製紙슬러지와 연탄재가 들잔디의 生育에 미치는 影響

具滋馨,金泰日,安周源,金文圭 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1992 농업과학연구 Vol.19 No.2

To investigate the potential of paper mill sludge and briquet ash as cultural media in turfgrass, zoysiagrass was grown in the mixtures prepared with paper mill sludge and briquet ash. The mixtures were consisted of sludge and briquet ash in the ratio by volume 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 in the order. To compare the growth responses, some plants were grown in the medium containing sand(3), field soil(1) and peatmoss (l) by volume anti regarded as control. l. Activated sludge mixed with sand increased plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight more than 1.5-2.0 times compared to those of the control. The highest plant growth was shown in mixtures containing 67% activated sludge. 2. Plant density per 100㎠ and chlorophyll content were higher in all mixtures containing activated sludge than control. 3. The growth of zoysiagrass was reduced along with the increase of non- activated sludge ratio, but no difference was found in chlorophyll content. 4. Plant height, fresh weight and dry weight were greater in activated sludge combined with Sand compared to the briquet ash mixtures, but the difference of shoot density between two mixtures was not shown. 5. Even though non-activated sludge appeared not to be appropriate to the growth of seedlings, the number of tillers of plant propagated with rhizome was more increased compared to control when briquet ash content was less than 75%.

건축공간의 위상기하학적 해석방법에 관한 연구

구자형,정량부 대한건축학회지회연합회 2001 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.3 No.3

한국잔디종자의 발아촉진을 위한 Sodium Hypochlorite와 Potassium Hydroxide 처리효과의 비교

구자형,원동찬,김태일 한국잔디학회 1988 한국잔디학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Research was conducted to obtain easy and secure methods for promoting germination of Korean lawngrass (Zoysia japonic a Steud.) seed. The effect of sodium hypochiorite (NaOCl) treatment on germination of seeds was compared with that of potassium hydroxide (KOH) treatment under conditions of duration of seed storage after harvest and temperature of treatment. Emergence of seedlings from soil and micro-flora infection rate among seed treatments were investigated. 1. The promotion of germination was much more evident in seeds treated with 4% NaOCl for 8 and 10 hours than in seeds treated with 25% or 30% KOH for 30 and 40 minutes. Longer durations of storage before seed treatment in KOH than in NaOCl were required to initiate enough germination. 2. Differences in temperature of treatment with NaOCT did not have much influence on germination of seeds and treatment temperature of 15˚C was better than that of 200˚C and 300˚C for promoting germination. But seed treatment with KOH significantly promoted germination with increasing temperature of treatment from I 5˚C to 20˚C and 30˚C. 3. GA$_3$ treatment enhanced germination in NaOCl-pretreated seeds at early stage of imbibition and in-creased about 10% germination after 10 days of imbibition in KOH-pretreated seeds. 4. NaOC1 treatments significantly decreased the rate of the infection of microflora in seed samples and enhaced emergence of seedlings from soil compared with KOH treatment. 5. NaOC1 treatment had advantage over KOH treatment with respect to ease of preparing, securing and handling in stimulating germinating of Korean lawngrass seeds.

Zoysiagrass 종자 발아에 미치는 Sodium Hypochlorite의 종피처리 효과 ( The Effect of Seed Coat Scarification With Sodium Hypochlorite on Germination of Zoysiagrass Seed )

구자형,김태일,원동찬 한국잡초학회·한국잔디학회 1989 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.3 No.2

겨울철 지하부의 가온처리가 경기장 잔디의 생육 및 무기성분 함량에 미치는 영향

구자형,이혜정 한국잔디학회 2002 한국잔디학회지 Vol.16 No.2

한국의 겨울철 온도 조건하에서 가온에 의한 근권부의 온도조절이 잔디생육과 품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하고 아울러 shoot의 무기성분 함량을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 겨울철 근권부의 온도를 20$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$로 유지한 결과 대조구의 잔디는 동해로 인해 생육이 멈춘 반면 온도 처리구에서는 공시된 한지형 잔디(Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, tall fescue) 모두에서 녹색이 유지되었으며 예초를 요할 정도의 생육이 계속되었다. 그러나 들잔디의 경우 겨울철 근권부의 온도를 높여주어도 지상부의 생육은 불가능하였다. 2. 온도 처리구에서의 예초량은 tall fescue에서 가장 많았고, 엽록소 함량은 perennial ryegrass에서 가장 높았으며 Kentucky bluegrass는 안토시아닌 함량이 다른 종류에 비하여 높기 때문에 검붉은 색깔을 나타내는 shoot의 수가 많았다. 3. Shoot의 무기양분 함량은 N, P는 토양처리간에 차이가 없었고 K, Ca, Mg는 모래+peat moss에 비하여 모래+peat moss+soil 처리구에서 많은 것으로 나타났다. 4. 근권부의 가온조절은 한국의 겨울철 기온하에서 한지형 잔디의 생육을 도모하고 겨울철 잔디의 녹색을 유지시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 눈 녹음을 촉진시켜 잔디의 이용률을 증진시킬 수 있는 방안으로 판단된다. Studies were conducted to determine the effect of undersoil heating on growth and quality of turfgrasses including Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.‘Nuglade’), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.‘Accent’), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.‘Pixie’), and Korean lawngrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) in simulated athletic field during winter season in Korea. Mineral contents in clippings of turfgrasses grown at different soil mixtures and temperatures were also analyzed. Undersoil heating (approximately 20$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$) was effective in protecting turfgrasses except Korean lawngrass from freezing injury and discoloration of shoots due to extremely cold temperatures during midwinter. Among turfgrasses grown at undersoil heating zone, tall fescue and perennial ryegrass showed the highest clipping weights and chlorophyll contents, respectively. However, anthocyanin contents of shoots were higher in Kentucky bluegrass. There was little or no difference in clipping weights, chlorophyll contents, anthocyanin contents and greenness of shoots between turfgrasses grown at two soil mixtures composed of 80% sand+10% peat moss+10% soil (v/v/v) and 80% sand+20% pea moss (v/v). Contents of mineral K, Ca and Mg in clippings of cool-season turfgrasses were comparatively higher in a soil mixture composed of 80% sand+10% peat moss+10% soil, but little difference in contents of N and P was observed between two soil treatments. Results indicated that undersoil heating can improve quality of turf surface by thawing soil, melting snow, and maintaining shoot growth and greenness of turfgrasses in sports field during winter season.

Uniconazole처리가 토마토의 저온 및 고온 피해 경감에 미치는 효과

구자형,이영복 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2000 농업과학연구 Vol.27 No.2

작물의 저온 및 고온 피해를 경감시킬 수 있는 방안을 강구하기 위하여 토마토 품종, Fireball과 Patio를 공시재료로 하여 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1mg·pot^(-1)의 uniconazole을 처리하였다. 주간/야간의 길이를 12시간으로 하고, 온도를 25/25℃, 25/25℃, 25/2.5℃, 40/40℃로 조절하여 4일간 처리한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 가시피해을과 간장의 억제율은 2.5/25℃ 처리에서 가장 높았고 엽장의 감소는 40/40℃에서 가장 높았다. 주야간 고온(40/40℃)을 처리한 경우 개화를 지연시켰고 화뢰의 발달을 저해하고 낙뢰를 초래하였다. 온도처리에 따른 피해율은 Fireball에서 Patio에 비하여 높은 것으로 나타났다. 2. 처리농도에 관계없이 uniconazole은 식물체의 생장을 크게 억제하고 chlorophyll의 함량을 증가시켰으며 개화를 지연시키고 저온 및 고온에 의한 가시피해율을 크게 감소시켰다. 3. 일반적으로 uniconazole처리는 고온 및 저온에 의한 엽록소함량의 감소와 개화지연 및 화뢰의 낙뢰를 막아주는 효과는 크게 인정되지 않았다. 고농도 처리는 오히려 Fireball 품종에서 개화지연과 화뢰의 낙뢰를 조장하는 결과를 보였다. 4. Uniconazole의 저온 피해 경감은 free radicalscavenger의 역할을 하는 물질의 생성 및 활성증대가 중요한 역할을 한 것으로 판단되나 고온피해에 대한 경감효과의 해석에는 더 진전된 연구가 요구된다. This study was carried out to determine the effectiveness of uniconazole in ameliorating low and high temperature injury in tomato plants(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cvs. Fireball and Patio). Plants were given a soil drench of 0, 0.001, 0.01 or 0.1 mg. pot-' uniconazole, and after 14 days, were treated with 12-h day/l2-h night cycles at 25/25 ℃, 25/25 ℃, 25/2.5 ℃ or 40/40 ℃ for 4 days in controlled-environment chamber. Number of damaged leaves per plant, reduction of stem elongation, and overall injury were higher at 2.5/25 ℃, but more reduction of leaf elongation, delay of flowering, and abortion of floral bud were observed in plants at 4/40 ℃. There was difference in degree of injury between cultivars, thus, 'Fireball' was much affected by unfavorable temperature regimes. All concentrations of uniconazole reduced leaf and stem elongation, increased total chlorophyll concentration, delayed flowering, and significantly provided protection against low and high temperature injury in two cultivars. In general, the application of uniconazole did not inhibit flowering delay and floral bud abortion induced by high and low temperature exposure. Our results support the hypothesis that the role of uniconazole is related to defense system against oxidative stress induced by low temperature stress. Further research is required to clarify the phytoprotective mechanism of this compound against high temperature stress.

Silver Thiosulfate가 토마토의 오존被害 輕減에 미치는 效果

具滋馨 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1987 環境硏究 Vol.5 No.2

Silver thiosulfate(STS) 處理가 토마토('Fire-ball'과 'Patio')의 오존被害 輕減에 미치는 影響을 調査하기 위하여 STS를 濃度別로 撒布하고 0.15μl/l와 0.08μl/l의 오존에 各各 1日에 4時間과 8時間, 2時間과 4時間씩 處理했던 바 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. STS의 處理는 오존被害로 因한 可視被害率을 顯著히 減少시켰고 子葉의 落葉을 抑制하였다. STS는 0.6mM 濃度에서 가장 높은 被害輕減效果를 보였다. 2. 'Patio'에 比하여 'Fireball'이 오존에 對한 感受性이 强했으며 STS의 ethylene 發生抑制效果는 'Fireball'에서 'Patio'에 比해 顯著하게 좋았다. 3. STS는 낮은 濃度의 오존被害로 因해 可視被害가 없이 二次的으로 나타나는 病의 發生率을 顯著히 減少시켰고 chlorophyll 含量의 減少를 막아 주었다. 4. 오존 및 STS 無處理에서 多量의 ethylene이 發生되었으나 可視被害가 나타나지 않은 結果는 stress에 의해 發生된 ethylene은 짧은 期間 동안에는 可視被害에 影響을 미치지 않기 때문에 STS에 의한 可視被害 輕減效果는 STR가 ethlene의 作用抑制에 關係할 뿐만 아니라 다른 生理的 過程에도 關係함으로써 얻어지는 結果라 思料된다. The efficacy of using silver thiosulfate [Ag(S₂O₃)₂??] (STS) as a phytoprotectant against ozone injury was tested in 'Fireball' and 'Patio' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants. Seven and three days prior to ozone fumigation, plants were sprayed 2 times with STS solution at concentrations of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6mM. STS at 0.6mN significantly reduced the visible injury of leaves and the defoliation of cotyledon induced by ozone exposure (4 and 8 hr daily for 3 days at 0.15μl/l). 'Fireball' was more sensitive to ozone than 'Patio' and the effect of STS on reducing ethylene production was better in 'Fireball' than in 'Patio'. STS inhibited the development of leaf mold (Cladosporium fulvum Cooke) and chlorophyll degradation induced by oxone exposure (2 and 4 hr daily ofr 6 days at 0.08μl/l). The fact that STS-untreated plant of control chamber did not show visible injury despite plenty of ethylene production suggests that ethylene induced by environmental stress is not able to affect the visible injury of leaves for a short period. Therefore, the phytoprotective effects of STS on ozone injury are not necessarily related to its ethylene action-inhibiting properties as an anti-ethylene.

빅데이터 텍스트마이닝을 통한 호텔 메타버스 동향 분석 연구

구자형,한진수 한국호텔리조트학회 2023 호텔리조트연구 Vol.22 No.3

Recently, the metaverse has been gradually expanding in the hotel sector. Metaverse is being applied as a means of providing various virtual experiences and services, and it is expected that its utilization will gradually increase within the hotel industry. This study was conducted to explore consumer trends with keywords related to the hotel metaverse collected from social media. The results of the study are as follows. First, platform, Seoul, world, representative, glad, digital, company, industry, business, market, blockchain, technology, and others showed a high frequency of appearance. Second, CONCOR analysis identified the hotel metaverse, and these names were identified as platforms and content, future new businesses, linked new technologies, forums, and conferences. Based on these findings, academic implications and practical implications that can be applied in the hotel field were derived.

Zoysiagrass 종자 발아에 미치는 Sodiym Hypochlorite의 종피처리 효과

구자형,김태일,원동찬 한국잔디학회 1989 한국잔디학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Research was conducted to obtain t he optimum treatment Of sodium hypochlorite(NaOC I) at various temperatures in t he seed scarification for stimulating germination of zoysiagrass (Zocysia Japonica Steud ) seed. Morphological changes of seed coat were also examined by scanning electron micros cop(SEM). l. Differences in temperature of scarification with 2 .4% NaOCI showed little influence on promoting germination of seeds but seeds treated with 1% solution at l5˚C germinated less than that of higher temperatures. The promotion effect of 4% solution on germination was diminished when seeds were treated for 8 hours of more. The most favorable seed scarification unaffected hy temperature for enhancing germination was 4-6hours treatment at 4% solution in fresh seeds. 2. $GA_3$, treatment did not enhance germination of water-pretreated control seeds hut germination of seeds pretreated with NaOCI l was increased additional 10% or more hy$ GA_3$, Water pretreated control seeds treated with 50 mM hydrogen peroxide(H'O )germinated about 44%. In NaOCI treated seeds. $H_2$$O_2$ treatment increased germination additional l 0% or more. 3. NaOCI l and KOH treatment softened the seed coat and formed the pores hy removing the scab-like thikenings attached to the seed surface. These results suggest that the modes of action of NaOCl in the promotion of seed germination reside in it increase of the permeability of the seed coat, and in the provision of additional oxygen to the seed.

AgNO₃ 처리(處理)가 개나리의 SO₂ 가스 피해(被害) 경감(輕減)에 미치는 영향(影響)

구자형,Ku, Ja Hyeong 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1982 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.9 No.2

In order to investigate the effect of $AgNO_3$ pretreatment on reducing $SO_2$ injury in leaves of Forsythia koreana, changes of pH, chlorophyll content, peroxidase activity, sulfur content, and stomatal behaviour in leaves were examined. 1. $AgNO_3$ sprayed at 200 ppm or above increased black spot development in lower epidermis of leaves. But pretreatment with 100 ppm $AgNO_3$ significantly reduced de foliation and visible injury rate of leaves exposed to $SO_2$. 2. $AgNO_3$ pretreatment prevented lowering pH and decreasing chlorophyll content induced by $SO_2$ injury in leaves. But both $AgNO_3$ pretreatment and $SO_2$ exposure increased peroxidase activity in leaves. 3. $AgNO_3$ pretreatment did not affect reducing $SO_2$ absorption and stomatal opening in leaves exposed to $SO_2$. 개나리에 있어서 $AgNO_3$ 용액살포(溶液撒布)가 $SO_2$가스의 피해경감(被害輕減)에 미친는 효과(效果)를 시험(試驗)하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. $AgNO_3$ 용액(溶液)은 살포농도(撒布濃度)가 200 ppm 이상으로 되면 잎의 뒷면에 미세(微細)한 흑색반점(黑色斑點)을 발생(發生)시켰으며 100ppm으로 처리(處理)되었을 때 $SO_2$가스 피해(被害)로 일어나는 낙엽현상(落葉現狀)과 가시피해(可視被害)를 현저(顯著)히 경감(輕減)시켰다. 2. $AgNO_3$ 용액살포(溶液撒布)는 $SO_2$가스 피해(被害)로 발생(發生)되는 pH의 저하(低下)와 chlorophyll 함량(含量)의 감소현상(減少現狀)을 억제(抑制)시켰으며, peroxidase의 활성(活性)을 증가(增加)시켰다. 3. $AgNO_3$ 용액(溶液)의 살포(撒布)는 $SO_2$가스의 흡수(吸收)와 기공(氣孔)의 개폐(開閉)에 영향(影響)을 미치지 않았다.