김대건 신부의 성사 사목활동과 행정 사목활동

김정숙(Kim, Jeong-Sook) 한국교회사연구소 2021 敎會史硏究 Vol.- No.59

김대건 신부는 1845년 8월 17일 사제 서품을 받았고, 1846년 9월 16일 새남터에서 참수치명했다. 사제로서 생활한 기간이 13개월이다. 본고는 이 13개월간 김대건 신부가 행한 일에 대한 검토이다. 여기서는 김대건 신부의 사목활동의 범위를 확정하고 그 활동의 세세한 면면을 찾았다. 자료로는 기존의 문헌 사료는 물론, 지역답사를 겸하며 관련 지역의 전승까지 활용했다. 시작에 앞서 김대건 신부의 사목활동의 개념과 방향을 전환할 필요를 제시했다. 그리고 그의 체력과 외모, 성사 사목 태도, 사는 모습 등을 살폈다. 이어 시복 재판에 나온 증언을 토대로 김대건 신부의 성사 사목활동을 정리했다. 김 신부는 서울과 경기지역에서 성사 사목활동을 했는데, 그 빈도는 반반이었다. 성사에 참여한 사람들은 상호 간 인적 관계를 가지고 있으며, 교회 내 신앙적 위치도 깊은 이들이었다. 이와 더불어 재판 증언은 김 신부의 성사 활동을 포괄적으로 밝히기에는 한계가 있음을 지적했다. 이를 뒷받침하기 위해 남경문 등 증언자로 나오지 않았으면서 김 신부로부터 성사를 본 사람들, 또 신부의 옥중에서의 성사 사목 등을 짚고, 당시 교회 상황을 분석했다. 다음으로 김대건 신부의 특수 사목으로 신자들 조직 방법과 그 운영 방식을 밝히고, 김 신부의 인적 자원을 확인했다. 연평도 항해에 나갔던 사람들, 신부댁에서 봉사하던 여성 등 김 신부와 함께 일한 이들도 역시 상호 인적 관계가 긴밀하고, 신앙생활도 활발한 이들이었다. 김 신부는 이들 인력을 배치하여 교회를 점조직으로 운영해 갔다. 한편, 김대건 신부는 전교자금을 운영했는데, 포목과 은괴 등을 통한 물품으로 국내외 차익을 통해 자금을 늘리고자 했다. 신자들에게 돈을 대주어 배를 사서 장사하도록 하면서 바닷길을 개척·운영했다. 또한 김 신부는 부제 때부터 해오던 신학생 교육도 재개하여 이어갔다. 그는 이러한 교회 업무를 처리하면서, 조선교회 부주교의 역할까지도 감당했다. 김대건 신부는 기해박해 이후 폐허화된 교회를 재건했고, 두 선교사가 조선에 정착 활동할 기반을 다져 놓았다. 메스트르 신부와 최양업 신부는 각기 다른 길로 입국했지만, 그가 개척한 해양로는 이후 조선교회와 세계교회의 연결로가 되었다. 그뿐만 아니라 김 신부는 조선 조정에 새 문화에 대한 충격을 가져다주었다. 무엇보다도 그는 조선인이 신부가 되는 길을 보여주었고, 한국인에게 꿈을 열어 주었다. Father Kim Dae-geon was ordained priest on August 17, 1845, and was beheaded at Saenamteo on September 16, 1846. At the time of his martyrdom he has completed 13 months since his priestly ordination. This article is a review of what Father Kim Dae-geon did during these 13 months. For my research, I used not only existing historical documents, but also information of local traditions of found during my field surveys on the geographic areas where father did his Pastoral work. As a starting point it seemed important to me to present the need of changing the concept and direction of Father Kim’s pastoral activity. It also seemed important to me to highlight the strength of his physical appearance, his own personal way of conceiving and living the sacraments. Then, based on the testimony from his process of beatification, I summarized Father Kim Dae-geon’s sacramental ministry. By this data, Father Kim carried out his sacramental pastoral activities between Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, and the regional frequency was half and a half. Those who participated in the formation for the reception of the sacraments had a personal relationship with each other, and they also had a deep religious position in the life of the local Church. In addition, I pointed out the limitations of the witnesses during the process of beatification; those testimonies remain short and do not comprehensively reveal the fullness of Father Kim’s sacramental ministry. To support this, I analyzed the situation in the church at the time by pointing to people who did not appear as witnesses, such as Nam Kyung-moon, and the work of pastoral ministry carried out in the prisons where the sacramental life was preached and prepared. Next, I try to explain the originality of the pastoral work of father Kim Dae-geon specially the way he organized and interacted with the believers and prepared them as a resource for his work of evangelization. Those who worked with Father Kim, such as those who went on a voyage to Yeonpyeong Island for finding the entrance for the missionaries and the women who served at the presbytery, also had close personal relationships and were active in their religious life. Father Kim organized these belivers as a branch organization to run the church. On the other hand, Father Kim Dae-geon ran the funds of the mission, and he wanted to increase the funds through import profits with goods such as cloth and silver ingots. He opened and operated the sea route by lending money to believers to buy ships and trade. In addition, Father Kim continued to educate seminaries, which he had been doing since the time of his deacon. While handling these church affairs, he was even considered as the vice-bishop of the Joseon Church. Father Kim Dae-geon rebuilt the church that was ruined after the Gihae persecution, and laid the foundation for the two missionaries to settle down in Joseon. The sea route that Father Kim Dae-geon pioneered became a connection way between the Korean church and the world church, except Father Maistre and Father Yang-eop Choi entered Korea by different routes. Not only that, but Father Kim brought the shock of the new culture to the Joseon court. Above all, he showed the way for Koreans to become priests and opened up dreams for Koreans.

Surgical technique for single-port laparoscopy in huge ovarian tumors: SW Kim`s technique and comparison to laparotomy

( Jeong Sook Kim ),( In Ok Lee ),( Kyung Jin Eoh ),( Young Shin Chung ),( Inha Lee ),( Jung-yun Lee ),( Eun Ji Nam ),( Sunghoon Kim ),( Young Tae Kim ),( Sang Wun Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2017 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.60 No.2

Objective This study aimed to introduce a method to remove huge ovarian tumors (≥15 cm) intact with single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) using SW Kim`s technique and to compare the surgical outcomes with those of laparotomy. Methods Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for patients who underwent either SPLS (n=21) with SW Kim`s technique using a specially designed 30×30-cm2-sized 3XL LapBag or laparotomy (n=22) for a huge ovarian tumor from December 2008 to May 2016. Perioperative surgical outcomes were compared. Results In 19/21 (90.5%) patients, SPLS was successfully performed without any tumor spillage or conversion to multi-port laparoscopy or laparotomy. There was no significant difference in patient characteristics, including tumor diameter and total operation time, between both groups. The postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter for the SPLS group than for the laparotomy group (median, 2 [1 to 5] vs. 4 [3 to 17] days; P<0.001). The number of postoperative general diet build-up days was also significantly shorter for the SPLS group (median, 1 [1 to 4] vs. 3 [2 to 16] days; P<0.001). Immediate post-operative pain score was lower in the SPLS group (median, 2.0 [0 to 8] vs. 4.0 [0 to 8]; P=0.045). Patient-controlled anesthesia was used less in the SPLS group (61.9% vs. 100%). Conclusion SPLS was successful in removing most large ovarian tumors without rupture and showed quicker recovery and less immediate post-operative pain in comparison to laparotomy. SPLS using SW Kim`s technique could be a feasible solution to removing huge ovarian tumors.

뇌졸중 환자의 일상생활동작, 우울과 삶의 질의 관계

김원옥 ( Won Ock Kim ),강현숙 ( Hyun Sook Kang ),왕명자 ( Jmyung Ja Wang ),김정화 ( Jeong Hwa Kim ),최진이 ( Jin Yi Choi ) 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2007 동서간호학연구지 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구는 뇌졸중 환자의 일상생활동작, 우울, 삶의 질의 관계를 파악하고자 하는 서술적 조사 연구로서 일상생활동작,’ 우울, 삶의 질 정효〉 관계가 있음을 확인하였다. 그러므로 본 안구의 주요한 결과를 중심으로 다음과 같이 고찰하였다. 뇌졸중 환자들의 일상활동 수행능력을 측정하는 도 구로 FIM, Modificd Barthel Index (MBI) 등이 많이 쓰 이고 있는데 FIM은 분야에 상관없이 표준화를 통한 높은 실용성,실행성, 이해도로· 인하여 널리 사. 하고 있는 도구로 이를 이용하여 측정한 본 연구에서는 872점으로 국내에서 만성 뇌졸중 환자와 퇴원 시 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 측정한 85. 9점 (Hw떼g, 2004) 과 85. 3점 (Kim, 2004) , 85. 8점 (Hong et al., 1998) 에 비하 여 약간 높아졌으나 비슷하였고, 일본 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 한 연구의 77. 1점보다는 높은 결과이었다 (Hama et al., 2007) . 특히 하부역역인 운동영역은 다 른 연구에 비해 높았으나 인지영역은 다른 연구에 비 해 낮은 편이었다 (Hwang, 2004二 Hama et al. , 2007, Hong 嫩 al. , 200긱 Kim, 2004) . 미국의 지역사회시설 에 있는 뇌졸중이 처음 발병한 환자들을 대상으로 재 활 후 5년간 환자를 추적한 연구에서 3년 후까지는 FIM점수가 상승하였으나 그 이후 감소되는 양상을 보였고 본 연구에서는 친단 후 경과 기간이 35.5개월 (87.2점)로 퇴원 후 3년 된 시점의 결과no도4점) 와 비교하였을 때 낮은 편이었다〈 Leonard, Mnler, Griffiths, Mcclatchie, & wherry, 1998) . 이러한 결과는 지역사 회와 집에서 간호를 받고 있는 뇌졸중 환자들에게 지속적인 재활 프로그램의 필요성이 높다는 것을 시사 한다고 볼 수 있다. 그러므로 입원을 한 직후부티 환 자에게 적절한 재활프로그램을 계획하여 시작하고 퇴원 후에는 연계되어 재활을 받을 수 있는 시설과 연결하여 환자가 지속적으로 재활을 할 수 있도록 돕는 병원과 지역사회가 공동으로 개발하고 시행하는 개활프로그램이 필요하다. 우울은 뇌졸중을 진단 받은 환자들의 급성기와 회 복기에 많이 동반되는 증상으로 본 연구에서도 CES- D를 이용하여 우울을 측정한 결과 23. 8점으로 Bak (2003) 의 연구와 비슷한 정도로 높게 측정되어 이 전의 연구결과와 같이 뇌졸중 환자의 가장 흔한 후유 증이 우울임을 다시 확인할 수 있었다 (Cho et al. 2003, `` Chon & Rhee, 1992, `` Kim, 2005, `` Kim, Seo, & Kang, 2000; singh et al. , 2000) . 그러므로 입원 시부터 신체적인 증상 뿐 아니라 우울도 같이 사정하고 우울이 진행되지 않도록 지속적인 관찰과 정서적인 간호가 뇌졸중 환자를 위한 재활프로그램에 포함이 되어야 한다. 삶의 질은 3 ``03점으로 뇌졸중 환자 l이명을 대상으로 한 chung (2000) 의 연구에서 의 3. 41점보다는 낮았으나 Kim과 Kim (2003) 의 연구의 3. 17점과는 비슷하였고 전체적으로 낮은 편이었다. 이런 결과는 최근 의학기술의 발전으로 뇌졸중으로 인한 사망률이 감소 되고 만성적인 뇌졸중 환자가 증가함에도 불구하고 재가뇌졸중 환자들에 대한 재활과 관리가 효과적으로 이루어지지 않고 있음으로 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 뇌졸중과 삶의 질은 단기간에 향상되는 것이 아니므로 개활 프로그램이 단기적인 것보다는 체계적으로 계획되고 지속적으로 수행되어져 삶의 질을 관찰하는 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 일상생활 동작을 잘 할수록 우울점수가 낮게 나타났고 삶의 질 정도가 높게 나타났다. 그리고 우 울 정도가 심할수록 삶의 질 정도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 뇌졸중 환자들에 대한 선행연구결과들을 살 펴보면 뇌졸중은 일상생활동작 수행과 같은 신체적인 문제, 우울, 대인관계 감소 등의 사회적 문제가 발생 되고 장기적인 치료와 간호를 요구하는 질병으로서 최종적으로. 삶의 질이 저하되는 것을 보고하고 있다 (Chung, 2000; Hama et al. , 2007, `` Ingrid, Kwakkel, Bruin, & Lindeman, 2007; Khan, 2004; Kim & Kim, 2003; singh et al. , 2007) . 이러한 연구 결과는 일상생활동작, 우울, 삶의 질이 단계적으로 순환되는 관계로 서 모두 뇌졸중환자를 위한 재활프로그램 내용에 포함되어야 함을 의미한다. 이런 연구결과들을 종합하여 볼 때 뇌졸중은 환자 의 뇌손상을 일으켜 장기적인 우울과 신체적인 기능 장애를 발생시킬 가능성이 높으므로 뇌졸중 환자의 재활프로그램은 입원을 하자마자 계획하여 치료와 동 시에 시작하고 특히 우울은 뇌졸중의 만성적인 건강 문제로 재활과정을 방해할 수 있으므로 신체적인 중 재와 더불어 정서적인 중재를 포함한 포괄적인 내용 의 프로그램이 바람직하고 장기적으로 삶의 질을 평 가함이 바랑직할 것이다. 또한 뇌졸중은 장기적인 재 활이 요구되는 질환이므로 단기간의 재활 프로그램을 병원에서만 시행하는 것이 아니라 퇴원 후 병원과 지 역 사회에서 연계하여 치료적인 연속성을 가지고 유지 할 수 있는 재활 프로그램의 개발이 반드시 필요할 것이 라고 본다. Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among stroke patients`` activities of daily living(ADL), depression, and quality of life(QOL). Methods: Data were collected by questionnaires from 251 stroke patients at 5 hospitals and 2 public health centers in Seoul and Kyonggi-Do. The following Questionnaires were utilized for this study: Functional independence measure(FIM) from Grange, Hamilton, and Sherwin(1986), the Korean CES-D scale from Randloff(1977), and quality of life scale from Bang, Hwal-Lan(1991). Results: Data were analyzed using the pearson correlation, t-test, and ANOVA with SPSS/WIN 12.0. The results of this study were as follow; The subjects consisted of 110 females and 141 males. The mean score of activity of daily living was 87.2(range 18-126). Age, family history, comorbidity, paralysis site, and duration after diagnosis were significantly associated with activity of daily living. The mean score of depression was 23.8(range 11-44). Age, gender, education, and job were significantly associated with depression. The mean score of quality of life scale was 3.0(range 1-5). Gender, religion, education, job, economic status, and duration after diagnosis were significantly associated with quality of life. Relationships among activity daily living, depression, and quality of life scale: The activity of daily living had a negative relationship with depression score. The activity of daily living had a positive relationship with QOL score. The depression had a negative relationship with QOL score. Conclusion: Based on these results, it is necessary to run rehabilitation programs to improve stroke patients`` ADL, depression. Also, it research for of identifying stroke patients`` quality of life according to rehabilitation program.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

조직배양에 의한 위도상사화(Lycoris uydoensis M. Kim)의 효율적 기내번식

고정애 ( Jeong Ae Ko ),김인숙 ( In Sook Kim ),정공수 ( Gong Soo Jeong ),최정란 ( Jeong Ran Choi ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2012 농업생명과학연구 Vol.43 No.2

위도상사화(Lycoris uydoensis M. Kim)의 효율적인 기내 급속 대량 증식체계를 확립시키고자 잎과 인편을 배양하였다. 5℃에서 60일간 저온 처리한 모구를 구고를 중심으로 상부, 중부 및 하부로 구분하여 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA, 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA 또는 3.0mg·L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리된 MS 배지에 배양한 결과 식물생장조절물질과는 관계없이 디스크가 부착된 인편의 하부가 캘러스 및 자구 형성에 가장 효과적인 부위였다. 캘러스는 잎절편이나 인편조직에서 쉽게 형성되었으나 소자구 및 신초는 인편에서만 형성되어 기내번식에 적합한 절편체는 인편이었다. 자구 형성 및 신초분화는 배지내 첨가된 식물생장조절물질에 따라 치상체에서 직접 자구를 형성하거나 캘러스를 통해 식물체로 분화되는 2가지 경로로 형성되었는데 디스크가 부착된 인편을 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA, 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA 또는 3.0 mg·L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리된 MS 배지에 배양하여 30일 이내에 60%-100%까지 유도하였다. 다량의 자구형성 및 유지는 MS배지에 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA가 혼용되거나 또는 3.0 mg·L-1 IBA와 3.0mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리 되었을 때 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA와 1.0mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리 되었을 때 보다 효과적이었다. 6% sucrose는 자구형성 및 비대를 촉진시켰으며 특히 3.0 mg·L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리배지에 6% sucrose를 첨가시키므로 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA가 혼용 배지보다 구의 비대가 1-2배 증가하였다. 인편유래 캘러스로부터 기관분화 또는 인편에서 직접 분화된 자구에서 성공적으로 식물체가 재분화되었다. This study was conducted to establish an effective in vitro mass propagation system using leaf and bulb scale explant sources of Lycoris uydoensis M. Kim. For the bulb scale culture, the bulbs treated at 5℃ for 60 days were dissected into three parts according to bulb height (upper, middle, and bottom), and allowed for a culture on the MS medium with 0.1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA, 0.5 mg ? L-1 NAA plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA, and 3.0 mg ? L-1 IBA plus 3.0 mg ? L-1 BA. Regardless of plant hormone treatments, the bottom part of the bulb including the disk proved to be most effective in forming the callus and bulblets. Callus was readily produced on the young leaf segment and bulb scale tissues, whereas, bulblets and shoots were formed only on bulb scale explants. Bulb scales with disk appeared to the best optimal explant for in vitro propagation. Two distinct pathways, either organogenesis through callus or direct bulblet formation, could be recognized in bulb scale culture. Bulblet formation and shoot organogenesis from the bulb scales with disk were effectively induced up to the 60%~100% on the MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA, 0.5 mg ? L-1 NAA plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA, and 3.0 mg ? L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg ? L-1 BA within 30 days of culture. On MS media supplemented with 0.1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA or 3.0 mg ? L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg ? L-1 BA were more effective than 0.5 mg ? L-1 NAA plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA for induced and maintained a large number of bulblets. Six percent of sucrose enhanced bulblet formation and expanded the bulblets. Especially, adding 6% of sucrose on MS media supplemented with 3.0 mg ? L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg ? L-1 BA was one or two times of bulblets expanted than on MS mediun with 0.1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA plus 6% of sucrose. Plantlet regeneration was successfully achieved from bulb scale-derived callus, via shoot bud induction or direct bulblet formation.

풍경과 감정 : 역사를 상상하는 두 개의 다른 시선

김정숙(Kim Jeong-sook) 한국비평문학회 2008 批評文學 Vol.- No.30

The purpose of this thesis is to explicate the historical imagination of male/female writers and the narrative truth, focusing on Leesim(『리심』) written by Kim Takwan as a male novelist and Leejin(『리진』) written by Shin Kyong-sook as a female novelist. The interesting point is that they all describe the sarre character in each of their novels. In chapter 2, the author outlines the narrative processing, the commonness and the difference between the texts. In chapter 3, the author studies two-view points which imagine the historical character. In chapter 4, the author looks into the historical cognition of male/female writers. In this respect, these can be summarized as follows: In the first place, Leesim and Leejin are the record of her travel life commonly. They represent the woman who had been to France at first in the early 20th century. She was the dancer of the Royal Court and experienced the ambivalence between western civilization and imperialism in France. However ‘scenery’(educated discovery) remains in Leesim and ‘emotion’(tragic sympathy) remains in Leejin. Second, the forward of part of each text is mostly parallel process, but the latter part of the story rends apart. That is, Leesim moves on the man-narrative while Leejin advances the mother-narrative. Such reason has sapped woman-narrative. Third, the purpose of the two novels is all the searching for existence. But Kim’s writing pursues the reconstruction of ‘fact’ itself while Shin’s writing concentrates on the historical ‘truth’ in terms of the minority. In conclusion, The objective distance of Leesim and the psychological identification of Leejin are the two way of imagination about the history. Leesim and Leejin which include premodern/modern, imperialism/colonialism and the native language/the translate language, show the valuable point of the faction combining fact with fiction.

봄철 익산지역 환경대기 중 수용성 이온성분의 일별 침적량

김남송,강공언,김정숙,김현아,신지혜,김병수,최석진 원광대학교 대학원 2008 論文集 Vol.40 No.-

Deposition samples were collected in wet gauge and dry gauge containers at downtown of Iksan city, located southwest of the Korean peninsula, from April 20 to May 1, 2004. The volume of 30-50㎖ deionized water was added for wet gauge before sampling, but dry gauge was installed in the dry state with no deionized water adding. These samples were collected twice a day during daytime and nighttime and were analyzed for anions(Cl^(-), NO^(3-), SO₄^(2-)) and cations (NH₄^(+), Na^(+), K^(+), Mg^(2+), Ca^(2+)) using ion chromatography. Data quality was checked by the data obtained from re-injection of standard solution, Dionex cross check standard solutions, and random several deposition samples, and measured data was estimated to be reliable. Considering the deposition sample volume, the sampling time, the surface area of sampling container, and the ion concentration measured, the deposition amounts were calculated in mg/㎡/day. The sum of ion dry deposition amounts for dry gauge and wet gauge was 9.1±6.7 mg/㎡/day and 26.5±9.1 mg/㎡/day, respectively. A significant increase in deposition amount during rainfall days and Asian yellow dust period was observed for both wet gauge and dry gauge, especially during rainfall days having no difference of deposition amount between in wet gauge and in dry gauge. The mean deposition of all ions measured in this study were higher in wet gauge than in dry gauge because of the surface difference of the sampling container. The mean deposition amount of NH₄^(+), SO₄^(2-), and NO^(3-) in wet gauge were found to be about 27.6 times, 5.5 times, and 3.4 times higher. than that in dry gauge, while the rest of the chemical species were equal or a little higher in wet gauge than in dry gauge. Dominant species in dry gauge were SO₄^(2-) and Ca^(2+), accounting for 14.7% and 47.3% of the total ion dry deposition, whereas those in wet gauge were SO₄^(2-) and NH₄^(+), accounting for 27.7% and 27.1% of the total ion dry deposition, respectively.

고추 풋마름병ㆍ역병 복합 저항성 계통육성

한정혜,김주영,황희숙,김병수 경북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2000 慶北大農學誌 Vol.18 No.-

풋마름병과 역병에 복합저항성인 계통을 육성하기 위한 노력으로서 앞서 역병 저항성으로 육성한 계통(16-2-2-3-2 = 역병 저항성 '칼미초', 19-1-3-7-1-1, 19-2-4-5-3-2 = 역병 저항성 '수비초', 김 등, 1996)과 풋마름병 저항성 계통(KC350 = MC 4, KC353 = PBC631)을 교배하여 육성한 F5와 BC1F4, F6와 BC1F5 세대에 대해 1999년과 2000년에 각각 풋마름병과 역병에 대한 복합저항성을 검정하였다. 풋마름병과 역병에 복합 저항성을 보인 개체를 선발하여 다음 세대의 종자를 채종하였다. In an effort to breed lines resistant to both bacterial wilt and Phytophthora blight, F5 and BC1F4, and F6 and BC4F5 generations of the crosses between the lines previously bred for resistance to Phytophthora blight ((16-2-2-3-2 = Phytophthora-resistant 'Kalmi', 19-1-3-7-1-1, 19-2-4-5-3-2 = Phytophthora-resistant 'Subi', Kim et al., 1996) and sources of resistance to bacterial wilt (KC350 = MC-4 or KC353 =PBC631, Kim et al., 1998) were evaluated for resistance to both bacterial wilt and to Phytophthora blight in 1999 and 2000, respectively. Plants which were highly resistant to both bacterial wilt and Phytophthora blight were selected for development of the next generations.

말초염증에 의한 등족뿌리신경절의 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 합성의 변화

김상열,김정기,김효신,이상지,하선옥,홍해숙,김동선 대한해부학회 1998 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.31 No.3

Original Article : Geographic difference of epidemiological features of HCV infection in Korea

( Kyung Ah Kim ),( Sook Hyang Jeong ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Young Seok Kim3 ),( Youn Jae Lee ),( Eun Uk Jung ),( In Hee Kim ),( Sung Bum Cho ),( Mee Kyung Kee ),( Chun Kang ) 대한간학회 2014 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.20 No.4

Background/Aims: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Korea exhibits significant geographic variation, with it being higher in Busan and Jeonam than in other areas. The reason for this intranational geographic difference was investigated in this study by conducting a comparative analysis of the risk factors related to HCV infection among three geographic areas: the capital (Seoul), Busan, and the province of Jeolla. Methods: In total, 990 patients with chronic HCV infection were prospectively enrolled at 5 university hospitals located in Seoul (n=374), Busan (n=264), and Jeolla (n=352). A standardized questionnaire survey on the risk factors for HCV infection was administered to these three groups of patients, and a comparative analysis of the findings was performed. Results: The analysis revealed significant regional differences in exposure to the risk factors of HCV infection. By comparison with patients in Seoul as a control group in the multivariate analysis, patients in Busan had significantly more experience of invasive medical procedures, acupuncture, cosmetic procedures, and multiple sex partners. In contrast, patients in Jeolla were significantly older, and they had a higher prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma, a lower prevalence of multiple sex partners, and had experienced fewer invasive procedures. Conclusions: There was a significant geographic difference in the exposure to potential risk factors of HCV infection between patients from the three studied regions. This may explain the regional variation of the prevalence of HCV infection in Korea, and should be taken into account when planning strategies for the prevention and management of HCV infection. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2014;20:361-367)