G6PD), and glucose transporter (solute carrier family 2, SLC2A1–4) mRNA were collected. Results: Expression of SLC5A5 mRNA were negatively correlated with SLC2A1 mRNA and positively correlated with SLC2A4mRNA. In PTC with BRAF mutations, expressions of SLC2A1, SLC2A3, HK2, and HK3 mRNA were higher than those in PTC withoutBRAF mutations. Expression of SLC5A5, SLC2A4, HK1, and G6PD mRNA was lower in PTC without BRAF mutation. PTCswith higher expression of SLC5A5 mRNA had more favorable disease-free survival, but no association with overall survival. Conclusion: Expression of SLC5A5 mRNA was negatively correlated with SLC2A1 mRNA. This finding provides a molecular basisfor the management of PTC with negative WBS using 18F-FDG PET scans. In addition, higher expression of SLC5A5 mRNA wasassociated with less PTC recurrence, but not with deaths.

      • 임계-쌍 경로를 이용한 시험 불가능 결함의 확인

        서성환,안광선 대한전자공학회 1999 電子工學會論文誌, C Vol.c36 No.10

        본 논문은 조합 논리회로에서의 시험 불가능한 결함(untestable faults)을 확인하는 새로운 알고리즘 RICP(Redundancy Identification using Critical-pair Paths)를 제시한다. 조합 논리회로에서의 시험 불가능 결합은 회로의 과잉(redundancy)에 의해서 발생한다. 회로의 과잉은 팬 아웃 스템(fanout stem)과 재결집 게이트(reconvergent gate)의 영역을 분석함으로서 찾을 수 있다. 시험 불가능한 결함들은 임계 경로의 확장된 개념인 임계-쌍 경로를 이용하여 스템 영역을 분석함으로써 확인되어진다. RICP 알고리즘이 FIRE(Fault Independent REdundancy identification) 알고리즘보다 효율적이라는 것을 보여준다. ISCAS85 벤치마크 테스트 회로에 대한 두 알고리즘의 실험 결과를 비교하였다 This paper presents a new algorithm RICP(Redundancy Identification using Critical-pair Paths) to identify untestable faults in combinational logic circuits. In a combinational logic circuit, untestable faults occurred by redundancy of circuits. The redundancy of a circuit can be detected by analyzing areas of fanout stem and reconvergent gates. The untestable faults are identified by analyzing stem area using Critical-Pair path which is an extended concept of critical path. It is showed that RICP is better than FIRE(Fault Independent REdundancy identification) algorithm in efficiency. The performance of both algorithms was compared using ISCAS85 bench mark testing circuits.

      • KCI등재

        Effects of Resistance Training and Aerobic Exercise on Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Korean Adolescents: A Controlled Randomized Trial

        서성환,정인경,김미연,김연수,신수,김순신,김재현 대한당뇨병학회 2011 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.35 No.4

        Background: Data on the impact of resistance training on insulin resistance in overweight or obese children are inconclusive. Methods: Thirty overweight South Korean adolescents (mean age of 13.10 years) were divided by sex, and then randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups, which were the diet only (DO), diet with aerobic exercise (AE), or diet with resistance training (RT) group. Physiologic and metabolic parameters were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of exercise training and diet modification. Results: Both exercise groups (aerobic and resistance) showed significant improvements in their insulin area under the curve and insulin sensitivity index values when compared to their baseline values while the DO group showed no significant changes in these variables. Age-, sex-, and body mass index (BMI)-adjusted intergroup comparison analyses showed a marked reduction in BMI and a significant reduction in muscle mass in the AE group when compared to the RT group and the DO group, respectively. Conclusion: A 12-week exercise training program of either resistance or aerobic activity improved insulin sensitivity in overweight adolescents, although it failed to show superiority over a DO program. Aerobic exercise decreased both body weight and BMI, and it was noted that this group also had a significant reduction in muscle mass when compared to the DO group.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        혼합 $H_{\infty}$ 최적화 기법을 이용한 견실 $H_{\infty}$ 증기발생기 수위제어기 설계

        서성환,조희수,박홍배 제어·로봇·시스템학회 1999 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.5 No.3

        In this paper, we design the robust $H_{\infty}$ controller for water level control of steam generator using a mixed $H_{\infty}$ optimization with model-matching method. Firstly we choose the desired model which has good disturbance rejection performance. Secondly we design a stabilizing controller to keep the model-matching error small and also provide sufficiently large stability margin against additive perturbations of the nominal plant. Simulation results show that proposed robust $H_{\infty}$ controller at specific power operation has satisfactory performances against the variations of load power, steam flow rate, primary circuit coolant temperature, and feedwater temperature. It can be also observed that the proposed robust $H_{\infty}$ controller exhibits better robust stability than conventional PI controller.

      • KCI등재

        Glucocorticoid-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: An Important but Overlooked Problem

        서성환,박미경 대한내분비학회 2017 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.32 No.2

        Glucocorticoids are widely used as potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs to treat a wide range of diseases. However, they are also associated with a number of side effects, including new-onset hyperglycemia in patients without a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) or severely uncontrolled hyperglycemia in patients with known DM. Glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus (GIDM) is a common and potentially harmful problem in clinical practice, affecting almost all medical specialties, but is often difficult to detect in clinical settings. However, scientific evidence is lacking regarding the effects of GIDM, as well as strategies for prevention and treatment. Similarly to nonsteroid-related DM, the principles of early detection and risk factor modification apply. Screening for GIDM should be considered in all patients treated with medium to high doses of glucocorticoids. Challenges in the management of GIDM stem from wide fluctuations in postprandial hyperglycemia and the lack of clearly defined treatment protocols. Together with lifestyle measures, hypoglycemic drugs with insulin-sensitizing effects are indicated. However, insulin therapy is often unavoidable, to the point that insulin can be considered the drug of choice. The treatment of GIDM should take into account the degree and pattern of hyperglycemia, as well as the type, dose, and schedule of glucocorticoid used. Moreover, it is essential to instruct the patient and/or the patient’s family about how to perform the necessary adjustments. Prospective studies are needed to answer the remaining questions regarding GIDM.

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