중학교 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생의 언어적 상호작용 분석

최경희,박종윤,최병순,남정희,최경순,이기순 한국과학교육학회 2004 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.24 No.6

이 연구의 목적은 중학교 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용이 실제로 어떻게 이루어지고 있는지를 관찰ㆍ분석하여 이에 대한 특징을 추출함으로써 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용에 대한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있다. 이를 위해 수업 분석 준거를 개발하였으며, 8명의 과학 교사의 수업 12차시를 관찰 및 녹화하였으며, 교사와의 면담을 실시하였다. 수업 분석 결과, 관찰한 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용은 주로 교사의 단순 확인/기억 질문, 학생의 단답형 응답, 교사의 즉각적 피드백이 주를 이루었다. 교사가 사고 질문을 하고 지연 피드백을 부여 하는 경우 학생들이 자신의 생각을 드러내고 이를 기반으로 사고를 진전시켜 나갈 수 있었으나 이러한 사례는 그 수가 상당히 적었다. 교사들은 학생들의 사고를 유발하고 이를 진전시키기 위한 노력보다는 수업 내용을 논리적 흐름에 맞추어 체계적으로 제시하는 것에 더 큰 중점을 두는 경향이 있었다. 또한 관찰한 수업에서 교사가 시범 실험, 모형 혹은 실물 수업자료 등을 활용할 때 보다 많은 수의 학생들이 적극적으로 수업에 참여하여 자신의 생각을 드러내었으나 교사가 학생들의 생각을 바탕으로 학생들의 사고과정을 진전시켜 나가는 과정을 도모하지 않음으로써 학생들의 사고과정을 단절시키는 경우가 많았다. 따라서 수업 활동과 수업 자료 활용이 효과를 거두기 위해서는 각각의 활용에 있어서 학생들과 구체적으로 어떠한 상호 작용을 형성해야 하는지에 대해 연구가 이루어져야하며, 또한 교사는 교사의 질문이나 피드백이 학생들의 학습에 중요한 역할을 함을 인식해야 한다. The purpose of this study is to analyze verbal interaction between teachers and students in order to collect qualitative data on the characteristics of the interaction to enhance teaching efficacy. Total of 12 classes of eight science teachers were observed and were interviewed. The classes were video taped and all the verbal interactions were transcribed. The transcribed content and interviews were further analyzed to draw any conclusions on the verbal interaction between teachers and students. Analysis criteria for the data on the class and interview were developed based on the literature review and applied to analyze the collected content. The analyzed data showed that verbal interactions composed of confirmation questions for memorization, students' short responses and teacher's immediate feedbacks. The results of the study also suggested that there needs to be further studies on the interactional techniques for teacher in utilizing the class materials and activities. The teachers should acknowledge the importance of the questions and feedbacks of teachers for students to stimulate their sound learning through literatures.

저소득층 취업모 자기보호 아동의 사회적 능력 , 또래관계 및 정서발달

최경순(Kyung Soon Choi),정현희(Hyeon Hee Jeong) 한국아동학회 1996 兒童學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

This study investigated social competence, peer contacts, and emotional development in children of lower SES employed mothers. Instruments were Choi`s (1992) questionnaire on social competence, Pettit`s (1988) questionnaire on peer contacts, and Kang`s (1986) and Kim`s (1993) questionnaires on emotional development. The data was analyzed by t-test. Social class differences were found in children`s social capability, leadership and anxiety, in peer contacts, and in emotional disturbance and aggression.

팔당호의 생태학적 수질환경의 변화와 미생물 분포

허성남,민경희,유재근,최순영 숙명여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1999 자연과학논문집 Vol.- No.10

팔당호의 생태학적 환경요인의 계절적인 변화를 분석하므로서 이것으로 인한 식물성 플랑크톤의 연관성을 고찰과 함께 오염과정을 파악하여 수질오염의 예방의 기초자료를 얻고자 본 실험을 수행하였다. 1994년 4월부터 1995년 10월까지 계절별로 3개 지점에서 시료를 채취하여 표층부와 저층부의 수질을 분석하였다 용존산소(DO)와 pH는 각각 7.0-11.6 ㎎/ℓ와 6.9-8.9의 범위이었으며 COD와 BOD농도는 각각 1.6-4.8 ㎎/ℓ와 0.8-2.9 ㎎/ℓ이었으며,SS는 1.8-8.6 ㎎/ℓ의 농도차를 보여 주었다. 또한 NH₃-N와 PO₄-P의 농도는 각각 0.161-0.478 ㎎/ℓ와 0.003-0.073 ㎎/ℓ이었다. 표층의 chlorophyll a의 농도는 낮게는 북한강 유입부위인 12.3 ㎎/ℓ로부터 가장 높은 경안천 유입부위 23.8 ㎎/ℓ의 범위를 보여주고 있다. pH,전도도, COD, BOD, SS ,총인, chlorophyll a의 농도는 하계절에 가장 높았으며 이 결과로 미루어 보아 하계절에는 하천에 오염물질이 가장 많이 유입되는 것으로 추정된다. Station별로 조사한 결과 이들의 농도는 경안천 하류인 St. 3가 남한강 하류인 St. 2이나 댐지역의 St. 4보다 높은 결과를 보여 주었으므로 경안천 상류에서 오염원이 가장 많이 유입되는 것으로 추정된다. 아울러 종속영양세균의 분포도 경안천이 다른 지역보다 가장 높게 나타났다. Seasonal variation of water quality was examined in the reservoir, lake Paldang on Han River, the inlet stations from three rivers, North Han River, South Han liver, Kyung-An stream, and the station of dam area of the lake. Water samples were collected bimonthly from surface and bottom layers at four different stations of the lake Paldang from April 1993 to August 1994. With respect to the seasonal variation, pH, conductivity, and concentrations of COD, BOD, SS, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll a were higher in summer compared with those of autumn or other seasons, while concentrations of DO, NH₃-N, and PO₄-P were increased in winter. Concentrations of COD, BOD, chlorophyll a, total nitrogen and phosphorus were the highest at the station of Kyung-An stream rather than those of other three stations. The average concentrations of chlorophyll a surface water were from 12.3 ㎎/ℓ at North Han River to 23.8 ㎎/ℓ at Kyung-An stream. Heterotrophic bacterial distribution showed higher at the station of Kyung-An steam than those of South Han River and the dam station of the lake.

Nitrofurazone의 光分解에 關한 硏究(第一報)

崔閏壽,石敬順 대구효성 가톨릭 대학교 1988 연구논문집 Vol.36 No.1

The photodecomposition mechanism of nitrofurazone was investigated in several solvent systmes such as water, methanol and ethanol solution. On irradiation with light, the pH of nitrofurazone solution was changed with releasing of protons from nitrofurazone, primarily, and photodecomposition is followed to produce a new product having absorption maximum at 210nm finally. It seemed, however, that the photodecomposition process may be varied depending on various solvent systems. In the case of ethanol and acidic methanol system, new reversible and transitional states were appeared at 430nm and 530nm, and these absorption peaks were diminished gradually. RNA and uracil facilitated the decomposition of nitrofurazone. It suggested that the nucleotide can react with thes photodecompositional intermediates of nitrofurazone to occur the cutaneous responses.

조선조 가체논의와 그 요인

최경순 服飾文化學會 1996 服飾文化硏究 Vol.4 No.1

This study is concerned with the prohibition of False Hair(가체) and a primary factor in Lee Dynasty. Assuming that the trend of simplification in false hair is closely related to the idea of practical science to be the social and ideal background of those times, we researched. The results are as follows: Constant discussions and prohibitions against false hair were designed to differentiate between classes but to discard a cariety. Goge(고계) came to be a big problem during the reign of king Sung-Jong(成宗) and after on argument for the usage of false hair was in vogue king Young-Jo(英祖) and Jung-Jo(正祖). Finally the wearing of Hooge(후계) came to be a national regulation in manners and customs, and also brought the realization of prohibition against the usage of false hair. It is believed that the performance and the effect of the prohibition against the usage of false hair have a close relation with the idea of practical science.

淸代 乾隆 42年《천대당안》服飾硏究

崔景順 服飾文化學會 1999 服飾文化硏究 Vol.7 No.5

Examine the dress which the Emperor actually wore in Gun-ryung 42nd year of Ching dynasty, comparison of 《Cheong-hoi-jeon-do》 with the Emperors year-round dress in Gun-ryung the 41st year was made and summarize the result as follows. It was used almost similar to the code of 《Cheong-hoi-jeon-do》. Though the materiasl, and colors were more diverse than those of the previous year, it seems that actual use of material was plain under the influence of mourning. All the materials for summer hat were rattans. And velvet was the material for the patrol hat, but actually used before they change to summer material after fur use was over according to the season, which can be said as more reasonable use than the code. Materials of coat were more diverse than the previous year and also they put on ko-hemp cloth which was not found in the previous year. This can be understood that they expressed their guilt-consciousness to the dead as dress material by wearing ko-hemp cloth during the summer after period of mourning was over. And they put on the ko-hemp, the Emperors ordinary dress, much longer time than the previous year and this seems to be coherent to the meaning of wearing ko-hemp cloth. They followed the Emperor's Jo-bok1 one for the Jae-bok which were not systematized and Jae-dae used Jo-dae2 as the Emperor's Jae-bok in 42nd year. This was the same as the Jae-bok code of the previous year. Jo-ju did not follow the code of 《Cheong-hoi-jeon-do》, but made a wide variety. For the belt, the same as 41st year, it marked the gem decoration style on the Jae-bok belt as a square type and the mourning dress by using the round type. The Emperors dress in 41nd year showed one side of the patrol clothes by the patrol of San-dong. On the contrary, it was also the chance to see one side of funeral garments in 42nd year. In Gun-ryung 42nd year, the Emperor put on the funeral garments for hundred days. Accordingly even in parts, we can see that the Emperor wore two kinds of dress for hundred days, that is, color dress and white dress. While on duty, in other words, everyday dress was only blue color and also the same clolr for the belt and shoes. But didn't put on Jo-ju. When they were in mourning, they wore white dress and belt as a funeral garments, which were called Hyo-bok, Hyo-bok.

OCT 플라스미드를 갖는 원유 분해세균에 의한 Octane 분해능

최순영,김창숙,이명혜,황문옥,민경희 숙명여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1991 자연과학논문집 Vol.- No.2

원유 분해세균에 의한 원유 분해능을 조사한 결과, Xanthomonas campestris M12. Xanthomonas sp. M28, Acinetobacter lwoffi G1, and Klebsiella pneumoniae L25, 그리고 Pseudomonas maltophilia N246 등의 순서로 나타났다. Xanthomonas campestris M12, Xanthomonas sp. M28, 그리고 Pseudomonas maltophilia N246 균주 모두 octane 분해시의 온도는 30℃에서 최적이었으며, 최적 pH는 X. campestris M12와 Xanthomonas sp. M28이 7.0∼7.5이었고, P. maltophilia N246이 7.5∼9.0이었다. N246 균주의 최적 NaCl 농도는 3.0∼3.5%이었다. P. maltophilia N246와 X. campestris M12는 모두 플라스미드를 갖고 있음을 확인하였고, N246 균주로부터 플라스미드를 제거하였을 경우 octane 분해능이 소실되었으므로 이 플라스미드 위에 octane 분해 유전자가 있음이 확인되었다. 이 균주의 OCT 플라스미드의 크기는 118kb이었다. 또한, N246 균주는 ampicillin 항생제에 내성을 나타내었다. Xanthomonas campestris M12. Xanthomonas sp. M28. Acinetobacter lwoffi G1, and Klebsiella pneumoniae L25, Pseudomonas maltophilia N246 were screened to increase the ability for crude oil utilization. All of these could utilize hexadecane and octane with the exception of N 246 strain for only octane biodegradation. Thus N246, M12, and M28, strains were specially examined for octane oxidation. Octane biodegradation by three strains showed the optimal conditions at 30C, pH7.0∼9.0 and 0.2∼0.3% octane concentration as a substrate. It was found that P. maltophila N246 and X. campestris M12 had plasmid and the cured plasmid from N246 strain lost octane utilization. Therefore, it was confirmed that certain genes for octane utilization were located on OCT plasmid in N246 strain. The size of OCT plasmid in N246 strain was 118 kb. The N246 strain was resistant to ampicillin.

Acinetobacter sp. BE-254에 의한 유화제의 생산

최경숙,장경립,임이종,김순한,정영기,이태호 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.1

The strain producing bioemulsifier was isolated from soil samples. The isolated strain was identified as the genus Acinetobacter through its morphological, cultural and physiological characteristics. The highest emulsification activity and stability by Acinetobacter sp. BE-254 was observed after 5 days of cultivation in the culture medium containing n-hexadecane 4%, NaNO₃0.2%, KH₂PO₄0.01%, MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.01%, CaCl₂0.01%, and yeast extract 0.01%. The optimum pH and temperature for bioemulsifier production were pH 7.0 and 30℃, respectively. Furthermore the most of bioemulsifier was produced during the exponential growth phase, and this suggested that the bioemulsifier production was growth-associated. The bioemulsifier showed good emulsification activity on various emulsifying substrates such as hydrocarbons, edible oils, and petroleum fractions.

아동발달에 따른 전통 '효' 가치관 및 양육실제

최경순 신라대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 自然科學論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the children's perception of filial piety, Hyo and the children's perception of parent's child-rearing behavior by child development. The subjects of this study were 150 elementary school children, 180 middle school students and high school 170 students. Data were analyzed by M, SD, F-test, Cronbach α, Duncan's multiple range test using the SPSS PC+ computer program. The results indicated that most of the children perceived filia1 piety, "Hyo" as desirable : that they perceived "Hyo" as practiceable and practice : that they perceived positive view about their parent's traditional child-rearing behavior. There were significant differences in children's "Hyo" as practiceable, practice and parent's child-rearing behavior by child development.

송곳니구름버섯(Irpex zonatus) BN2에 의한 다핵방향족 탄화수소화합물의 분해

최양순,윤경하 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1996 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.2 No.2

우리 나라 자연 환경에서 분리 동정된 송곳니구름버섯 (Irpex zonatus) BN2 균주의 리그닌 분해효소활성과 anthracene, phenanthrene 및 benzo(a)pyrene의 분해능을 조사하였다. 송곳니구름버섯 BN2 균주는 lignin peroxidase (LiP) 와 veratryl alcohol oxidase (VAO)를 생산하지 않고 laccase와 manganese dependent peroxidase (MnP)를 생산했다. MnP는 배양 3일부터 생산되었으나 효소활성은 매우 낮았다. 반면 laccase는 배양 초부터 지속적으로 생산되었고 활성은 대단히 높았다. 균주를 PAHs 화합물에 접종하여 배양했을 때 anthracene 분해율은 배양 1주에서 74.6%, 2주에서 92.9%, 4주에서 100%의 분해율을 접종하여 나타났다. phenanthrene 의 경우 배양 1주와 2주에서 각각 74.3%와 91.6%의 분해율을 나타냈고 4주에서 100%의 분해율을 나타냈다. benzo(a)pyrene 은 각각 41.8%, 49.0% 및 82.5%의 분해율을 나타내서 다른 PAHs 화합물보다 비교적 낮은 분해율을 보였다. 본 실험 결과 송곳니구름버섯 BN2 균주에 의한 PAHs 화합물의 분해는 주로 laccase에 의하여 이루어진다고 생각된다. The present research was undertaken to investigate the activity of ligninolytic enzymes and the biodegradation capability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with Irpex zonatus BN2, isolated from nature and identified. For the assay of enzyme activities, the isolate did not produce lignin peroxidase (LiP) and veratryl alcohol oxidase (VAO), but laccase and manganese dependent peroxidase (MnP). While the activity for MnP was low (61.6 n㏖/㎎·protein). its laccase activity was very high (1185.9 n㏖/㎎·protein). Moreover. laccase had appeared earlier than MnP When the isolate was incubated with 10㎎/L (final concentration) of anthracene, phenanthrene and benzo(a)pyrene, the isolate removed anthracene 74.6%, 92.9%, and 100% respectively for 7,14 and 28 days incubation. In case of phenanthrene was 74.3%, 91.6% and 100% respectively. Finally the results of benzo(a)pyrene was 41.8%, 49.0% and 82.5%, respectively. The results suggest that laccase of Irpex zonatus BN2 should play an important role in the biodegradation of these PAHs compounds.