http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
알츠하이머병에서 APOE e4 유전형과 인지기능, 뇌 부피, 당 대사량 그리고 뇌 아밀로이드 침착과의 연관성
윤원배,이영민,박제민,이병대,문은수,서화규,김경원,김유준,이현지,김학진,박경준,최경운 대한노인정신의학회 2023 노인정신의학 Vol.27 No.1
Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) e4 genotype with cognition, brain volume, glucose metabolism, and amyloid deposition in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: This is cross-sectional study of 69 subjects with AD. All subjects were divided into carriers and non-carriers of the e4 allele. Forty APOE e4 carriers and 29 APOE e4 non-carriers underwent neuropsychological, structural magnetic resonance imaging, [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scans (PET) and [18F]florbetaben amyloid PET. Analysis of covariance was conducted to compare the differences on cognition, brain volume, glucose metabolism and amyloid deposition between APOE e4 carriers and non-carriers after controlling demographics. Results: APOE e4 carriers had 50% lower scores of Seoul Verbal Learning Test (delayed recall) compared to non-carriers (0.88±1.65 vs. 1.76±1.75, p<0.05). However, APOE e4 carriers performed better on other cognitive tests than non-carriers (Korean version of Boston Naming Test [11.04±2.55 vs. 9.66±2.82, p<0.05], Rey Complex Figure Test [25.73±8.56 vs. 20.15±10.82, p<0.05], and Stroop test [color response] [48.28±26.33 vs. 31.56±27.03, p<0.05]). APOE e4 carriers had slightly smaller hippocampal volume than non-carriers (3.09±0.38 vs. 3.32±0.38, p<0.05), but greater total brain cortical thickness (1.45±1.55 vs. 1.37±1.24, p<0.05). Amyloid deposition did not differ significantly between APOE e4 carriers and non-carriers, and no significant difference in glucose metabolism was found between groups. Conclusion: We found that APOE e4 genotype is associated with cognition, brain volume in AD, suggesting that APOE e4 genotype could play an important role in the underlying pathogenesis of AD.
尹源培 숙명여자대학교 경제연구소 1984 論文集 Vol.13 No.-
Disequilibrium hypothesis is tested by estimating the structural equations for the U.S.A. loan market in the context of the newly developed disequilibrium econometric model. The hypothesis that the loan market is, on the average, in the disequilibrium state is accepted on a time series which includes commercial and industrial loans outsanding of U.S.A. An important finding is that the downward adjustment speed is faster than the upward adjustment speed. The implication may be that the economy, when faced with loan market disequilibrium, responds more rapidly to monetary contraction than to monetary expansion. In connection wtih credit rationing, if we consider the money market to be imperfectly competifive or oligopolistic, i.e., banks are price setters, then we can say that the banks adjust the interest rate upward more slowly than downward for two reasons: the possibility of increasing default of firms which can cause a loss to banks. and the high disequilibrium cost for banks in case of excess supply.
윤원배 淑明女子大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.33 No.-
We may derive a conclusion that the factors causing inflation in Korea are numerous and complex when we examine the movement of the macroeconomic variables. The result just reconfirms the established fact. The causes and cures of inflation are established theoretical1w and empirically. Korean inflation is not unique. This means that we should follow the cures which have been suggested by many econmists for a long period of time. Inflation is a phenomenon developed when demand excesses supply. For the cure of inflation. a tight monetary and fiscal policy which can remove excess demand should be enforced consistantly. In a way, we need a stuructural change as a cure of inflation. When we analyse a structural cause of inflation in Korea, we can find that in every sector of our economy there exists disequilibrium which arises due to the stuructural rigidity of our economy. Where money and interest rates are controlled almost directly as in Korea, there is no efficient way of allocating scarce resources. Korean financial resources are rationed artificially at a low official interest rate. In this situation. every sector shows a different rate of growth and different speed of development. As a result, the price in a bottlenecked sector starts to rise and this affects the other sectors' prices. This fact suggests that for the ease of inflation we need to activate the price mechanism through the deregulation on interest rates.