Intragranular and Intergranular Crack Propagation in Nanocrystalline Ni Under Single-Cycle Mode I Loading

Yan Feng,Jie Li,Xinhua Yang 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.7

As the first step to study the fatigue crack propagation, the molecular simulations were performed to investigate theopening, propagation and closure behaviors of intragranular and intergranular cracks in nanocrystalline Ni under single-cyclemode I loading. The atomic crack angle was proposed to characterize the crack-tip blunting and sharpening quantitatively. There are obvious different mechanisms between intragranular and intergranular crack propagation. Intragranular crack propagationcould be induced by stacking faults and can change its direction very easily, but the intergranular crack perpendicularto the loading direction would propagate along the grain boundary and encounter strong resistance at the triple junction. New cracks could form in the grain boundaries ahead of the original crack. Different from the traditional understanding forintragranular and intergranular cracks, however, the dislocation density increases even in the unloading process and the cracktip is possibly sharpened temporarily during loading.

Molecular and cytological analyses of A and C genomes at meiosis in synthetic allotriploid Brassica hybrids (ACC) between B.napus (AACC) and B.oleracea (CC)

Yan Yang1,Xiaochun Wei,Gongyao Shi,Fang Wei,Janeen Braynen,Jingshu Zhang,Baoming Tian,Gangqiang Cao,Xiaowei Zhang 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.2

Success of interspecific hybridization relies mostly on the adequate similarity between the implicated genomes to ensure synapsis, pairing and recombination between appropriate chromosomes during meiosis in allopolyploid species. Allotetraploid Brassica napus (AACC) is a model of natural hybridization between Brassica rapa (AA) and Brassica oleracea (CC), which are originally derived from a common ancestor, but genomic constitution of the same chromosomes probably varied among these species through time after establishment, giving rise to cytogenetic difference in the synthetic hybrids. Herein we investigated meiotic behaviors of A and C chromosomes of synthetic allotriploid Brassica hybrids (ACC) at molecular and cytological levels, which result from the interspecific cross between natural B. napus (AACC) and B.oleracea (CC), and the results showed that meiosis course was significantly aberrant in allotriploid Brassica hybrids, and chromosomes aligned chaotically at metaphase I, chromosome bridges and lags were frequently observed from later metaphase I to anaphase II during meiosis. Simultaneously, we also noticed that meiosis-related genes were abruptly down-regulated in allotriploid Brassica hybrids, which likely accounted for irregular scenario of meiosis observed in these synthetic hybrids. Therefore, these results indicated that inter-genomic exchanges of A and C chromosomes could occur frequently in synthetic Brassica hybrids, and provided an efficient approach for genetic changes of homeologous chromosomes during meiosis in polyploid B.napus breeding program.

Nodule Rich Protein 2 modulates nodule number in Medicago truncatula

Junhui Yan,Xinwei Yang,Yawen Wang,Liangliang Yu,Li Luo 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.1

Symbiotic nitrogen fxation is beneft to sustainable agriculture and global nitrogen cycle. Many small peptides were identifed as regulators involving in the interaction between rhizobia and legume. Here we reported Nodule Rich Protein 2 (MtNRP2) encoding a small peptide in Medicago truncatula, belonged to a group of nodule rich protein restricted in legume species. MtNRP2 expressed highly in root nodule and its promoter was active during the initiation and development of root nodule and lateral root. To investigate the function of MtNRP2 in nodulation, we generated MtNRP2-overexpression and MtNRP2- knockdown transgenic Medicago. MtNRP2-overexpression transgenic lines performed normal nodulation phenotype compared with vector control. However, in the MtNRP2-RNAi transgenic plants, the decrease of MtNRP2 expression lead to the increase of infection threads number (7 day post inoculation) and nodules number (3 week post inoculation); meanwhile, the expression of MtRGF3 and MtPUB1 was inhibited. These results suggested that MtNRP2 negatively regulated nodulation in Medicago truncatula.

롤러스케이트 선수의 운동상해발생과 예방에 대한 조사 연구

김동희,김도수,채양석,이하얀,김선호,조성채 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.1

The study was intended to research the fact of roller skate players injury. For the study, kinds and parts of injuries, skills to be hurted, facility, injured time, cause, remedy, mental response and protecting were investigated through 182 roller skate players. The results were as follows : 1. The injury body part was showed that leg was the highest and followed by knee and ankle. 2. In the cause of injury was showed as follows: skills on corner work, bank track with concrete, 200m distance. 3. In the general cause of injury was showed: chronic fatigue by over training. 4. In the treatment and participation period after injury outbreak were showed: treatment period was toward the inside 1 week and participation to play during the treatment. 5. To the injury prevention players responded warm up, and cool down and mental-concentration were needed. Supervisor, coach and players responded knee protector wearing was needed in elementary school players and helmet-chin protector wearing in general players. The game rule revision was not necessary and the agree and disagree for ground unity to resemble. Almost players to be like concrete ground.

Differential Expression of PPARγ, FASN, and ACADM Genes in Various Adipose Tissues and Longissimus dorsi Muscle from Yanbian Yellow Cattle and Yan Yellow Cattle

Ji, Shuang,Yang, Runjun,Lu, Chunyan,Qiu, Zhengyan,Yan, Changguo,Zhao, Zhihui Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.1

The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between cattle breeds and deposit of adipose tissues in different positions and the gene expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ($PPAR{\gamma}$), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACADM), which are associated with lipid metabolism and are valuable for understanding the physiology in fat depot and meat quality. Yanbian yellow cattle and Yan yellow cattle reared under the same conditions display different fat proportions in the carcass. To understand this difference, the expression of $PPAR{\gamma}$, FASN, and ACADM in different adipose tissues and longissimus dorsi muscle (LD) in these two breeds were analyzed using the Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction method (qRT-PCR). The result showed that $PPAR{\gamma}$ gene expression was significantly higher in adipose tissue than in LD in both breeds. $PPAR{\gamma}$ expression was also higher in abdominal fat, in perirenal fat than in the subcutaneous fat (p<0.05) in Yanbian yellow cattle, and was significantly higher in subcutaneous fat in Yan yellow cattle than that in Yanbian yellow cattle. On the other hand, FASN mRNA expression levels in subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat in Yan yellow cattle were significantly higher than that in Yanbian yellow cattle. Interestingly, ACADM gene shows greater fold changes in LD than in adipose tissues in Yan yellow cattle. Furthermore, the expressions of these three genes in lung, colon, kidney, liver and heart of Yanbian yellow cattle and Yan yellow cattle were also investigated. The results showed that the highest expression levels of $PPAR{\gamma}$ and FASN genes were detected in the lung in both breeds. The expression of ACADM gene in kidney and liver were higher than that in other organs in Yanbian yellow cattle, the comparison was not statistically significant in Yan yellow cattle.

Protective effects of peanut skin extract on high-fat and high-fructose diet-induced kidney injury in rats

Yang-Yang,Jing Yu,Jiaoyao Huo,Luting Yang,Yaping Yan 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.8

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming a major public health problem worldwide. This study aimed to explore whether peanut skin extract (PSE) has protective effects against high-fat and high-fructose (HF) diet-induced kidney injury. Rats were fed HF diet in the whole experiment, while rats in PSE-treated groups were supplemented with PSE. Finally, PSE reduced kidney tissue weight, perinephric fat weight, and levels of serum ammonia, creatinine, and urea nitrogen, along with decreases of renal IL-1β and TNF-α level. Histological examination indicated that PSE alleviated renal tubular dilatation, and degeneration and partial exfoliation of renal tubular epithelial cells. In addition, PSE decreased serum and urinary uric acid level, together with reductions of XOD production and XOD activity both in serum and liver, and down-regulated expressions of renal NLRP3 and ERS proteins. Thus, PSE may be a potential functional food for protecting against renal injury in high energy intake.

LPL gene Pvu II polymorphism and hypertriglycer-idemia: a meta-analysis involving 1,640 subjects

( Yan-yan Li ),( Yan-hong Zhou ),( Ge Gong ),( Hong-yu Geng ),( Xin-xing Yang ),( Xiang-ming Wang ),( Chuan-wei Zhou ),( Jian Xu ),( Yun Qian ) 대한내과학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.32 No.6

Background/Aims: Although lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene Pvu II polymorphism has been associated with an increased risk of hypertriglyceridemia (HT), there is no clear consensus within the scientific community. Methods: A meta-analysis of 1,640 subjects from six individual studies was conducted to better elucidate the potential relationship between the LPL gene Pvu II polymorphism and HT within the Chinese population. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated by using fixed effect models. Results: Our analysis indicated a significant association between LPL gene Pvu II polymorphism and HT within the Chinese population under allelic (OR, 1.550; 95% CI, 1.320 to 1.830; p = 1.158 × 10^-7), recessive (OR, 0.540; 95% CI, 0.390 to 0.750; p = 0.0002), dominant (OR, 1.889; 95% CI, 1.501 to 2.377; p = 5.960 × 10^-8), homozygous (OR, 2.167; 95% CI, 1.531 to 3.067; p = 1.242 × 10^-5), heterozygous (OR, 1.810; 95% CI, 1.419 to 2.309; p = 1.842 × 10^-6), and additive genetic models (OR, 1.553; 95% CI, 1.320 to 1.828; p = 1.158 × 10^-7). Conclusions: Because LPL gene Pvu II restriction fragment length polymorphism polymorphism was associated with an elevated risk of HT, the P+ allele carriers of the LPL gene might be predisposed to HT.

The Influence of Nozzles on Bottomhole Flow Field of Dual-diameter PDC Bit

Yan Yan,Zhichuan Guan,Cai Yang,Han Yan 한국유체기계학회 2020 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.13 No.1

In order to improve cleaning efficiency of dual-diameter PDC bit, the total flow area, inclination angle and azimuth angle of bit’s pilot and reaming nozzles were analyzed. By numerical simulation, the velocity, pressure and particle distribution of bottomhole are obtained. The results show that low pressure area of pilot downhole decreases while low pressure of reamer downhole increases with the increase of total flow area. The mud velocity of central bottomhole has the negative relationship with inclination angle and positive relationship with azimuth angle. Best cleaning efficiency can be achieved when total flow area is 12 ㎠, inclination angles of pilot and reamer are respectively 15° and 25°, and azimuth angles of pilot and reamer are respectively 60° and 30°.

Yang Liu Yan

Yang Liu Yan 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.2021 No.8

Urinary Biomarkers for the Noninvasive Detection of Gastric Cancer

Li, Dehong,Yan, Li,Lin, Fugui,Yuan, Xiumei,Yang, Xingwen,Yang, Xiaoyan,Wei, Lianhua,Yang, Yang,Lu, Yan The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2022 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.22 No.-

Gastric cancer (GC) is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Thus, early diagnosis is important to improve disease prognosis. Endoscopic assessment represents the most reliable imaging method for GC diagnosis; however, it is semi-invasive and costly and heavily depends on the skills of the endoscopist, which limit its clinical applicability. Therefore, the search for new sensitive biomarkers for the early detection of GC using noninvasive sampling collection methods has attracted much attention among scientists. Urine is considered an ideal biofluid, as it is readily accessible, less complex, and relatively stable than plasma and serum. Over the years, substantial progress has been made in screening for potential urinary biomarkers for GC. This review explores the possible applications and limitations of urinary biomarkers in GC detection and diagnosis.