보격장치 Space Maintainer

손흥규,김순주,하대송,이명숙,배찬주 대한치과의사협회 1985 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.23 No.1

NaF가 법랑질 재광화와 탈회에 미치는 효과

윤숭철,손흥규 大韓小兒齒科學會 1995 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.22 No.2

An use of fluoride is one of the most effective method for caries prevention, however, the definite mechanism of caries prevention by fluoride has not yet been clarified. Recently the effect of fluoride in physicochemical process of dilution of hydroxyapatite has been argued whether it is caused by firmly bound fluoride lie fluoroapatite or by fluoride ion adsorbed onto the surface or by the fluoride ion solution. So the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of fluoride in soluble state on the degree of enamel remineralization and the effect of fluoride contained in enamel like fluoridated hydroxyapatite and free fluoride ion diluted in solution on prevention for enamel demineralization. Enamel powder from the bovine teeth with constant particle size (diameter 106∼150㎛) was used. The degree of remineralization was observed from recording the ?? concentration changes in solution with ?? electrode for 90 minutes during the inducing process of crystalinization by mechanically stirring under remineralization buffer solutions gaving four group of different NaF concentration(0,??,??,??) with pH 7.2 and containing 1.0mM CaCl₂ and 7.5mM KH₂PO₄. And also, the amount of fluoride incorporated to the crystal during the remineralization process with ?? electrodes was measured. The amount of dilution of enamel by recording the output of ?? into the solution with ?? electrodes for 70 miniutes during the demineralization process in the 0.1 M lactic acid buffered solution with four groups of different NaF concentration(0,??,??,??) with pH 4.5 was observed. And previous remineralized enamel powder from four groups of different NaF concentration was demineralized without the addition of fluoride in 0.1M latic acid buffered solution with pH 4.5 and the output of ?? with ?? eletrode was continuously recorded for 70 minutes. And results were 1) as the concentration of fluoride in the solution increased, the degree of remineralization of enamel powder increased, 2) as the concentration of fluoride in solution increased, the amount of demineralization of enamel powder decreased, 3) the small amount of fluoride bound to crystals as fluroapatite during enamel remineralization did not affect the process of demineralization, 4) the fluoride diluted in solution slowly reacted in the process of remineralization of enamel powder, and immediately in the process of demineralization. From the above results, fluoride is more effective on enamel demineralization as the state of diluted in solution than as the state of fluoroapatite. So for the effective use of fluoride, to maintain low concentration of free fluoride ion in oral fluid by slow flouride releasing device is advisable.

소아치과 영역에서의 치수치료

孫興奎 臨床醫學社 1987 臨床醫學 Vol.1987 No.7

Papilloma 에 관한 증례보고

이종갑,최병재,김종태,손흥규 大韓小兒齒科學會 1995 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.22 No.2

The squamous papilloma is a relatively common benign neoplasm that arises from the surface epithelium. It is typically an exophytic lesion whose surface may vary cauliflower-like to fingerlike in appearance, and while generally being a pedunculated lesion, it may arise from a sessile base. The most common sites of occurrence appear to be on the tongue and palatal complex, followed by the buccal mucosa, gingiva, and lips. It is also can be seen with some frequency on the alveolar ridge, floor of the mouth, and retromolar pad regions. Histologically, the papilloma is seen as a proliferation of the spinous cell layer in a papillary pattern often accompanies gyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and spinous cell layer in a papillary pattern often acconpanies hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and basilar hyperplasia. Mitotic figures also may be prominent. The supporting fibrous connective-tissue stroma often contains prominent numbers of small blood vessels as well as an inflammatory cell infiltrate. The cause of papilloma is not well known, but suggested that chronic inflammatory irritation, mechanical irritation, and viral infection may be the causes. Recently association with papillomavirus is studied by morphological study, immuno-histochemistry, and DNA hybridization. These three cases were recovered by surgial excision without recurrence. By immunohistochemistry, Case 1 and Case 3 showed positive reaction to HPV antigen.

REATTACHMENT OF ANTERIOR TOOTH FRAGMENT USING THE VISIBLE-LIGHT CURED COMPOSITE RESIN:=CASE REPORT=

최형준,이종갑,손흥규 大韓小兒齒科學會 1990 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

전치부의 외상은 아동기나 청소년기에 호발하고 있다. 특히 전치부의 파절은 uncomplicated crown fracture 와 complicated crown fracture로 나눌 수 있으며 법랑질, 상아질, 치수를 포함하는 파절인 complicated crown fracture 는 치수노출로 인한 동통, 외부의 열자극과 저작시 감수성이 민감한 반응을 보이게 된다. 그러므로 복합성 치관파절의 치료는 먼저 손상받은 치수의 처치를 하고 다음으로 심미적인 수복이 치료의 목적이 된다. 손상받은 치수의 처치로는 손상받은 후 경과시간, 손상받은 장소, 손상의 정도, 손상받은 아동의 나이등을 고려하여 치수복조, 치수절단술, 치수 절제술, 근단 형성술등을 시행되어야 한다. 전치부의 수복으로는 산부식 레진, 교점용 band, chrom steel관등을 생각해 볼 수 있으며 심미적인 문제를 고려해 볼때 현재 임시적 산부식 레진이 가장 많이 선택되고 또한 시행되고 있는 술식이며 만일 치아 파절편이 있다면은 치아 파절편의 재부착도 여러가지 장점을 갖도 시행하여 볼 수가 있다.

RUBBER BAND에 의한 정중이개 치료의 실패예

우현정,이종갑,손흥규 大韓小兒齒科學會 1990 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

상악 중절치 정중이개 치료시에는 환자의 연령과 상태를 고려하여 치료 필요 여부를 결정해야한다. 또한 다양한 치료법이 있으므로 가장 환자에 맞는 적절한 치료법을 선택해야 한다. 잘못된 정중이개 치료로 인해 치아에 큰 손상을 가져온 증례를 관찰하여 다소의 지견을 얻었기에 이에 보고하는 바이다.

Ⅰ. 발치공간 확보문제

손흥규 대한치과의사협회 1992 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.30 No.6

광중합 Glass lonomer Cement의 결합 강도에 대한 실험적 연구

김보혜,손흥규 大韓小兒齒科學會 1993 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.20 No.2

The purpose of study was to compare bond strength of Light-cured Glass Ionomer Cement with those of Chemically-cured Glass Ionomer Cement and Composite Resin to enamel and dentin surface. Each extracted molars, the buccal surfaces of which were flattened, were divided into two groups, so that 40 teeth their enamel exposed and the other 40 had their dentin exposed. The materials used were: 1) FujiⅡ LC(Light-cured Glass Ionomer Cement) 2) FujiⅡ&Shofu G.I typeⅡ(Chemically-cured Glass Iomomer Cement) 3) Silux Plus(Composite Resin) Each of the materials was applied to the exposed surface of 10 teeth by insertion into a cylindericalshaped matrix which is 3mm diameter and 2mm in height. The completed specimens were stored at 37。c under 100% humidity for 24 hours: then the shear bond strength of each material to enamel and dentin surface were measured with Instron universal testing machine. The following results were obtained: 1. Bond strength to enamel surface increased in order of Shofu G.I typeⅡ, FujiⅡ, FujiⅡLC, and Silux Plus. Statistical significance was obserbed except for Shofu G.I typeⅡ and FujiⅡ, which are chemically-cured materials(p<0.01). 2. Bond strenght to dentin surface increased in order of Shofu G.I typeⅡ, FujiⅡ, Silux Plus, FujiⅡLC. There was statistical significance(p<0.05). 3. Bond strength to enamel surface was greater than that to dentin. There was statistical significance(p<0.01). From such results, it can be concluded that when Glass Ionomer Cement is used for esthetic restoration, light-cured type, which has greater bond strenth to tooth structure, is preferred to chemically-cured type.

치아의 견인을 위한 버튼 접착시 오염이 인장강도에 미치는 영향

최병재,김성오,이제호,손흥규 大韓小兒齒科學會 1998 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.25 No.2

We already know that it is very difficult to obtain an 'isolated field' for direct bonding during the surgical exposure of unerupted teeth. The aim of this in-vitro study is to simulate the clinical situation of forced eruption and to evaluate the tensile strengths of preligatured button with several types of contamination which can happen during the surgical exposure of unerupted teeth. Four orthodontic direct bonding systems were used. (Ortho-One, Rely-a-Bond, Ortho-Two, PhaseⅡ) Each material was divided into four groups(n=20) : Group 1. (Control, no contamination), Group 2. (Rinse etching agent with saline instead of water), Group 3. (Blood contamination of etched surface for 30 seconds), Group 4. (Blood contamination of primed surface for 30 seconds) 320 bovine anterior permanent teeth were divided into the above mentioned 16 groups. Enamel surface was flattened and ground under water coolant. Pre-ligatured buttons were prepared to the same form. (Cut 0.25 ligature wire 10 cm in length. Twist the ligature wire 30 times clockwise. Mark the wire 15mm and 35mm points from button. Make a loop sticking two points together and twist the loop 6 times counterclockwise.) The bonded specimens were stored at 37℃ saline solution for 3 days. then the tensile strength of each sample was measured with Instron universal testing machine, crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min. the following results were obtained : 1. As compared to control groups (Group 1) of each material, Rely-a-Bond had a significantly lower mean tensile strengths than other material. (p<0.01) 2. In Group 2. of Ortho-One and Rely-a-Bond, the mean tensile strengths decreased about 7.7% and 11.1%, respectively with statistical significances. (p<0.05) 3. In Group 2. of Ortho-Two and PhaseⅡ, the mean tensile strengths did not decrease. 4. In Group 3. of Ortho-One, Rely-a-Bond, Ortho-Two, and PhaseⅡ, the mean tensile strengths decreased about 60.8%, 56.1%, 60.2%, and 46.0%, respectively with statistical significances. (p<0.01) 5. In Group 4. of Ortho-One and Rely-a-Bond, the mean tensile strengths did not decrease. 6. In Group 4. of Ortho-Two and PhaseⅡ, the mean tensile strengths were decreased about 20.95% and 22.28%, respectively with statistical significances. (p<0.01) There were formations of a hump shaped mass from bonding resin under blood contamination which disturbed direct bonding procedure. According to Reynolds, the proper bond strength for clinical manipulation should be at least 45N or about 4.5Kg.F. According to these results, it can be concluded that Ortho-One could be used during surgical exposure of unerupted teeth. In any case, blood contamination of the etched surface should be avoided, but the blood contamination of primed surface of Ortho-One may not decrease bond strength. Just 'blowing-out' is enough to remove blood from primed surface of Ortho-One. You can verify the clean surface of the primer of Ortho-One after blowing out the blood contamination.

흰쥐 악하선 세포에서 gap junction 봉쇄제인 octanol이 타액분비 및 세포내 Ca²+ 농도 조절에 미치는 영향

이승일,서정택,이종갑,이주석,손흥규 大韓小兒齒科學會 1999 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.26 No.2

세포내 유리칼슘(free calcium. Ca²+)은 세균에서 고등동물에 이르기까지 거의 모든 세포에서 세포 고유작용을 조절하는 중요한 세포내 신호전달체계(signal transduction system)의 매개체이다. 타액선 세포에서 부교감 신경 자극으로 타액분비가 증가될 때에도 세포내 Ca²+ 농도 증가가 가장 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 췌장(pancreas)의 경우 세포내 Ca²+ 이외에도 인접세포를 전기적, 화학적으로 연결해주는 gap junction이 외분비 기능을 직접적으로 조절할 가능설이 제시되었다. 타액선 세포에서도 세포막에 고농도의 gap junction이 존재하고 있으며, gap junction을 통해 인접세포들이 전기적, 화학적으로 연계되어 있어 gap junction이 타액선 세포의 기능을 직접적으로 조절할 가능성을 내포하고 있다. 따라서 gap junction이 타액선의 타액분비 작용에도 중요한 역할을 하며 이러한 작용이 세포내Ca²+ 농도를 조절하여 이루어질 것이라는 가정하에 이를 확인하는 실험을 시행하였다. 흰쥐 악하선에서 유리되는 타액양을 측정하기 위해서 악하선으로 혈액을 공급하는 동맥에 가는 관을 삽입하여 생리 식염수를 관류하면서 타액선관을 통해 타액을 채취하였다. 세포내Ca²+ 농도는 분리한 악하선 acini 내에Ca²+ 농도 변화에 민감하게 반응하는 형광물질인 fura-2를 축적시키고 형광 분석기를 사용하여 형광강도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. CCh 투여로 타액 분비가 증가하였을 때 gap junction을 봉쇄하는 약물인 octanol(1 mM)을 투여하면 타액분비가 봉쇄되었으며 이는 가역적 반응이었다. 2. CCh 투여로 세포내 Ca²+ 농도가 증가하였을 때 1mM octanol을 투여하면 세포내 Ca²+농 도가 CCh 투여전의 상태로 감소되었다. 3. Octanol은 CCh에 의하여 유발된 초기Ca²+ 증가를 억제하지는 못한 반면에 후기 vvvvv 농도를 감소시켰다. 4. 세포막 Ca²+ 통로를 열어주는 약물인 thapsigarain(1μM)을 투여하여 세포내Ca²+ 농도를 증가시킨 후 1mM octanol을 투여하면 세포내 Ca²+ 농도가 thapsigarain 투여 전의 상태로 감소하였다. 5. 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1, 4-benzohydroquinone (TBQ)의 투여로 세포막을 통한 Ca²+농도의 주기적 변동인Ca²+ 의 oscillation이 유발되었는데, 이때 1mM octanol을 투여한 경우에 Ca²+ 농도의 oscillation이 정지하여 역시 gap juncion을 봉쇄하면 TBQ에 의해서 유발된 세포내 Ca²+ 농도의 주기적 변동이 사라지고 Ca²+ 농도의 감소가 나타남을 확인하였다. 6. Gap junction을 봉쇄하는 또 다른 약물인 glycyrrhetinic acid(100μM)도 CCh 자극으로 인한 타액분비를 억제하였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 gap junction은 흰쥐 악하선 세포로부터의 타액분비 조절에 중요한 역할을 하는 이는 gap junction이 세포막 Ca²+ 통로를 조절함으로써 수용체 자극으로 유발된 세포내 농도 변화에 영향을 미친 결과인 것으로 추측된다. From bacteria to mammalian cells, one of the most important mediators of intracellular signal transduction mechanisms which regulate a variety of intracellular processes is free calcium. In salivary acinar cells, elevation of intracellular calcium concentration ( 〔Ca²+〕 ) is essential for the salivary secretion induced by parasympathetic stimulation. However, in addition to〔Ca²+〕, gap junctions which couple individual cells electrically and chemically have also been reported to regulate enzyme secretion in pancreatic acinar cells. Since the plasma membrane of salivary acinar cells has a high density of gap junctions, and these cells are electrically and chemically coupled with each other, gap junctions may modulate the secretory function of salivary glands. In this reapect, I planned to investigate the role of gap junctions in the modulation of salivary secretion and 〔Ca²+〕 using mandibular salivary glands of rats. In order to measure the salivary flow rate, fluid was collected from the cannulated duct of the isolated perfused rat mandibular glands at 2 min intervals.〔Ca²+〕 was measured form the cells loaded with fura-2 by spectrofluorometry. The results obtained were as follows : 1. CCh-induced salivary secretion was reversibly inhibited by 1 mM octanol, a gap junction blocker. 2. CCh-induced increase in 〔Ca²+ 〕was also reversed by the applocation of 1 mM octanol. 3. Octanol did not block the initial increase in 〔Ca²+〕 caused by CCh, which suggested that the reduction of〔Ca²+〕 caused by gap junction blockade was not resulted from the inhibition of Ca²+ release from intracellular Ca²+ stores. 4. Addition of octanol during stimulation with 1μM thapsigargin, a potent microsomal ATPase inhibitor, reduced 〔Ca²+ 〕to the basal level. This suggested that inhibition of gap junction permeability closed plasma membrane Ca²+ channels. 5. 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1, 4-benzohydroquinone (TBQ) generated 〔Ca²+ 〕oscillations resulting from periodic influx of Ca²+ via plasma membrane. The TBQ-induced〔Ca²+ 〕 oscillations were stopped by the application of 1mM octanol which implicated that gap junctions modulate the permeability of plasma membrane Ca²+ channels. 6. Glycyrrhetinic acid, another well known gap junction blocker, also inhibited CCh-induced salivary secretion from rat mandibular glands. These results suggested that gap junctions play an important role in the modulation of fluid secretion from the fat mandibular glands and this was probably due to the inhibition ofCa²+ influx through the plasma membrane Ca²+ channels.