한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

당뇨병 백서의 간세포에서 Glucokinase 활성도 및 유전자 발현에 대한 인슐린의 영향

강성이,팽정령,서광식,안규정,우정택,김성운,양인명,김진우,김영설,김광원,최영길 경희대학교 유전공학연구소 1993 遺傳工學論文集 Vol.5 No.-

목적 당대사의 조절 상태에 따른 생체 변화를 분자 수준에서 이해하고자 식이 조건을 달리한 정상 백서와 화학적으로 유도된 당뇨병 백서의 간조직에서 혈당수준과 인슐린치료 정도에 따라 나타나는 글루코키나제 활성도 및 유전자 발현을 분석하였다. 방법 스트렙토조토신 정맥투여 후 당뇨병의 유발을 확인하고, 인슐린을 1일 3회 3일간 복강내로 투여하여 상태를 안정시킨 후, 인슐린 투여군은 인슐린 투여 6시간이내에 그리고 인슐린 비투여군은 24시간 후 단두하여 채혈하고 복강을 열어 간조직을 채취하였다. 채취한 간조직에서 글루코키나제 활성도는 인산화된 포도당에서 NADH의 형성을 형광분광계로 측정하였으며, 글루코키나제 유전자 mRNA발현은 Northern 분석법을 이용하였다. 성적 정상 백서에서 공복상태와 식이를 섭취한 경우에 간조직의 글루코키나제 효소의 활성은 차이가 없었으나, 글루코키나제 유전자 mRNA 발현은 증가되었다. 당뇨병이 유발된 백서의 간조직에서 글루코키나제 효소의 활성 및 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현은 정상 백서에 비하여 낮았다. 인슐린 투쳐 후 글루코키나제 효소의 활성 및 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현이 증가되었고, 특히 혈당이 정상화된 경우에서 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현이 증가도었다. 결론 인슐린에 의한 간조직에서 글루코키나제 효소의 활성 및 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA을 증가를 볼수 있었다. 당뇨병 백서에서 인슐린 투여 후에 혈당조절이 안된 경우 간조직의 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현이 증가가 없는 것으로 보아 글루코키나제 mRNA의 발현에는 인슐린 이외의 다른 요소가 관여할 것으로 생각된다. The liver-specific hexokinase isoenzyme, referred to as glucokinase, is thought to play a key reglulatory role in hepatic glucose metabolism. The glucokinase gene is, therefore, of interest both because of its tissue-specific expression and because of the several regulatory processes that can be analyzed. The level of hepatic glucokinase activity appears to be determined essentially by regulation of the rate of enzyme synthesis, with insulin playing a leading role as an inducer. We investigated the role of insulin for the induction of glucokinase in the liver of diabetic rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin 7 days before the experiment. Regular insulin was given by three days intraperitoneal injection at 8-h interval. The glucokinase mRNA in the liver was estimated by Nothern blot assay, as well as by fluorometric enzyme activity assay. Glucokinase activity was not reduced in the liver of normal fasting rats as compared to normal fed rats. And glucokinase activity was reduced in the liver of diabetic rats as compared to normal rats. In diabetic rats treated with insulin, glucokinase enzyme activity were increased. But glucokinase mRNA expression was only increased in normoglycemic diabetic rat with treated with insulin as compared to hyperglycemic rat. These data indicate that insulin stimulates hepatic glucokinase enzyme activity and mRNA expression. But other hormonal or metabolic factors may be contribute to regulation of glucokinase mRNA expression.

혈액 투석 환자에서 중심정맥 협착에 대한 스텐트 삽입술 : Wallstent Placement

임대승,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이정우,강정아,김정희,이민수,정준용,최시완,정진옥,성인환,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

Stenosis of central vein is a common complication arising after percutaneous subclavian vein catheter insertion performed for temporary vascular access in chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. There are several treatment methods for the condition like percutaneous angioplasty(PTA), stent insertion, and surgery, but recent trend is toward PTA and stents. Among the patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure from March 1993 to May 2002 and undergoing hemodialysis through AV fistula, the 14 Patients in whom central vein stenosis arose were selected for the study. A total of 28 percutaneous interventions(5 PTA and 23 stent placement) were performed, and restenosis rate and the time taken till the restenosis in de novo lesions and instant lesions were compared. All 28 cases were operated successfully. The 14 cases that received both anigioplasty and stent placement initially. (de novo lesion : 14 cases), Among the 10 cases with de novo lesion that followed up more than 1 year, 3 cases are currently undergoing hemodialysis without restenosis, and the remaining 7 cases have recurred stenosis with the mean time to restenosis of 10.9 months. In the 7 cases in whom stenosis recurred, 11 interventions were done(instent lesion: 11 cases). 4 of these were using only ballon angioplasty with 100% restenosis rate and the mean time of 3 months until restenosis. The remaining 7 cases were using both balloon angioplasty and stent placement, also with 100% restenosis rate but with the mean time of 12 months until restenosis, which was later than the group receiving only balloon angioplasty. In treating the patients with central vein stenosis, stent placement seems to be more advantageous over PTA in terms of restenosis rate and the mean duration of patency. In the case of instent lesion, inserting the stent for the second time after stenosis recurred lengthened the duration of patency compared to performing balloon angioplasty alone.

오리부산물과 한약재를 이용한 추출액의 영양성분 및 중금속 노출에 대한 피해 완화 효과 : (Ⅱ) 중금속 노출에 대한 오리추출액의 피해 완화 효과 (Ⅱ) Damage Mitigation Effects on Heavy-metals Exposure of Peking-Duck By-Product Extracts

한종현,이우진,조성균,이미정,정미란,전정우,김운영,박성혜 동아시아식생활학회 2003 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.13 No.4

This study was performed to investigate the effects of peking-duck extracts added with medicinal herbs(DJ) on the intoxication of heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, As) in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150±15g, were randomly assigned to 5 groups: basal diet only in normal control group(NCG); basal diet and heavy metals without DJ injection in heavy metal control group(HMC); basal diet, heavy metals and DJ(3㎎/㎖) injection in heavy metal low duck juice group(HMLD), basal diet, heavy metals and DJ(30㎎/㎖) injection in heavy metal middle duck juice group(HMMlD); basal diet, heavy metal and DJ(300㎎/㎖) injection in heavy metal high duck juice group(HMHD). Hg and As was injected by 50ppm and Cd and Pb by 25ppm for 17days. Also DJ oral feeding was conducted for 28days. The result of this study were as follows: Food intake and body weight gain in heavy metal administered groups were lower than those of NCG. Liver, kidney and testis weights were not significantly different among 5 groups. GOT, GPT and BUN activities were significantly reduced in DJ treated groups as compared to HMC. DJ showed the suppressing effect on the accumulation of Hg, Pb and Cd in serum, liver and kidney. Fecal Hg and Cd excretions increased with DJ feeding. The results suggested that DJ may have some protective effects on Hg, Cd and Pb intoxication by reducing the accumulation m tissues and increasing excretion. This study also showed the effective way of using duck-extract and its application to the oriental medicine.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

골격성 Ⅲ급 부정교합에서 수직적 안모형태에 따른 혀와 설골의 위치 비교

우광수,윤정현,김상철 대한치과교정학회 2000 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.30 No.5

혀와 설골의 위치가 안모형태와 어떤 양태로 상관성을 갖는지 비교평가하기 위해 69명의 성인군과 63명의 성장군에서 두부방사선계측사진을 얻었다. 성인군과 성장군에서 SN 평면에 대해 큰 하악평면각을 갖는 군과 작은 하악평면각을 갖는 군으로 구분하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1.혀의 높이는, 큰 하악평면각을 갖는 군보다는 작은 하악평면각을 갖는 군에서, 성인군보다는 성장군에서 높게 나타났다. 2.설골의 수직적 높이는 큰 하악평면각을 갖는 군보다는 작은 하악평면각을 갖는 군에서, 성인군보다는 성장군에서 높게 나타났다. 3.연령과 안모형태의 수직적 분류에 따른 설골의 전후방적인 위치는 차이가 없었다. 4.두개저에 대한 설골의 기울기에 있어, 성인군보다 성장군에서 좀 더 가파른 경사도를 갖고 있었다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the position of tongue and hyoid bone in relation to vertical facial patterns in the adult and child. Lateral cephalograms taken in adults(63 cases, 11.7 years in average age) and children(69 cases, 22.6 years in average age) were traced and measured about position and posture of tongue and hyoid bone using the horizontal and vertical reference lines. The angle of mandibular plane to SN plane was employed to classify the samples into groups of hypodivergent and hyperdivergent. The comparison of the tongue/hyoid bone measurements between hypodivergent group and hyperdivergent group in the adult and child were statistically executed with Student's t-test. The results were as follows ; 1.The tongue height was lower in the hyperdivergent group than in hypodivergent group, and higher in children than in adults. 2.The vertical height of hyoid bone was higher in hypodivergent group than in hyperdivergent group and also higher in children than in adults. 3.The anteroposterior position was of no significant difference in relation to age or vertical facial pattern. 4.The inclination of hyoid bone in relation to cranial base was steeper in children than in adults.

BCG를 대량 투여 받은 생쥐 가슴샘 겉질의 미세구조

고정식,안의태,박경호,우성임,한영복,경홍기 대한해부학회 1997 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.30 No.3

과학교사에 관한 선행연구 분석

우종옥,정진우,홍성일 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1995 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.5 No.1

There were many studies on the science teacher. Also, there were many researches on the science teacher education. What seems to be needed is more analysis and synthesis of these results. In this study, the results of preceding-research were analyzed and categorized. The study subjects were preceding-researches published on the 'Journal of the Korean Association for Research in Science Education' and the 'Science Education' of America. The results of this study were as follows: The trend of research on science teacher and teacher education became more various and diverse. The domain of research were categorized in three: (1) Teacher Character(of Cognitive and Affective), (2) Teacher Education(of in-service and pre-service), (3) Professional Practice (of Teaching). The implication of this study was that it was more necessary to investigate on the teacher's teaching strategies.

月牙山의 植物相과 生物敎科書에 나오는 植物種類와의 比較

鄭宇珪,成敏雄,鄭重圭 慶尙大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.28 No.2

경상남도 진양군, 진주시에 인접한 월아산 지역의 식물을 1986년 3월부터 1988년 8월까지 채집하여 월아산의 식물목록을 작성하고 이를 1985년 이후 발행 된 국민학교, 중학교 및 고등학교 생물 교과서에 나오는 식물과 비교하여 월아산을 교재원으로써 활용여부를 검토하고자 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 이 지역의 식물상은 3아문 5강 1아강 41목 117과 368속 497종 1아종 75변종 7품종으로 모두 580종류로 구성되어 있다. 이중 53종류의 식재종,79종류의 외래종 및 19종류의 귀화종이 포함되어 있었다. 이들 중 교과서에 나타나는 식재종, 외래종, 귀화종은 각각 22종, 24종과 6종이었다. 2. 월아산의 조사된 관속식물 580종류는 석송아문 2종, 속새아문 2종, 고사리강 20종, 나자식물강 14종, 단자엽식물아강 117종, 쌍자엽식물아강 425종으로 구성되어 있었다. 3. 이 지역의 식물에 대한 도시화지수와 양치식물 계수는 각각 17.3과 0.89로 나타났다. 이들의 값은 한반도의 100종과 1.68보다 낮다. 4. 가장 많은 종류를 나타낸 과 (Family)는 국화과 50종(8.6%)이고, 다음이 벼과 42종(7.2%),장미과 34종(5.9%), 콩과 28종(4.8%), 백합과 26종(4.5%)의 순이었다. 5. 이 지역의 자원식물은 총 580종류 중 식용자원이 249종 (41.4%)으로 가장 많고 다음이 약용자원 225종(38.8%) ,관상용자원87종(15.0%)이었으며, 공업용 자원이 4종(0.7%)으로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 6. 생물 교과서에 나오는 식물은 국민학교 33종, 중학교 63종, 고등학교 208종인데 중복을 피하는 종수는 총 214종이었다. 교과서에 나오는 214종 중에 월아산에서 조사된 식물은 105종으로 국민학교 19종(57.6%), 중학교32종(50.8%),고등학교 80종(38.4%)이 생물 교과서 나오는 식물임이 밝혀졌다. 7. 생물 교과서에 나오는 식물 214종 중 월아산에서 조사된 식물이 105종(49.1%)을 차지하고 있어 월아산은 진주지역의 교재원으로써 활용도가 높은 식물상으로 구성되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. Flora and plant resources of. Mt. Woula belonging to Chinyang -gun. Kyongsangnam-do province and neighboring the city of Chinju were collected and surveyed from March. 1986. The plant list of Mt. Woula was compared with the plant kinds written in the bioloy text books primary school, millde school and high school which have been published since 1985. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The flora of this area consisted of 3 subdivision, 5 classes, 1 subclass, 41 orders, 117 families, 368 genera, 497 species, 1 subspeices, 75 varicties, 7 forma. The total plants of 580 species were composed of 53 species in the planted plants, 79 species in the introduced plants, 19 species in the naturalized plants, and other. Among them, planted plants, introduced plants, and naturalized plants in the biology text books were 22, 24 and 6 species. 2. The vascular bundle plants of 580 species collected in Mt. Woula were composed of 2 species in Lycopsida, 2 species in Sphenopsida, 20 species in Pteropsida, 14 species in Gymnospermae, 117 species in Monocotyledoneae, and 425 species in Dicotyledoneae. 3. Urbanization index and crytogram coefficient in this area showed 17.3 and 0.89 respectively. These value is lower than 100 index and 1.68 coefficient of Korean peninsula. 4. The families containing the larges number of species were 50 species(8.5%) in Compositae, 42 species(7.2%) in Grmineae, and others. 5. The plant resources of 580 species in this area consisted of 240 species(41.4%) in edible resources, 225 species(38.8%) in medicinal resources, 87 species(15.0%) in ornamental resources, and others. 6. Plants written down on biology text books in this area consisted of 19 species (57.6%) in primary school, 32 species (50.8%) in middle school and 80 species (38.4%) in high school. The plants writtern in biology text books were 33 species in primary school, 63 species in middle school and 208 species in high school. The total list was 214 species. 7. The plants which appeared in the biology text books among the total plant kinds surveyed in Mt. Woula were 105 species(49.1%) of all the plant kinds written down on the text books. It was shown that the plant kinds of Mt. Woula were composed of flora valuable as the teaching material at Chinju area.

향나무와 그 變種들의 類綠關係에 關한 核學的 硏究

鄭宇珪,孫玲杰,成敏雄,金鼎錫 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.8 No.-

In this study the relationship among Juniperus chinensis and its seven varieties-J. chinensis var. procumbens, J. chinensis var. horizontalis, J. chinensis var sargentii, J. chinensis var, kaizuka, J. chinensis var. aureo-variegata, J. chinensis var. globosa, J. chinensis var. aureo-globosa-and J. rigida was studied by using the karyological methods. The results obtained from this study were as follows : In the karyotype analysis, J. chinensis, J. chinensis var. horizontalis, J. chinensis var. sargentii, J. chinensis var. globosa, J. chinensis var. aureo-globosa, and J. rigida were diploid with 2n=22, although J. chinensis var. procumbens, J. chinensis var. kaizuka and J. chinensis var. aureo-variegata were tetraploid with 2n=44. According to descending order of the total length of the chromosomes and the length of short and long arms, from the arrangement order of chromosomes and the position of centromeres, J. chinensis var. procumbens and J. chinensis var. horizontalis were categorized into the first group J. chinensis var. kaizuka and J. chinensis var. aureo-variegata were into the second group, and J. chinensis var, globosa and J. chinensis var. aureo-globosa were into the third group, respectively. Aneuploid(2n=26) in the C-band staining of J. chinensis var. aureo-variegata was identified, although it normally showed 2n=44 as karyotype. Because light was emitted from all chromatids of the samples by fluorescent light staining with DAPI, A-T rich regions would be located all over the chromatids.