벼 害蟲의 生物學的防除를 위한 錦山地方의 天敵거미類의 生態에 關한 硏究

김승태,양계진,임문순 中部大學校 農業生命資源科學硏究所 1998 農業生命資源科學硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.-

1. 1995년 4월부터 10월까지 충청남도 금산지방의 논과 논둑을 대상으로 채집된 473개체의 거미류를 동정, 분류한 결과 14과 39속 54종이었고, 한국산 논거미는 7종이 새로 추가되어 총 22과 84속 132종이 된다. 2. 금산지방의 논거미류는 재배 직전과 수확후에 많은 발생을 나타내는 "M"형 발생밀도소장을 보였다. 3. 과의 우점순위는 늑대거미과(38.9%), 깡충거미과(9.9%), 왕거미과(8.0%), 게거미과(8.0%)의 순이었다. 4. 종의 우점순위는 황산적거미(21.3%), 별늑대거미(10.5%), 들풀거미(8.0%)의 순으로 우점종의 점유비율이 낮고 소수종의 발생이 많았다. 5. 성체의 출현비율은 전체의 39.6%로 유체와 아성체의 출현비율이 우세하였고, 암컷과 수컷의 성비는 7:3으로 암컷의 발생이 우세하였다. 6. 생활형에 있어 배회성거미류(73.4%)의 발생밀도가 조망성거미류(26.6%)보다 높아 이 지역 논거미상의 주류를 이루며 발생소장에도 많은 영향을 주고 있다. The results investigated on the fauna and population ecology of spiders as natural enemy at rice paddy field in Keumsan area are summarized as follows : 475 individuals of collected spiders during investigation periods are identified 14 families, 39 genera and 54 species. In the present paper the authors would like to add 7 species to the spider fauna of rice paddy field from Korea, so the synopsis of soybean field spiders from Korea has 22 families 84 genera 152 species. The seasonal fluctuation of spiders at rice paddy field in Keumsan area shows the height of prosperity twice before transplanting and after harvesting periods. The dominant families are Lycosidae(38.9%), Salticidae(9.9%), Araneidae(8.0%) and Thomisidae(8.0%). The dominant species are Pirata subiraticus(21.3%), Pardosa astrigera(10.5%) and Agelena limbata(8.0%). The appearence rate of adults(39.6%) is lower than spiderlings and subadults(60.4%), and sex ratio of females to males is 7:3. Hunters(78.1%) are more abundant and influential than web builders (21.9%) at rice paddy field in Keumsan area.

한강유역의 거미상과 군집 생태에 관한 연구 Ⅱ : 경기도 가평지방을 중심으로 Centering around with Kapyong, Kyonggi-do

임문순,김승태 건국대학교 1997 學術誌 Vol.41 No.2

The results investigated on the fauna and population ecology of spiders at Han River basin in Kapyong, Kyonggi-do is summarized as follows ; 771 individuals of collected spiders during investigation are identified as 13 families, 31 genera and 50 species. The dominant families are Araneidae(39.6%), Tetragnathidae(21.9%), and Thomisidae(11.3%). The dominant genera are Araneus(23.7%), Tetragnatha(11.2%), Pardosa(9.2%) and Argiope(9.1%). The dominant species are Araneus cornutus(18.4%), Pardosa astrigera(8.9%), Argiope bruennichii(8.7%) and Pisaura lama(8.6%). Although these materials are not sufficient for general distribution of the fauna of the whole Kapyong area, an outline of the geographical distribution of spiders can be summarized as 6 palearctic species (12%), 4 holarctic species(8%), 2 oriental species(4%), 2 cosmopolitan species(4%) and 2 Korean endemic species (4%). Webbing spiders (65.4%) are more abundant and influencable on solder fauna than wandering spiders (34.6%).

農村 새마을 所得增大를 위한 작물해충방제에 관한 硏究 : 水原, 尙州 및 公主地方의 桑田거미相에 관한 比較硏究를 통하여 A Comparative Study of the Spider Fauna at Mulberry Fields in Su-won, Sang-ju and Kong-ju Area

任文淳 건국대학교 1986 새마을연구논문집 Vol.5 No.-

This experiment was conducted to investigate the distribution of the spiders at mulberry fields in Su-won, Sang-ju and Kong-ju areas. This data will serve as a basic data for the utilization of natural enemies as biological control of insect pests. The reasults obtained are summarized as follows; 1.19 families, 67 genus and 137 species at the above three areas and 13 families, 38 genus and 61 species at Su-won area, 18 families, 49 genus and 86 species at Sang-ju area, and 15 families, 47 genus and 81 species at Kong-ju area were identified in this experiment. 2.In family, Erigonidae, Theridiidae, Thomisidae, Tetragnathidae and Lycosidae were highly distributed at mulberry fields in the above three areas. 3.In genus, Erigonidium, Theridion, Tetragnatha and Misumenops were highly distributed at mulberry fields in the above three areas. 4.In species, Erigonidium graminicola, Misumenops tricuspidatus, and Tetragnatha squamate were highly distributed at mulberry fields in the above three areas and they were considered to be useful as a natural enemies and the ecological ·characteristics and utilization of the above three species will be studied further.

새마을運動의 實績ㆍ評價에 관한 硏究 : 忠北 丹陽地域 山間을 중심으로

任文淳,金仁謙,申大淳 건국대학교 1976 學術誌 Vol.20 No.1

1. Significance of "Saemaul undong,,. The saemaul undone is Korean type of the community development project that has undergone wide-spread success in developing countries throughout the world in recent years. "Saemaul undong, which is based on traditionally cooperative spirits among Koreans has been initiated and guide-lined by president Park of the Republic of Korea. In october 1970 the Saemaul pilot projects were conducted with emphasis on farm and fishery communities across the country by the Ministry of Home Affairs. With successful experiences from pilot projects, nationwide "Saemaul undong, was positively and actively tried by the Central "Saemaul undong,, coordination Board which is staffed with representative of appropriate Government agencies concerned in 1972. "Saemaul undong,, is, in brief, a movement for prosperous life in future. In other word, it is a voluntary effort of not only an individual or a group of people but the entire society for their common good. This nationwide movement should be spiritually based on diligence, self-help and cooperation of the participating individuals, groups or units so that they can try to achive better home, prosperous community and strong nation. In the implementation of "Saemaul undong, when any problem arises or exists, plan is made by villagers on a voluntary basis to solue such problems with their own resources and manpower. However, when necessary or the problem is beyond the villager's financial or technical capabilities, they are supported by the Government financially or technically. "Saemaul undong,, can be put into three main projects such as spiritual enlightenment, environmental improvements and income growth through increased production. Emphasis was placed on environmental improvement project untill 1973. From 1974 on, "income growth through increased production,, has been emphasized not only in rural areas but also in some of urban regions. Long-range plan of "Saemaul undong,, is as follows : A. "Saemaul undong,, is implemented at three different stages as listed below. (1) Stage I This stage may be called "Stage of foundation construction,,.(1971-1973) At this stage spirits of "saemaul undong,, are gradually encouraged to the participants through basic environment improvements or other easy projects. (2) Stage II-self-help and developing stage belongs to here (1974-1976). At this stage, production foundation is expanded, assisted with the accomplishment of the standard rural environment. (3) Stage III-"This stage can be expressed as Independent and completion stage,, (1977-1981). A total of 34,665 farm villages throughout the country will turn into the standard farm village through increased farm production and income from other sources. B. Each village is classified into one of the three different groups according to it's developmental level, namely underdeveloped villages, developing villages and developed villages, and each village is promoted to next developmental title, depending on progress of development. C. Each of 34,665 villages is classified into one of the following patterns, according to it's tophographic location or other conditions, deeply mountainous villages ; medium mountainous villages; plain villages; fishery villages; suburban villages Suitable development method are used according to its pattern. d. Considering that progect on a basis of a village unit is completed, a joint cooperative project is encouraged under the participation of several villages in a given area. "Saemaul undong,, which was ignited only five years ago, resulted in miraculous results which could not have been achieved for a few centuries in the past, changing farm villages as well as urban societies structurally and functionally. It has changed thought and way of living of the community residents, and remarkedly contributed to increase of the income and welfare of the people. 2. Achievements of Saemaul Undong During the five years, the number of participants in 34,665 villages and 35 cities has approxmated to 332 million. The total number of projects completed during this period reached 4,495,000. Furthmore, the total worth produced by this movement was 2.5 times as great as the total amount of the government assistance. The effects of Saemaul undong are as follows : 1) Improvement of Environment : The environmental betterment project has contributed to the development of enthusiasm and the sense of self-help. One of the remarkable things is that the basic establishments for the modernization of the country have been already made. Most of the rural areas have been electrified. Telephones are installed in many villages. Makeshift water supply systems which supply clean and sanitary water to the villagers have been installed. The transportation networks have been readjusted and extendeded rural areas, connecting through the highway. Such public establishments as storehouses, marketplaces, village assembly halls, public bathrooms, and public libraries have been established in the rural villages. 2) Increase in Income (1) The movement provided the strong basis for production and income-increase. The expansion of transportation networks including the construction of village and farm roads propelled both the improvement of transportation and marketing systems and the mechanization of farming ; the provision of irrigation farilities and the consolidation of farmlands improved the agricultural structure : the electrification and communication facilities of the rural villages enabled to extend the productive activities and flows of products. In the view of the increase in food production, Korea has experienced a revolution of "Tong-Il" variety species. Along with which, the government has supported various projects such as expansion of the base far agricultural production, mechanization of agricultural production, scientific methods of fertilization, farm technology, and top-soil improvement. As a result, the nation has achieved the historical record of rice production from 4.45 million tons in 1974 to 4.67 million tons in 1975. (2) The movement established the cooperative production system. (3) The movement employed the unemployed lobor in the rural region. Most of the unemployed people in the communities were mobilized to participate in a lot of saemaul projects and related income projects, particularly the wage-reinvesting projects and saemaul factories have greatly contributed to attracting the idle labor force. 3) Spiritual Enlightenment of the people. The philosophy of the Saemaul undone is based on the spirit of diligence, self·help, and cooperation. The new spiritual awakening of the people Financial inputs to "Saemaul Undong" ◁표 참조▷ p. 460 Table 2 Project Achievements of "Saemaul Undong" ◁표 참조▷ p. 461 have laid the spiritual basis for the renewal of the economic environment. The hearts of the people are stirring with enthusiasm and desire for the new economic environment. The basis for the modernization of the country has matured through the spiritual enlightenment. 3. Evaluation on achievements of Saemaul Undong(case study) In order to precisely evaluate and analyze achievements of "saemaul undong" sampling study for the entire nation is required. However it will be a attemped in the studs to be followed. In this study, deep mountainous villages, which are relatively adversely located, were selected as sample. They are seven villages located in the jurisdiction of choong song Puk to province, as shown below. ◁표 참조▷ p. 461 DANYANG Gun (county) of CHOONG PUK province occupies 10.6% of the province in size, and is mostly mountainous (83.7%) with arable land of 12.8%. Total farm house-hold is 64%, and remaining 36% is non-farmer. Data were collected through interviews with village chiefs and leaders during the period of 26-28 Jan 76. Evaluating criteria were put into the two main divisions, namely promising factors and project achievements, and the two were further, sub-divided for point, as follows ; 1) Promising factors : Resident's participation, planning, organization and operation, leaders and their leadership, operating funds 2) Project achievements : Improvement of the cultural environment, food production, income growth project, cooperative project, improvement of living conditions. (Table 3) Total ◁표 참조▷ p. 462 These evaluating factors differ from each other in importance, a different weight has been multiplied for each factor. Weight has been determined in order of importance expressed by the village leaders during the interviews. Summarized below are results of the investigatin : 1) Promising factors : Residents were willing to participate in, and adequate number of leader was working, Howeer, majority of villages are in short supply of operating funds. 2) Project achievements : Enviromental improvements were remarkable, but progresses in the fields of production and income were insgnificant. Overall points based on valuating factors are shown in the table below. Therefore, village funds will have to be accumulated, and also emphasis should be placed on increase of income.

한강유역의 거미상과 군집 생태에 관한 연구 Ⅰ : 강원도 춘천지방을 중심으로 Centering around with Chunchon, Kangwon-do

임문순,김승태 건국대학교 1997 學術誌 Vol.41 No.2

The results investigated on the fauna and population ecology of spiders at Han River basin in Chunchon, Kangwon-do is summarized as follows : 630 individuals of collected spiders during investigation are identified as 16 families, 35 genera and 59 species. The dominant families are Pisauridae(24.8%), Tetragnathidae(24.3%), Araneidae(20.6%) and Thomisidae(10.0%). The dominant genera are Dolomedes(12.9%), Pisaura(11.9%), Neriene(10.2%), Nephila(8.6%) and Neoscona(8.3%). The dominant species are Dolomedes sulfureus(12.7%), Pisaura lama(11.9%), Nephila clavata(8.6%) and Misumenops tricuspidatus(6.3%). Although these materials are not sufficient for general distribution of the fauna of the whole Chunchon area, an outline of the geographical distribution of spiders can be summarized as 4 palearctic species(6.8%), 4 holarctic species (6.8%), 2 oriental species(3.4%), 1 cosmopolitan species(1.7%) and 1 Korean endemic specles(1.7%). Webbing spiders(58.7%) are more abundant and influencable on spider fauna than wandering spiders (41.3%).

명지산(明智山)의 거미상

임문순,김승태,양계진 中部大學校 自然科學硏究所 1998 自然科學硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.1

경기도 군 면에 위치한 명지산의 거미는 모두 21과 66속 100종으로 한국에 서식하는 전체 거미류 중 16.6%가 이 지역에 서식하는 것으로 확인되었다. 종구성상 왕거미과, 깡충거미과, 꼬마거미과, 갈거미과와 늑대거미과가 우세하고 나머지 과는 미소하며, 조망성 거미의 종구성수준이 배회성거미보다 약간 높았다. 거미류의 생태적 분포면에서 살펴보면 남방계인 동양종은 매우 적은 것으로 나타났으며 북방계 거미가 대단히 우세한 지역임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 인접국가인 일본, 중국과의 공통성이 매우 크게 나타났다. The fauna of spiders from Myungji mountain in Kyunggi-do was investigated from April to October in 1992. In the present paper, 100 species of 66 genera belong to 21 families were identified. Although these materials are not sufficient for general distribution on the spider fauna of the Myungji mountain, an outline of the biogeographical distribution of spiders can be summarized as 2 Cosmopolitan species (2%), 13 Palaearctic species(13%), 5 Holarctic species(5%), 5 Korean endemic species(5%) and 1 Oriental species(1%). The predominant species are 16 species of Araneidae(16%), 11 species of Salticidae(11%), 10 species of Theridiidae(10%), 9 species of Tetragnathidae and Lycosidae each(9%), and others are fewer in numbers. And species composion of web builders(53%) are richer than that of hunters(47%). In the commonness with adjacent countries, common species between Korea and Japan, and Korea and China are 88(88%). Common species among these countries are 83(83%). So the commonness among adjacent countries with Korea has much in common.

京畿 廣州地域의 山間田作地와 그 周邊의 天敵거미類의 生態에 關한 硏究

임문순,김승태 건국대학교 1996 學術誌 Vol.40 No.2

The results investigated on the fauna and ecology of spiders as natural enemy at the upland in Kwangju area is summarized as follows : 839 individuals of collected spiders during investigation are identified 14 families, 40 genera and 65 species. The dominant families are Araneidae(31.1%), Pisauridae(18.2%) and Tetragnathidae(15.4%). The dominant genera are Pisaura (13.2%), Neoscona (13.1%), Nephila (10.0%) and Argiope(10.0%). The dominant species are Pisaura lama(13.2%), Nephila clavata(10.0%) and Argiope bruennichii (8.3%). Webbing spiders(58.0%) are more abundant and influencable on spider fauna than wandering spiders(42.0%), but the dominant role in seasonal fluctuation of surveyed area is replaced each other. To plant medium or small commercial shrubs with many branches around the upland is more effective for spiders to suppress insect pests.

春川地方과 淸州地方의 거미相에 關한 比較 硏究 : 桑田거미를 중심으로

任文淳 건국대학교 1984 建農學報 Vol.10 No.1

This experiment was conducted to investigate the distribution of the spiders at the mulberry fields in Chun-cheon and Cheong-ju areas. This data will serve as a basic data for the utilization of natural enemies as biological control of insects. The results obtained are summarized as follows ; 1.19 families, 56 genus and 109 species at the above two area, and 15 families, 38 genus and 66 species in Chun-cheon and 16 families, 46 genus and 81 species in Cheong-ju area were identified in this experiment. 2.Erigonidium graminicola and Tetragnatha squamata at the above two area, and Misumenops tricuspidatus and pardosa astrigera in Chun-cheon area, and pirata piraticus and pirata subpiraticus in Cheong-iu area considered to be useful as a natural enemies and they are highly distributed at mulberry fields in the above two area. 3.The ecological characteristics and utilization of the above 6 species will be studied further.

새로운 牧草害蟲 청가래(Lytta chinensis Motchulsky.)의 加害習性 및 防除에 關한 硏究(第一報)

任文淳 건국대학교 1973 學術誌 Vol.15 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the feeding habits and control of new forage pests, Green Blister Beetle (Lytta chinensis Motchulsky) in Korea. It was found that this insect feed on forage crops, alfalfa and ladino-clover since 1969.(Fig. 4) It was known as a forest insect which feed on the leaves of decidious trees until 1969. On field observation, the feeding habits of adult are as follows ; They feed only mesophyll from the marginal areas and viens of leaves are remained.(Fig. 3) The beetles are gregarious and feed on leaves of host plants during night. Female deposits eggs in a compact mass underground. Adult beetles of this species appear from the middle of May to the later part of June. The effectiveness of several insecticides to Green blister beetle, Lytta chinensis Motchulsky are as follows ; Lebaycid which followed by M.E.P. and Sevin was the most effective 24hours after the application, and MEP which followed by Lebaycid and Malathion was the best 48 hours after application. Therefore, MEP and Lebaycid are found to be as the effective insecticides for the control of Green Blister Beetles.

平昌 廣川窟과 늘골窟의 環境 要因과 動物相에 관한 硏究

任文淳 建國大學校附設 農業資源開發硏究所 1975 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

① 江原道 平昌郡 大和面 大和理 所在의 廣川窟 과 늘골窟의 環境 要因으로 氣溫, 水溫, 濕度, 및 土壞酸度(pH) 等을 測定 調査한 바그 結果는 <表1.2>와 같다. ② 廣川窟에서 調査된 動物은 9綱 32種이며, 이들 중 生態學的으로 다음과 같이 分類된다.眞洞窟産(Troglobite) 7種-21.9%, 好洞窟性(Troglophile) 11種-34.4% 그리고 外來洞窟性(Trogloxene)이 14.-43.7%種이다. ③ 늘골굴에서 調査된 動物은 5綱 21種이며, 이들을 이들을 生態學的으로 다음과 같이 分類된다. 眞洞窟産(Troglobite) 3種-14.3%, 好洞窟性(Troglophile) 6種-28.5% 그리고 外來洞窟性(Trogloxene)이 12種.-57.2%이다. This thesis contains the research of investigation for the environment`s Factors and the faunae of both Kwangcheon gul-Cave and Nulgol gul-Cave, located at Dae Hwa Ri, Dae Hwa Myon, Pyong Chang Kun, Kang Won Do province, Korea. 1. The above two cave`s environment`s factors were air temperature, water temperature, moisture, and Ph. and as the result of their detailed investigation was the same as table 1 and 2. 2. The fauna investigated at Kwangcheon gul-Cave is 9 classes and 32 species classified as ecologically followings: Troglobite . . 7 species-21,9%, troglophile .. 11species-34.4% and trogloxene .. 14 species-43.7%. 3. The fauna investigated at Neulgol gul-Cave is 5 classes and 21 species and this is classified as ecologically following: Troglobite..3 species-14.3%, troglophile .. 6species-28.5% and trogloxene ..12 species-57.2%.