식육산업의 발전을 위한 정육점에 관한 조사 연구

조규석,김계웅,김석은 公州大學校 産業開發硏究所 1998 産業開發硏究 Vol.6 No.-

This survey was carried out in order to investigate and analyse the current status of 81 total of fresh meat stores located in Chungnam, Seoul, Kyonggi, and Inchon districts for making a development strategy. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Of 81 total of fresh meat stores, family size were the largest in group of 4∼5 persons(77.8%), the number of stores below 10 pyeong were 63.0 percentage(51 stores), the number of stores for rent were 72.8 percentage(59 stores), the number of getting average monthly income below 1,500 thousand won 63.0 percentage(51 stores). 2. In duration of store management, the number of stores below 5 years-career were 42.0 percentage(34 stores), the number of stores over 16 years-career were 4.9 percentage(4 stores), and then, 52 total of stores answered that they would manage only duration of their generation(64.2%). 3. Fresh meats at 46 stores had been supplied through wholesale stores(56.8%), and those at 14 stores had been supplied through feeding and slaughtering at manager's farm(17.3%). 4. At sides of consumer's preference of fresh beef and pork, consumers preferred to loin muscle(40.7%) and bacon part(54.4%), respectively. 5. 22 total of managers would like to change the name of stores(27.2%), and then they answered to be changed in order of marketing center of animal products, fresh meat center, and marketing store of animal products. 6. All stores had been marketing beef and pork, chicken meat and eggs had been saled at 27 stores(33.3%) and 19 stores(23.5%), respectively. And then, other animal products had been supplied and saled at only 2 stores. 7. The sale price-down at 41 stores wanted to be controlled according to going down at farm price(50.7%). However, that at 25 stores didn't want to be gone down(30.9%).

駝鳥産業의 流通情報와 經營戰略에 관한 硏究

조규석,김계웅:김석은 공주대학교산업개발연구소 2000 産業開發硏究 Vol.8 No.-

This research was undertaken in order to obtain the technological skill and good information on the feeding and raising of ostrich in Korea. Ostrich meat have been confirmed with edible meat in Korea since May, 2000. Ostrich meat contains reddish color, which is low calorie, high protein, and low fat. Most of people preferred to high protein meat contained plenty of nutrients except high fat including high cholesterol. We could utilize as edible and palatable foods such as pure meat, large egg, bone including bone extraction, and fur. Therefore, this animals could be called as an economical poultry. Ostrich husbandry, in the future, should be maintained with environmental agriculture. Without our desirable environment, we as well as animals also could eventually be destruction. The characteristics of raising ostrich as well as duck is the use of remains of extra food as a recycling. Especially, ostrich eats very well voraciously everything to be edible. Especially, ostrich, in poultry, grows very well in early stage in course of growth. On the other hand, it is difficult for most of farmer to market and to improve the strategy of high qualities of meat. Accordingly, many farmers who are raising ostrich try to improve and to enhance feeding skill as well as reproductive and genetic breeding. And then, we should establish logical and systematical marketing strategy through good management including improvement of meat.

위상배열 초음파를 이용한 터빈 블레이드 루트부내 결함평가 기법 연구

조용상,정계조,박상기,김재훈 한국비파괴검사학회 2004 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.24 No.2

초음파검사는 재료의 표면 또는 내부에 존재하는 불 연속부를 검출하기 위해, 초음파를 재료에 전달시켜 검사하는 비파괴검사법의 일종이다. 이러한 일반 초음파검사 방법 및 일반 결함평가 방법은 복잡한 현상에서 반사되는 신호로부터 결함을 구분하기가 어려워 결함의 평가 및 검사결과에 신뢰성이 떨어지고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 이러한 crack성 결함의 발생 가능성이 높으나 기존의 초음파검사 방법으로는 결함 판별에 어려움이 있는 설비에서의 검사방법 및 결함평가 방법의 제고가 필수 불가결한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 위상배열 초음파를 사용하여 크랙 검출능력이 높고 길이 평가가 가장 정확한 방사각도를 규명하고, 주요발전설비중 하나인 터빈에 적용하였다. 기존의 초음파 검사 방식이 아닌 위상배열 초음파를 이용하여 결함의 크기를 평가할 수 있는 신 기법 및 이를 이용하여 터빈 블레이드 루트부 내에 존재하는 미세 결함에 대하여 크기평가 방법 및 결함탐지 방법에 대하여 고찰하였다. Ultrasonic testing is a kind of nondestructive test to detect a crack or discontinuity in materials or on material surfaces by sending ultrasound to it. This conventional ultrasonic technique has some limitations in reliably detecting crack or accurately assessing materials in the case of complex-shaped power plant components such as a turbine blade root. An alternative method for such a difficult inspection is highly needed. In this study, application of a phased array ultrasonic testing (UT) system to a turbine blade, one of the critical power plant components, has been considered, and the particular incident angle has been determined so that the greatest crack detectability and the most accurate crack length evaluation may be achieved. The response of ultrasonic phased array was also analyzed to establish a special method to determine the crack length without moving the transducer. The result showed that the developed method for crack length assessment is a more accurate and effective method, compared with the conventional method.

하악골에 발생된 Low grade 골육종:증례보고

조현이,정종철,김호성,최재욱,성대경,서지훈,김성범,이계혁 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.1

Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant tumor arising most often in the long bone, but rare in jaw bone. Especially osteogenic sarcoma of the mandible is a rare tumor, comprising less than 0.5% of all head and neck tumors. Osteosarcoma occurs cheifly in young persons, and presenting very survival rates. Histopathologically this tumor can be classified three types, osteoblastic, fibroblastic, chondroblastic and classified from low grade to high grade by anaplasia or mitosis of the tumor cells. Sometimes, the exact diagnosis of osteosarcoma is difficult especially in low grade osteosarcoma, even if clinical or radiographical findings suggest to osteosarcoma. So suspcious to malignant bone tumor in clinical or radiological findings, biopsy should be taked from deep portion and multiple area, and sharing the patient history and radiographs with pathologist will assist in the development of the diagnosis. We report a case of low grade osteosarcoma on the mandible initially difficulty in accurate diagnosis. The patient visited our hospital for routine dental treatment but radiographic findings displayed ill-defined radiolucency with osteoid formation on the mandible. Final diagnosis was difficulty in initial biopsy but subsequent biopsy taked from deep portion presented infiltrative growth and mitosis of the tumor cell in some area with small osteoid bone formation, so we could reach final diagnosis as low grade sarcoma. We treated this patient with bloc resection of the mandible and immediate reconstruction with iliac corticocancellous block.

흑염소 엑기스 식품의 소비성향

조규석,임병순,김계웅 공주대학교산업개발연구소 2000 産業開發硏究 Vol.8 No.-

This survey was carried out in order to collect basic data for the promotion of consumption of extracted juice from meat and bone of native goat. Data were gathered from a total of 148 peoples, who composed of 92 male and 56 female. Items investigated were experience and non-experience drunken, the kinds of healthy food , the reason of intake, intake frequency, intake season, the reason of non-intake, and supplementary item of goods at extract-making. The results obtained from answering after this survey were summarized as follows; 1. In answer about the drunken experience and non-experience for the healthy processed foods, the ratio of people surveyed was 85.14% and 15.86%, respectively. Male had tendency to be drunken much more than female with non-significance (P>0.05). And then, the older group showed tendency to be much more the drunken experience than the younger group. 2. The general herb-medicine among healthy foods used was the largest(50.0%), the extracted juice of goat meat and bone was used with the next largest(18.92%). The extracted juice was significantly(P<0.001) drunken much more in female than in male. And than, there was highly significant among age group in various healthy foods(P<0.01). 3. The healthy management among reasons of intake was answered in the largest(65.63%), the next answer was control after sickness(19.19%). There were not significant differences between gender group, and between age group, respectively. 4. The largest group at drinking times was answered to be two times a day(45.31%). There was not significant difference between gendergroup. However, there was highly significant between age group(P<0.001). 5. The drinking season was mostly answered to be in spring(35.94%), the next one was in winter(23.44%). The female group in spring was significantly(P<0.01) drunken much more than male. However, There was not significant between age group. 6. The largest reason for non-intakes of goat extracts was answered to be the decrease of the palatability(36.49%). There were significant differences between gender group, and between age group, respectively. 7. The supplementary item at extract-making was the promotion of palatability (44.95%). There was significant difference between gender group(P<0.05). And then, the group under 30 age answered mostly the promotion of palatability(50.95%), group more than 41 age answered price-down(41.38%). 8. 77.03% of questionnaire about drinking volume(80㎖) answered to be appropriate, 17.57% of those answered to be deficient. There were highly significant differences between gender group(P<0.01), and age group(P<0.01), respectively. 9. In the response after panel test of extract, 43.24% of questionnaire were good, while 10.81% of those were bad and very bad. Therefore, the scoring of sensory examination from 1(very bad) to 5 points(excellent) was 3.32. There was not significant difference between gender group. However, there was highly significant between age group(P<0.01).

전기도금한 교정용 스테인레스스틸 선재의 세포독성에 관한 연구

이계형,조진형,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2005 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.35 No.2

본 연구는 전기도금을 이용하여 교정용 스테인레스스틸 선재의 직경을 증가시킨 후 세포독성을 알아봄으로써 이의 임상적 적용 가능성을 알아보고자 시행되었다. 시판되고있는 교정용 스테인레스스틸 선재에 전기도금 방법을 이용하여 니켈을 도금한 후, 이를 도금하지 않은 교정용 스테인레스스틸 선재 그리고 티타늄 또는 구리와 비교하기 위하여 이들을 배지에 넣고 72시간 배양하였다. 이 배양액을 금속 유리량 측정을 위해 ICP-AES(inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer) 분석을 시행한 결과 전기도금한 선재에서 많은 양의 니켈 이온이 유리되었으며, 구리에서는 많은 양의 구리 이온이 유리되었다. Microplate에 Balb/c 3T3 mouse fibroblast를 넣고 각 선재를 배양한 배양액을 75%, 50%, 25%로희석시켜 첨가한 후 MTT (3-[4.5-dimethylthiazol-2yl]-2.5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide)분석을 시행하여 이를 배지만을 첨가한 경우와 흡광도를 비교하였다. 티타늄은 모든 농도에서 배지만을 첨가한 경우에 비해 흡광도 차이를 보이지 않았지만전기도금한 선재(p<0.001), 스테인레스스틸선재(p<0.05), 구리(p<0.001)는 배지만을 첨가한 경우보다 통계적으로 유의한 흡광도 감소를 보였다. ISO 10993, part5에 따라 구리는 "강한 독성"을 보이는 반면 티타늄과 스테인레스스틸 선재는 "무독성", 그리고 전기도금 선재는 "중등도 독성"으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과는 전기도금을 이용하여 교정용 선재의 직경을 증가시키는 방법이 임상에 적용되기 위해서는 세포독성을 줄이기 위한 추가의 연구가 필요함을 시사하였다. The purpose of this study was to examine the cytotoxicity of orthodontic wire which had an increased diameter through electroplating, and to evaluate its possoble clinical applications. First nickel plating was carried out on the commercially available stainless steel wire using an electroplating technique. For the comparison of the electroplated wire with ready made stainless steelwire and titanium or copper, each wire was incybated for 72 hours in a medium. The release of the metal ion was measured using ICP-AES(Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer). Balb/c 3T3 mouse fibroblast was put on a microplate and placed in an incubated medium of 75%, 50%, and 20% dilation. An MTT analysis was used to compare with the medium only. The changein absorbency value of each wire group and the difference of absorbency value according to the change of dilution was measured. The results of ICP-AES analysis showed that great amount nickel ion was isolated from electrpolated orthodontic wires and great amount copper ion was isolated from copper.The results of the MTT analysis showed that there was no difference in the absorbency value of titanium at any dilution. However the electroplated wires(p<0.001), the stainless steel wires(p<0.05) and the copper(p<0.001) were statistically significantly lower than those of medium only at all dilutions. Assessment as per ISO 10993, part5, showed that electroplated wire was alloted to "moderate cytotoxic", the titanium and stainless steel wire were "non-cytotoxic". The results of this study indicate that the electroplated or thodontic wires need additional efforts to dectease cytotoxicity for their clinical applications.

초음파 수침법을 이용한 터빈베어링 Babbitt 금속 박리 검사 기술

정계조,박상기,조용상,박병철,길두송 한국비파괴검사학회 2004 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.24 No.4

이 연구는 터빈베어링의 신뢰성을 평가하기 위하여 초음파 C-Scan 방법을 적용한 기술이다. 수침법에 관한 연구는 실험실과 현장검사 적용에 광범위하게 사용되는 기술이다. 여기에서는 C-Scan 방법을 이용하여 베어링의 모재와 Babbitt 금속간 경계부의 상태를 평가하였다. 수침법 C-Scan 방법에 의한 초음파 영상은 베어링 경계부의 상태를 확인하는데 효과적인 방법으로 사용될 수 있었다. 초음파 영상의 분해능을 높이기 위하여 집속형 탐촉지를 사용하고, Babbitt 금속과 베어링 모재간의 접합경계면에서 발생하는 초음파 음압 반사율을 측정하여 결함의 검출과 면적을 추정할 수 있었다. 초음파 수침법은 베어링 접합부의 박리위치와 박리면적의 경계면을 결정하여 크기를 계산하는데 아주 유용하게 사용될 수 있는 기술이며, 이 연구에서 개발된 기술은 화력발전소에서 사용되고 있는 터빈베어링의 건전성을 확보하는데 적용되었다. This study is aimed for the implementation of ultrasonic method to assess the reliability of turbine bearings. A modified ultrasonic immersion technique was carried out in both laboratory experiment and field application. From the laboratory results, we confirmed that the condition of interface layer between the babbitt and base metal be monitored by the C-Scan. The C-Scan image by the ultrasonic immersion test can be used successfully to observe the condition of interface layer. The testing with a focused transducer provides a promising approach for estimating the extent of the damaged region and observing the interface layer effectively. The difference of the ultrasonic reflection ratio between the bonding and debonding area at the interface layer is one of the key parameters for assessing the extent of the damaged area; additionally, the reflection amplitude exhibits a favorable correlation with the overall damage level. The technique developed in this study was applied to the inspection of the turbine bearings at several power plants in Korea whereby the applicability in the filed can be ascertained.

DME합성공정의 DME+Methanol+CO₂ 혼합물 분리공정 개발에 관한 연구

임계규,백영순,조원일 한국공업화학회 2005 응용화학 Vol.9 No.1

Dimethyl Ether(DME) is a clean and economical alternative fuel which can be produced from various resources as natural gas, coal or biomass through synthesis gas(CO + H₂). The properties of DME are similar to those of LPG and it can be used for various fields; power generation fuel, transportation fuel, home fuel, etc. An innovative separation process for the direct synthesis of DME from synthesis gas has been under being developed. Newly developed separation process is composed of a DME separation column and a CO₂ separation absorption column. The DME production rate was set at 50 kg/day with purity of 99.5wt%. The CO₂ separation column is designed for CO₂ to be absorbed by MEA (monoethanol amine).

전자충격으로 수소원자가 들뜰 때의 직접산란과 교환산란

강익주,조웅인,박계태 연세대학교 대학원 1985 延世論叢 Vol.21 No.3

Abstract For electron impact excitation processes of hydrogen atom from the ground state a relationship between the direct and the exchange amplitude is obtained. Within the frame work of the distorted wave approximation, the Coulomb wave is further approximated by the corresponding plane wave, while the ground state wave function is properly parametrized. Thus both scattering amplitudes are evaluated from a single expressioon by varying parameters. The use of the generating function of the Laguerre polynomials enables us to deal with the various excitation processes via a single integrated expression for 1s→2s, 1s→2pm, 1s→3s processes. Their amplitudes and their total cross sections are obtained and compared with the previous results.

Snorer의 앙와위와 직립위에서의 상기도 크기

김종철,조홍규,이계형 대한치과교정학회 1996 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.26 No.1

Snorer와 정상인의 상기도 부위 연조직의 차이를 비교하며, 자세의 변화에 따른 snorer와 정상인의 상기도 부위 연조직 크기의 변화를 알아보고자 여성에서 snorer 25명과 정상군 20명을 대상으로 직립위와 앙와위에서 측모 두부 방사선 계측 사진을 촬영한 후 연구개, 혀 및 상기도에 관한 거리와 면적을 계측하고 통계학적으로 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 직립위와 앙와위에서 snorer군은 정상군에 비해 혀의 길이가 길고 높이가 높았으며 기도가 좁고 길며 설골은 하방에 위치하였고 넓은 연구개와 좁은 hypopharynx를 가졌다. 앙와위에서 snorer군은 이와 더불어 정상군보다 더 넓은 혀와 더 좁은 oropharynx를 가졌다. 2. 직립위에서 앙와위로 자세의 변화에 따라 정상군과 snorer군 모두에서 기도의 길이가 감소하였고 설골이 더 상방위치 되었다. snorer군에서는 이와 더불어 혀의 길이와 높이, 기도의 두께와 oropharynx 면적은 감소하였으며 혀와 연구개 면적은 증가하였다. The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate the upper airway structure between the snorers and asymptomatic control subjects depending on the positional change. Lateral cephalograms in the upright and supine position were taken in 25 female snorers and 20 female asymptomatic control subjects. The length and the area of the soft palate, tongue and airway were measured and evaluated statistically. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The sonorers showed longer and higher tongue, narrower and longer airway, inferiorly positioned hyoid bone, longer and broader soft palate and narrower hypopharynx than the control subjects both in the upright and supine position. In addition, the snorers showed broader tongue area and narrower oropharynx area than the control subjects in supine position. 2. Depending on the positional change from upright to supine position, the controls and the snorers showed decreased airway length and superior positioned the hyoid bone. In addition, the snorers showed decreased tongue length and height, airway length and thickness and oropharynx area, but increased tongue area and soft palate area.