敎師學生間의 人間關係改善을 위한 硏究 : 교사학생간의 인간관계개선을 위한 연구

장혁표 釜山大學校 1972 論文集 Vol.14 No.1

離婚家庭 靑少年을 위한 仲裁프로그램의 開發

張赫杓,李成海,金得星 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 1987 교사교육연구 Vol.15 No.-

The divorce rates are increasing and children of divorced parents are exposed to various social, phychological problems compared to those children living together with their own parents. The main purpose of this research project lies in developing intervention programs for counseling children of families having divorced parents. The study is mainly composed of two parts. The first part deals with the investigation of psychological characteristics of children of divorce-parents families. The second part documents the effect and actual status of intervention programs for counseling those children of divorce-parents families in order to reduce the level of negative psychological features(such as anxiety, aggression, depression, self-esteem and achievement motivation). A total of 1,082 middle school students from 11 boy's middle schools and 7 girl's middle schools are the object of the survey research of the first part of the research project. In this sample are included 605 students of normal family(362 boys and 243 girls), 256 families with one or both parents deceased(159 boys and 97 girls) and 221 students of divorce-parents families(140 boys and 81 girls). In the second part of the research, we provided intervention programs for counseling children of divorce-parents families. A total of 15 students (7 boys and 8 girls) participated in this program in which every student was given two intervention sessions in a four-night-five-day schedule. This intervention program consists of 15 stages and is characteristic of a group counseling program. All of the 15 students participating in this intervention program were given guestionnaires measuring levels of children's attitudes and self-perception(CASP) on divorce before and after the intervention program activity, this trying to figure out whether there were any significant differences in their CASP between before and after the program. One of the findings were there were some differences between boy students an girl students. For boy students, it was found that there are significant differences between before and after the program with the exception of anxiety, aggression, social self-esteem and family self-esteem. For girl students, there existed significant differences except family self-esteem. Judging from these findings it is concluded that the intervention program developed for this research works effective as we originally designed to work. However, further researches should be done in order to elaborate the reasons of the differences between boy and girl students.

大學生의 性格特性과 그 指導對策

張赫杓 釜山大學校 學生生活硏究所 1979 硏究報 Vol.15 No.1

The present researech was aimed at testing the personality characteristics and measuring the distribution of total tendency among members in Freshman. A 350-item personality factor questionnaire administered to them for our purpose. The results appeared as follows: 1) In descriptive scales, analyses of scores indicated they were above average of standard in mental health. According to average percentile, the order of articles was Superiority(65.8), Emotional Stability(61.7), Sociability(60.8) Masculinlty957.8), Flectiveniss(56.2), Dominance(53.3), Conformity(50.2) and Impulsiveness(43.0). 2) In clinical scales, analyses of scores indicated they were below average of standard in Psychopathological tendency. The order was Nervousness(45.0), Autism943.4), Depresson(43.1), Anxiety(41.9), Paranoid tendency(41.4). The number of student whose score stand high level above 75%ile per each article was 109 persons(4.8%). In order to guide them effectively, some propositions are presented. 1) IN HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION, the affective domain of education be reinforced and reformed in humanity. 2) IN UNIVERSITY, all people should try to establish of a good relationship between, professor and students. 3) STUDENT GUIDENCE CENTER, should provide them with variable plans, functions and acts. (individual, group counseling, role-play, psycho-drama, etc.)

精神分析的 集團相談의 考察

張赫杓 釜山大學校 學生生活硏究所 1979 硏究報 Vol.15 No.1

According to the pychoanalytic theory, most of psychotheraputical problems comes from lack of true insight of the problems, inadequate identity of oneself, and misunderstanding of the meaning of his life. As an effective and economic theraputic technique to solve such conflicting problems, a group counselling technigue was discussed. We as a mumber of social group that lead their live interacting each other, must have good human relationship with other people. To have good relationship, we should have frequent social contact and interaction. As a way of such efforts, group counselling was proposed. Group counselling is an effort to help an individual to unders and himself as it is through unreserved and sincere dialogue with other members of the group. There are various ways of counselling according to their counselling processes and theoretical foundations; psychoanalytical approaches, T-groups and the Laboratory approaches to sensitivity traning, self-theory and Gestalt encounter group. Transactional analysis in group, Behavioral counselling in group. However, in this paper the discussion was limited to the psychoanalytic approach Psychoanalytic approach to group counselling is based on the psychoanalytic theory of personality, that is the structual assumption concerning human personality and the dynamical understanding of the various maladjusted human behavior. Through counselling processes, the unconsciously repressed hidden needs are brought out into his conscious world and are interpreted in terms of antececedent causes. This selfconsciousness that is, self-knowledge leads to a reconstruction of the personality. In group counselling, the participants themselves create some cues by which the patient can elicit such a response as freeassociation. Moreover, the interacting relationships among the participants in group counselling may shed light on the shaded problem facing the patient. It also make visible manifestation and interpretation of the repressed experience seated deep in subconsciousness under the guise of transference and countertransference. Through this process, one of the most profound consequences is the rebridge of the gap between the past and present, bring about a new readjustment. Of course even in this group analytic procedure in some cases heterogeneous group in group composition are desirable and alternate session or combined treatment is required. However, some considerations must be taken before the application of technique. It is not a compensatory technique for the individual counselling in group session and this technique needs more deep analytic training and more limited in time compared with those technique based on social psychological theory. Beside that, it is difficult to applied to school counselling . Accordingly, it is nothing but an individual analysis in group session.

大學生의 價値觀 調査 : A Preparatory investigation to be made of the students of Pusan National University

張赫杓 부산대학교 학생생활연구소 1969 硏究報 Vol.5 No.1

The investigation is based on the Questionaire made out by The Educational Problems Research Center of Joong-Ang University for the purpose of obtaining the milestones and blueprint through which the Korean Youths of tomorrow will hold themselves responsible for the future of their fatherland by analyzing the inclination of the Korean students according to the criterior prepared by the above Center alone. The material is merely a part (confined to the students of Pusan National University) of what the same Center has collected and is still collecting on the basis of which the writer has made the following investigation. Of 150 students, 50 are cultural, 50 social and the rest natural. The Questionaire has 27 items with 97 answers to be chosen freely by the investigated, and percentage was applied to the frequency of their answers chosen, taking into consideration what were particulary worth recording in the above-mentioned three fields cultural, social and natural which were all compared by that ratio. What they were most interested in is the item of family plan "I shall be satsfied with three children male or female." showing 85%. The item, "I will be elect as President such a man as has the spirit of sacrificing even a bit of himselef as a pioneer to contribute convincingly to expansion of his country" is 8%. The item of the world and humanity in the future in which they took the least in terest by 1% is "Everytbing is unin tereting. I am dying to fly away somewhere." And the last item is also 1%, which is "I feel that our country is destined not to be developed at all," said standing before the landscape of a farm in the evening twillight. To show the difference between major subjects, in the item of preservation of the purity of art it is found that compared with those of cultural and soccial science the students of natural science more strongly on that preservation. And while there is no class, to make up for it, the students of culture take greater interest in the lecture on science. As for the field of social science, there is nothing worth mentioning specially. The general tendency is that they are more concerned with the matter of economy than with that of theory, aesthetics and society, laying stress on the realities than on what is social and religious.

상담에서의 윤리적 문제 : 상담자 자질, 비밀보장, 이중역할관계를 중심으로

장혁표 釜山大學校 師範大學 1999 교사교육연구 Vol.38 No.-

The purpose of this article was to discuss some crucial ethical issues in counseling and provide basic ethical guidelines regarding what counselors should do in order to counsel clients in a ethically sensitive manner. This paper focused upon three important aspects of counseling ethics: counselor competence, confidentiality, and dual role relationship. Counselors practice only within the boundaries of their competence, based on their education, training, supervised experience, professional credentials, and appropriate professional experience. Counselors respect their clients' right to privacy and avoid illegal and unwarranted disclosure of confidential information. The general requirement that counselors keep information confidential does not apply when disclosure is required to prevent clear and imminent danger to the client or others or when legal requirements demand that confidential information be revealed, Counselors are aware of their influential positions with respect to clients, and they avoid exploiting the trust and dependency of clients. Counselors make every effort to avoid dual relationships with clients that could impair professional judgement or increase the risk of harm to clients. Counselors do not have any type of sexual intimacies with clients and do not counsel persons with whom they have had a sexual relationship. Counselors do not have engage in sexual intimacies with former clients within a minimum of two years after terminating the counseling relationship. Ethical codes and standards provide some guidelines on "right" or "wrong" behavior of counselors. Codes of ethics are helpful but they do not solve individual problems. The acquisition of ethical knowledge is a necessary prerequisite for dealing with ethical problems, and this could be achieved through systematic training of counseling ethics.

認知樣式과 職業的 與味에 관한 硏究

張赫杓 釜山大學校 學生生活硏究所 1980 硏究報 Vol.16 No.1

써클活動의 重要性과 그 指導方向

張赫杓 부산대학교 학생생활연구소 1983 硏究報 Vol.19 No.1

The club activities for college students aimed to expand their intellectual experiences to provide various opportunity for their interpersonal relationships each other. Since club activities have been emphasized on more affective behaviors in education which is not included in the regular school curricula, they take an important role as a coorperative educational curriculum. Accordingly, club activities in school may compensate and facilitate the regular school activities, but when they adversely function they might be a thawrting factor for students' healthy personality development. Club activities in college should be organized and run on the basis of the following distinctive purporsed with emphasis on student's spontaneity. 1) The club activities should be based on educationally valuable goals. 2) The contents of club activities formed according to student's personal and local(envirommental) characteristics should be helpfull for carrying on the regular school curricula. 3) The activities of a club should provide club members with meeting their needs, so that they can participate in the club actively. 4) The quality level of club activities should be heighten by the guidance of experts on special activity area and/or a club adviser who is a professor. However, many a club in college do not have distinctive purposes, but promoting friendship only. It should be improved for effective club activities. In modern social life students need to experience the deepist ties with others and they can have an opportunity to practice it through the club activities, in which include distinctve objectives, intensive plannings, active participation, and exact implementation, so that it could be helpful for their self-growth. Accordingly, a professor, as a club adviser, should fully understand club members each, respect them with a democratic attitude, and take a role a companion who helps to find a meaning of life. With all these respects, club activities in college will truely have an educational significance.

人間과 삶과 共同體

張赫杓 한국지역사회연구소 1994 지역사회 Vol.17 No.-

우리나라 청소년운동의 역사적 고찰

장혁표 釜山大學校 師範大學 1998 교사교육연구 Vol.35 No.-

Korean youth movement has a long history. Broadly speaking, this movement has been a patriotic activity for nation playing a decisive role in a turning point in history. Hardly can this sort of spirit be seen in today's youth. Even though youth movement has to be changed and adapted with the changes of the times, the prototype is imbeded in the thought indigenous to Korea. The purpose of this paper is to review the history of Korean youth movement and to find the implication for today's youth movement. The spirit of the Korean youth movement has beed developed on the foundation of the idea native to Korea. Especially, since Tangun, the foundation father of Korean nation, the idea 'devotion to the welfare of mankind' and loyalty and filial piety of an elite youth in Silla dynasty has been a major base on establishing the national independence. The unification of three nations in Silla dynasty, the Sambyulcho movement in Koryo dynasty, and the camouflaged troops m Chosun dynasty are all the realization of the spirit of loyalty and filial piety. This spirit was succeeded to the save-the-nation drive against the invasion of foreign countries in the late of Chosun dynasty and independent movement under the rule of Japanese imperialism. However, The present state of Korean youth culture does not go well with, even far away from this traditional value. It require to make an effort to guide today's youth movement into the sound culture based on mutual trust among members in society. The effort can make it possible to inspire patriotism, loyalty and filial piety into the hearts of youth, consequently following the Korean traditional spirit.