Influence of vaccine potency and booster administration of foot-and-mouth disease vaccines on the antibody response in calves with maternal antibodies

Can Çokçalışkan,Tunçer Türkoğlu,Ergün Uzunlu,Beyhan Sareyyüpoğlu,İbrahim Hancı,Ahmet İpek,Abdullah Arslan,Ayca Babak,Gülnur İldeniz,Veli Gülyaz 대한수의학회 2017 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.18 No.-

Foot-and-mouth disease is one of the most important viral diseases of cloven-hoofed animals. Mass vaccination is an effective method to control the disease and is frequently utilized in endemic regions. Sufficient protection of young animals is important in mass vaccination campaigns. Maternal antibodies negatively affect the success of vaccination. Hence, determination of the optimal vaccination age is crucial for the uninterrupted protection of young animals. This study was performed to identify the effect of vaccine potency and booster administration on serum neutralizing antibody titers of calves with different levels of maternal antibodies. Calves (n = 111) on a state farm were used in this study. Oil adjuvant foot-and-mouth disease vaccines with 3 PD50 and 6 PD50 potencies were used with or without booster administration. Serum samples were collected each month up to day 120 postvaccination. Virus neutralization tests were used to measure the serum neutralizing antibody titers and estimate the protection period by using pre-determined cut-off values for protection. The results revealed that a vaccination with a 6 PD50 potency vaccine, preferably followed by a booster dose, should be used to overcome maternal immunity for incessant protection.

Effect of simultaneous administration of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and anthrax vaccines on antibody response to FMD in sheep

Can Çokçalışkan,Pelin Tuncer Göktuna,Tunçer Türkoğlu,Ergün Uzunlu,Ceylan Gündüzalp,Eylem Aras Uzun,Beyhan Sareyyüpoğlu,Ayça Kürkçü,Veli Gülyaz 대한백신학회 2019 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.8 No.2

Purpose: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and anthrax are important diseases in sheep. Vaccination is a favorable strategy against both infections. Simultaneous administration of vaccines does generally not impede the immune responses of each other, although there are some exceptions, and it may help reduce the labor and costs of vaccination as well as distress on animals. Although oil adjuvant FMD vaccine has been tried with live anthrax vaccine in cattle, there are no reports on the simultaneous use of both vaccines in sheep. Materials and Methods: In this study, FMD seronegative sheep were used to investigate the impact of the simultaneous vaccination of FMD and anthrax on FMD antibody titers of sheep. Virus neutralization test and liquid phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to determine the antibody response to the FMD vaccine. Results: The results demonstrated that both vaccines can be used simultaneously without any interference with the FMD response. Moreover, the simultaneous administration with anthrax vaccine had a stimulating effect on the early (day 7 post-vaccination) virus neutralization antibody response to the FMD vaccine. Conclusion: The simultaneous use of the FMD and anthrax vaccines did not hinder the response to the FMD vaccine in sheep.

QS-21 enhances the early antibody response to oil adjuvant foot-and-mouth disease vaccine in cattle

Can Çokçalışkan,Tunçer Türkoğlu,Beyhan Sareyyüpoğlu,Ergün Uzunlu,Ayca Babak,Banu B. Özbilge,Veli Gülyaz 대한백신학회 2016 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.5 No.2

Purpose: One of the most important tools against foot-and-mouth disease, a highly contagious and variable viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals, is vaccination. However, the effectiveness of foot-and-mouth disease vaccines on slowing the spread of the disease is questionable. In contrast, high potency vaccines providing early protection may solve issues with the spread of the disease, escaping mutants, and persistency. To increase the potency of the vaccine, additives such as saponin and aluminium hydroxide are used. However, the use of saponin with an oil adjuvant is not common and is sometimes linked to toxicity. QS-21, which is less toxic than Quil A, has been presented as an alternative for use with saponin. In this study, the addition of QS-21 to a commercially available foot-and-mouth disease water-in-oil-in-water emulsion vaccine was evaluated in cattle. Materials and Methods: After vaccination, serum samples were collected periodically over 3 months. Sera of the QS-21 and normal oil vaccine groups were compared via serum virus neutralization antibody titre and liquid phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibody titre. Results: The results showed that there was a significant early antibody increase in the QS-21 group. Conclusion: Strong early virus neutralizing antibody response will be useful for emergency or ring vaccinations against foot-and-mouth disease in target animals.

Oxidation of Cymantrene Analogues of Ferrocifen: Electrochemical, Spectroscopic, and Computational Studies of the Parent Complex 1,1′-Diphenyl-2-cymantrenylbutene

Wu, Kan,Park, Ji Young,Al-Saadon, Rachael,Nam, Hyerim,Lee, Yujin,Top, Siden,Jaouen, Gé,rard,Baik, Mu-Hyun,Geiger, William E. American Chemical Society 2018 Organometallics Vol.37 No.12

<P>The oxidative electrochemical behavior of 1,1′-diphenyl-2-cymantrenylbutene (<B>1</B>), a cymantrene analogue of the breast cancer drug ferrocifen, was shown to involve the sequential electron-transfer series <B>1</B>/<B>1</B><SUP>+</SUP>/<B>1</B><SUP>2+</SUP> in dichloromethane/0.05 M [NBu<SUB>4</SUB>][B(C<SUB>6</SUB>F<SUB>5</SUB>)<SUB>4</SUB>] (<I>E</I><SUB>1/2</SUB> values 0.78 and 1.18 V vs ferrocene). By a combination of spectroscopic and computational techniques, it was shown that the cymantrene functionality plays an important role in dissipating the positive charges in the oxidized compounds and is therefore an active participant in the redox events. The redox-active orbital goes from roughly equal degrees of organometallic and π-organic (diphenylolefin) makeup in <B>1</B> to increasingly organic based fractions in <B>1</B><SUP>+</SUP> and <B>1</B><SUP>2+</SUP>. Structural changes mimicking those of oxidized tetrakis(aryl)ethylenes accompany the one-electron oxidations. There is sufficient unpaired electron density on the manganese center in <B>1</B><SUP>+</SUP> to allow for oxidatively induced ligand exchange of one or more of the carbonyl ligands with donor ligands, including phosphites and pyridine. The complex Mn(CO)<SUB>2</SUB>P(OPh)<SUB>3</SUB>(η<SUP>5</SUP>-C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>(Et)C═C(C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>) was prepared by the “electrochemical switch” method, wherein [Mn(CO)<SUB>2</SUB>P(OPh)<SUB>3</SUB>(η<SUP>5</SUP>-C<SUB>5</SUB>H<SUB>4</SUB>(Et)C═C(C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>)]<SUP>+</SUP>, produced by the oxidation of <B>1</B> in the presence of P(OPh)<SUB>3</SUB>, was reduced back to the neutral CO-substituted complex.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Comparison of the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current therapies in central sensitization in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Şahide Eda Artuç,Aslı Çalışkan Uçkun,Filiz Acar Sivas,Fatma Gül Yurdakul,Hatice Bodur 대한통증학회 2023 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.36 No.3

Background: This study is primarily aimed to determine whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and interferential current (IFC) treatments have any effect on central sensitization (CS) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to investigate which treatment is more effective. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 80 patients were randomized into four treatment groups: TENS, Plasebo-TENS, IFC, and Plasebo-IFC. All interventions were applied 5 times a week for 2 weeks. Primary outcome was pressure pain threshold (PPT), which is accepted as the objective indicator of CS, at the painful knee and at the shoulder as a painless distant point. Other outcome measures were the visual analog scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Timed Up and Go Test, pain catastrophizing scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia. Results: All assessment parameters were improved, without a significant difference among the groups except PPT. PPT scores were significantly improved in TENS and IFC groups when compared with the sham groups at 2 weeks and 3 months. In addition, this improvement was even more pronounced in the TENS group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the patient’s inclusion in the TENS group, an initial high PPT, and an initial low VAS score were independent risk factors for improvement in the PPT. Conclusions: This study shows that TENS and IFC reduced pain sensitivity as compared to placebo groups in patients with knee OA. This effect was more pronounced in the TENS group.

Bilateral Ureteral Stones and Spontaneous Perirenal Hematoma in a Patient with Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Mehmet Akyüz,Selahattin Çalışkan,Cevdet Kaya 대한비뇨의학회 2012 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.53 No.7

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an immune thrombocytopenia with a usually benign clinical course. Bleedings are mostly of the mucocutaneous type with mild symptoms. Massive bleedings requiring transfusion are rarely seen, unless the number of platelets decreases to extremely low levels. In this case, bilateral perirenal hematoma and bilateral distal ureteral stones were detected on a non-contrast computed tomography scan of a 57-year-old male patient who developed macroscopic hematuria during his treatment in the clinics of internal medicine because of left flank pain and diffuse petechial rashes all over his body. The patient, who had been receiving chronic ITP treatment for 1 year, had a very low platelet count (4,000/mm3). The patient was prescribed bed rest, and his platelet count increased to a safe level for surgical intervention of above 50,000/mm3 with administration of prednisolone, intravenous immune globulin, and platelet suspension. A stone-free state was achieved after bilateral ureterorenoscopy and pneumatic lithotripsy. A conservative approach was followed for the perirenal hematoma. Upon regression of the perirenal hematoma, the patient was discharged at 9 weeks postoperatively.

Significance of Atypical Small Acinar Proliferation and High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Prostate Biopsy

Orhan Koca,Selahattin Çalışkan,Metin İshak Öztürk,Mustafa Güneş,Ihsan Karaman 대한비뇨의학회 2011 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.52 No.11

Purpose: In clinical practice, atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP) and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) are two common findings on prostate biopsies. Knowing the frequency of a prostate cancer diagnosis on repeat biopsies would aid primary treating physicians regarding their decisions in suspicious cases. Materials and Methods: One hundred forty-three patients in whom biopsies revealed ASAP or HGPIN or both were enrolled in the present study; prostate cancer was not reported in the biopsy specimens and at least one repeat biopsy was performed. Age, digital rectal examination findings, prostate volumes, and free and total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and the biopsy results of the patients were recorded. Results: Of the 97 patients with ASAP on the first set of biopsies, prostate cancer was diagnosed in the second and third biopsies of 32 and 6 patients, respectively. Prostate cancer was not detected in the second or third biopsies of the 40 patients with HGPIN in the first biopsy. Of the 6 patients with ASAP+HGPIN in the first biopsy, prostate cancer was detected in 3 patients in the second biopsy and in 1 patient in the third biopsy. Conclusions: The diagnosis of ASAP is a strong risk factor for prostate cancer. A repeat biopsy should be performed for the entire prostate subsequent to the diagnosis of ASAP. In patients with HGPIN according to the biopsy result, the clinical decision should be based on other parameters, such as PSA values and rectal examination, and a repeat biopsy should be avoided if the initial biopsy was performed with multiple sampling. Purpose: In clinical practice, atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP) and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) are two common findings on prostate biopsies. Knowing the frequency of a prostate cancer diagnosis on repeat biopsies would aid primary treating physicians regarding their decisions in suspicious cases. Materials and Methods: One hundred forty-three patients in whom biopsies revealed ASAP or HGPIN or both were enrolled in the present study; prostate cancer was not reported in the biopsy specimens and at least one repeat biopsy was performed. Age, digital rectal examination findings, prostate volumes, and free and total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and the biopsy results of the patients were recorded. Results: Of the 97 patients with ASAP on the first set of biopsies, prostate cancer was diagnosed in the second and third biopsies of 32 and 6 patients, respectively. Prostate cancer was not detected in the second or third biopsies of the 40 patients with HGPIN in the first biopsy. Of the 6 patients with ASAP+HGPIN in the first biopsy, prostate cancer was detected in 3 patients in the second biopsy and in 1 patient in the third biopsy. Conclusions: The diagnosis of ASAP is a strong risk factor for prostate cancer. A repeat biopsy should be performed for the entire prostate subsequent to the diagnosis of ASAP. In patients with HGPIN according to the biopsy result, the clinical decision should be based on other parameters, such as PSA values and rectal examination, and a repeat biopsy should be avoided if the initial biopsy was performed with multiple sampling.

Determination of non-structural protein level for Turkey foot-and-mouth disease vaccine antigens during in-process

Beyhan Sareyyüpoğlu,Can Çokçalışkan,Aydın Çoskuner,Veli Gülyaz 대한백신학회 2020 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.9 No.2

Purpose: The success of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) serological serosurveillance greatly depends on the FMD vaccine which does not include any non-structural proteins (NSPs) of the FMD virus. Since pure FMD vaccines from NSPs are used with the FMD eradication programs using DIVA (Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals) tests. Apart from the in-vivo test defined in the World Organisation for Animal Health, two different test kits were developed in-process NSP detection purposes. The first test kit was developed in 2010 and the second one has been very recently developed in 2019. Materials and Methods: In this study, the level of NSP has been examined by first-chemiluminescent filtration assisted (FAL)-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based in-vitro, in-process test kit for Turkey FMD vaccine antigen samples. A total of 94 samples were used. The critical maximum acceptable levels of NSP were determined after purification stage of samples. Results: As a maximum NSP level, 70 ng NSP for the polyethylene glycol concentrated samples and 30 ng NSP for the vaccine antigen mixture samples were accepted. A mini repeatability study was also performed. The correlation between the NSP, total protein, and 146S particul quantity of samples were analyzed. Conclusion: As a conclusion, the chemiluminescent FAL-ELISA based test kit can be used for the NSP purity level determination of in-process samples.

Experimental investigation of impact behaviour of shear deficient RC beam to column connection

Murat Aras,Tolga Yılmaz,Özlem Çalışkan,Özgür Anıl,R. Tuğrul Erdem,Turgut Kaya 국제구조공학회 2022 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.84 No.5

Reinforced concrete (RC) structures may be subjected to sudden dynamic impact loads such as explosions occurring for different reasons, the collision of masses driven by rockfall, flood, landslide, and avalanche effect structural members, the crash of vehicles to the highway and seaway structures. Many analytical, numerical, and experimental studies focused on the behavior of RC structural elements such as columns, beams, and slabs under sudden dynamic impact loads. However, there is no comprehensive study on the behavior of the RC column-beam connections under the effect of sudden dynamic impact loads. For this purpose, an experimental study was performed to investigate the behavior of RC column-beam connections under the effect of low-velocity impact loads. Sixteen RC beam-column connections with a scale of 1/3 were manufactured and tested under impact load using the drop-weight test setup. The concrete compressive strength, shear reinforcement spacing in the beam, and input impact energy applied to test specimens were taken as experimental variables. The time histories of impact load acting on test specimens, accelerations, and displacements measured from the test specimens were recorded in experiments. Besides, shear and bending crack widths were measured. The effect of experimental variables on the impact behavior of RC beam-column connections has been determined and interpreted in detail. Besides, a finite element model has been established for verification and comparison of the experimental results by using ABAQUS software. It has been demonstrated that concrete strength, shear reinforcement ratio, and impact energy significantly affect the impact behavior of RC column-beam connections.

Experimental and ab initio Computational Studies on Dimethyl-(4-{4-{3- methyl-3-phenyl-cyclobutyl)-thiazol-2-yl]-hydrazonomethyl}-phenyl)-amine

Çiğdem Yüksektepe,Hanife Saraçoğlu,Nezihe Çalışkan,Ibrahim Yilmaz,Alaaddin Cukurovali 대한화학회 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.12

A new hydrazone derivative compound has been synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and UV-vis. spectroscopy techniques, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). The new compound crystallizes in monoclinic space group C2/c. In addition to the crystal structure from X-ray experiment, the molecular geometry, vibrational frequencies and frontier molecular orbitals analysis of the title compound in the ground state have been calculated by using the HF/6-31G(d, p), B3LYP/6-311G(d, p) and B3LYP/6-31G(d, p) methods. The computed vibrational frequencies are used to determine the types of molecular motions associated with each of the observed experimental bands.To determine conformational flexibility, molecular energy profile of (1) was obtained by semi-empirical (AM1) calculation with respect to a selected degree of torsional freedom, which was varied from ‒180o to +180o in steps of 10o. Molecular electrostatic potential of the compound was also performed by the theoretical method.