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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : ( Filip M. G. Tack ) (검색결과 5 건)
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Shaheen, Sabry M.,Kwon, Eilhann E.,Biswas, Jayanta K.,Tack, Filip M.G.,Ok, Yong Sik,Rinklebe, Jö,rg Elsevier 2017 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.180 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The fractionation and potential mobilization of As, Cr, Mo, and Se in four floodplain soil profiles collected along the Nile (Egypt) and Wupper (Germany) Rivers were assessed using the BCR sequential extraction procedure. The concentrations of total and the geochemical fractions (acid soluble (F1), reducible (F2), oxidizable (F3), and residual (F4) fraction) of the elements were determined. The Wupper soils had the highest total concentrations (mg kg<SUP>−1</SUP>) of As (378) and Cr (2,797) while the Nile soils contained the highest total Mo (12) and Se (42). The residual fraction of As, Cr, Mo, and Se was dominant in the Nile soils suggesting the geogenic source of the elements in these soils. The residual fraction of As and Mo and the oxidizable fraction of Cr and Se were dominant in the Wupper soils. Among the non-residual fractions (potential mobile fractions; PMF = ∑F1−F3), the oxidizable fraction was dominant for Cr, Mo, and Se in the Nile soils and for Mo in the Wupper soils, while the reducible fraction was dominant for As in both soils. The PMF of As, Cr, and Se was higher in the Wupper than in the Nile soils which might reflect the anthropogenic sources of these elements in the Wupper soils, while the opposite was the case for the PMF of Mo. The high PMF of Se (87%), Cr (87%), and As (21%) in the Wupper soils suggested that a release of these toxic elements may happen which increase the potential environmental risks in the anthropogenically polluted soils.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Selenium showed the highest potential mobilization followed by Cr, Mo, and As. </LI> <LI> Potential mobilization of As, Cr, and Se was high in the Wupper soils. </LI> <LI> Potential mobilization of Mo was high in the Nile soils. </LI> <LI> Residual fraction of As, Cr, Mo, and Se was dominant in the Nile soils. </LI> <LI> Oxidizable fraction of Cr and Se was dominant in the Wupper soils. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Igalavithana, Avanthi Deshani,Yang, Xiao,Zahra, Hilda Rizkia,Tack, Filip M.G.,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Kwon, Eilhann E.,Ok, Yong Sik Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.630 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Previous studies indicated that using CO<SUB>2</SUB> as a reaction agent in the pyrolysis of biomass led to an enhanced generation of syngas <I>via</I> direct reaction between volatile organic carbons (VOCs) evolved from the thermal degradation of biomass and CO<SUB>2</SUB>. In addition, the physico-chemical properties of biochar in CO<SUB>2</SUB> were modified. In this current study, biochars generated from red pepper stalks in N<SUB>2</SUB> and CO<SUB>2</SUB> (RPS-N and RPS-C, respectively) were tested for their effects on the immobilization of Pb, Cd, Zn, and As in contaminated soils. Soils were incubated for one month with 2.5% of RPS, and two biochars (<I>i.e.</I>, RPS-N and RPS-C) at 25°C. After the incubation period soils were analyzed to determine the amendment effects on the behavior of metal(loid)s. The potential availability and mobility kinetics of metal(loid)s were assessed by single extraction of ammonium acetate and consecutive extraction of calcium chloride, respectively. Sequential extraction was used to further examine potential changes in geochemical fractions of metal(loid)s. The increased soil pH induced by application of the biochars reduced the potentially available Pb, Cd, and Zn, while RPS-C significantly reduced Pb due to the high surface area and aromaticity of RPS-C. However, RPS-C mobilized potentially available As compared to RPS-N due to the increased soil pH. Biochars reduced the mobility kinetics of Pb, Cd, and Zn, and RPS-N effectuated the greatest reduction of As mobility. The RPS-C increased the Fe and Mn oxides, hydroxide, and organically bound Pb, while both biochars and RPS-N increased residual Cd and Zn, and organically bound As, respectively. When considering the two biochars, RPS-C was highly effective for immobilization of Pb in soils, but it had no effect on Cd and Zn and a negative effect on As. In addition, RPS-C significantly increased the total exchangeable cations in soils.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Biochars markedly reduced Cd, Pb and Zn mobility in soils. </LI> <LI> Biochar pyrolyzed in CO<SUB>2</SUB> most effectively immobilized Pb. </LI> <LI> Biochar pyrolyzed in CO<SUB>2</SUB> increases As mobility more. </LI> <LI> More siloxane groups present in biochar pyrolysed in CO<SUB>2</SUB>. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Jung, Jong-Min,Lee, Jechan,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Jang, In Geon,Song, Jae Gwang,Kang, Kyeongjin,Tack, Filip M.G.,Oh, Jeong-Ik,Kwon, Eilhann E.,Kim, Hyung-Wook Elsevier Applied Science Publishers 2017 Environmental pollution Vol.222 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We performed toxicological study of mice exposed to lead by quantifying fatty acids in brain of the mice. This study suggests that the introduced analytical method had an extremely high tolerance against impurities such as water and extractives; thus, it led to the enhanced resolution in visualizing the spectrum of fatty acid profiles in animal brain. Furthermore, one of the biggest technical advantages achieved in this study was the quantitation of fatty acid methyl ester profiles of mouse brain using a trace amount of sample (<I>e.g.</I>, 100 μL mixture). Methanol was screened as the most effective extraction solvent for mouse brain. The behavioral test of the mice before and after lead exposure was conducted to see the effect of lead exposure on fatty acid composition of the mice’ brain. The lead exposure led to changes in disease-related behavior of the mice. Also, the lead exposure induced significant alterations of fatty acid profile (C16:0, C 18:0, and C 18:1) in brain of the mice, implicated in pathology of psychiatric diseases. The alteration of fatty acid profile of brain of the mice suggests that the derivatizing technique can be applicable to most research fields associated with the environmental neurotoxins with better resolution in a short time, as compared to the current protocols for lipid analysis.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Short derivatization time for analyzing lipid profiles of mouse brain. </LI> <LI> High tolerance against impurities (water and extractives). </LI> <LI> Lead exposure affecting lipid profiles in brain and behavioral disorder. </LI> <LI> Extensive application for environmental, medical and clinical purpose. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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O'Connor, David,Hou, Deyi,Ok, Yong Sik,Song, Yinan,Sarmah, Ajit K.,Li, Xuanru,Tack, Filip M.G. Elsevier 2018 Journal of controlled release Vol.283 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The removal of recalcitrant organic pollutants in groundwater is a challenge being faced around the world. Achieving effective long-term remediation of contaminated aquifers faces a variety of significant issues such as back diffusion, tailing, and rebound. In recent years, some researchers have proposed the use of controlled release materials (CRMs) as a new approach to counteracting such issues. The novelty of CRMs lies in that they release their active products slowly, over prolonged periods of time, in order to sustain in situ treatments and long-term effectiveness. Here we review the main constituents of CRMs, analyze their production, characterization, and applications, with a focus on reaction mechanisms, effectiveness, and secondary effects. This review shows that the reactive components of CRMs most commonly involve either: (i) chemical oxidants to treat contaminants such as TCE, PCE, BTEX, and 1,4-Dioxane; (ii) sources of dissolved oxygen to stimulate aerobic biodegradation of contaminants such as BTEX and 1,4-Dioxane; or, (iii) substrates that stimulate reductive dechlorination of contaminants such as TCE and 1,2-DCA. It was found that in some studies, CRMs provided sustained delivery of CRM treatment reagents over several years, and achieved complete contaminant removal. However, lower removal rates were apparent in other cases, which may be ascribed to insufficient dispersion in the subsurface. There are a relatively limited number of field-scale applications of CRMs in contaminated land remediation. Those conducted to date suggest that CRMs could prove to be an effective future remediation strategy. Lessons learned from field applications, suggestions for future research directions, and conclusions are put forward in this review.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Long-term remediation of groundwater remains very challenging. </LI> <LI> Researchers have proposed the use of a variety of controlled release materials. </LI> <LI> They can release chemical oxidants, sources of dissolved oxygen, or substrates. </LI> <LI> Some controlled release materials can sustain reagent release for several years. </LI> <LI> Future research needs are put forward to help further develop these materials. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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