The behavior of velar nasal and syllabification

Chin Wan Chung 한국음운론학회 2001 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.7 No.1

Chung, Chin Wan. 2001. The behavior of velar nasal and syllabification. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology 7.1, 177-189. This study provides a Correspondence- Theoretic analysis for the behavior of velar nasal [?], which normally occurs after the alveolar nasal /n/ is inserted, a variant realization in Korean, with respect to syllabification and related phenomena in Korean and Japanese. Normally syllable internal consonants are syllabified as the onset of the following syllable, but the velar nasal does not follow this normal syllabification. We analyze this peculiar behavior by using Onset Condition constraint plus other relevant constraints. The velar nasal also shows other different acts than the other consonants in that it shows intraspeaker variation and interdialectal variation between SD and KD. These are rather readily analyzed by reranking the constraints offered in this analysis. The analysis of Korean case may be extended to Japanese case where it shows variation between young and old Japanese speakers regarding [g] and [?] variation. This paper illuminates the specific behaviors of the velar nasal in syllabification in general.(Hannam University)

An optimality-theoretic account of vowel harmony in Korean ideophones

Chin-Wan Chung 한국음운론학회 2000 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.6 No.2

Chung, Chin Wan. 2000. An optimality-theoretic account of vowel harmony in Korean ideophones. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology 6.2, 431-450. This study provides an account of vowel harmony in Korean ideophones within the theoretical framework of Optimality Theory. We show that vowel harmony process is achieved by employing two high ranked alignment constraints. We address the issue of misalignment at the right edge of the harmonic domain arguing that it is the result of the interaction between the featural identity and Align-Right constraints. The harmonizing behavior of the high back round vowel /u/ and its variation in a same morpheme are analyzed by using a conjunctive constraint and reranking relevant constraints repectively. We also argue that we should make a distinction between two /u/s in nonintial syllable positions. (Hannam University)

The Relationship between Prosodic and Morphological Constituents in Assimilation Processes of English

Chung,Chin-Wan 한국영어어문교육학회 2010 영어어문교육 Vol.16 No.3

This study focuses on how prosodically and morphologically based OT constraints are implemented in voicing and place assimilations in English. It is revealed that prosodically based ID-ONS(V) applies to both assimilations except for assimilations occurring with irregular inflection morphemes. Morphologically based meta-constraint ranking, however, plays a role only in progressive voicing assimilation with regular inflection morphemes and regressive place assimilation with complex words. Thus, prosodically and morphologically based constraints are differently implemented in assimilation processes in English. The study shows that general faithfulness constraints should be decomposed into more specified constraints. It is also revealed that the general direction of assimilation is regressive in English and it might be reversed if morphological facts are involved in the process (Lombardi, 2001).

A Study on the Emergence of the Unmarked in Chinese Reduplication and Phonological Issues

( Chin Wan Chung ) 대한언어학회 2011 언어학 Vol.19 No.2

The current study focuses on partial reduplication of three Chinese dialects. The study reveals that the location of on-glides in the dialects is different. The study also shows that the emergence of the unmarked occurs not only in the reduplicant but also in the base under the proposed constraint ranking schema. The realization of the diminutive morpheme in the different syllable position in three dialects is explained by two different alignment constraints.

A Constraint-based Analysis of Dissimilation in English

Chin-Wan Chung 한국영어어문교육학회 2012 영어어문교육 Vol.18 No.4

This paper deals with two different cases of dissimilation in English: traditional and r-deletion dissimilation examples. The structure preservation case of dissimilation is analyzed by adopting the meta-constraint ranking, which distinguishes root/stem and affix in their faithfulness realization in phonological processes. The trigger of dissimilation is related to the OCP requirement banning identical elements within a word. The second type of dissimilation is about non-structure preserving case where either of the two retroflex liquids is deleted in the output. The concept of positional faithfulness is adopted in the account of [r] dissimilation. It is revealed in this study that positional faithfulness needs to be specified more to reflect various combinations of category proposed in positional faithfulness.

The Linear Constituent Order of the Noun Phrase: An Optimality Theoretic Account

Chung, Chin-Wan The English Teachers Association in Korea 2003 영어어문교육 Vol.9 No.1

This paper provides an analysis of the linear constituent order of the NP in three different types of languages based on 33 languages: the NP with the prenominal modifiers, the NP with the postnominal modifiers, and the NP with both prenominal and postnominal modifiers (the mixed NP). Languages have NPs that feature different linear order, of the NP constituents. We attribute such different linear constituent orders within the NP to the linguistic distance and the limits imposed by the constituency and adjacency. We use the various kinds of alignment constraints which properly reflect the linguistic distance between the noun and each constituent. Language universals on word order provide us some general orders of various NP constituents. If we adopt the linguistic distance, the limits imposed by the constituency and the adjacency, and the alignment constraints, we can explain the complicated differences of NP constituent orders of languages of the world.

An Aspect of Obstruent Voicing Assimilation Direction in Dutch

Chin-Wan Chung 한국중원언어학회 2014 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.33

This paper focuses on the direction of obstruent voicing assimilation in Dutch. Confining examples to compounds and words comprised of a root plus an affix, we provide an alternative analysis based on constraints. Dutch voicing assimilation observed in this study follows one of two general obstruent voicing assimilation mechanisms: the asymmetry between syllable onsets and codas. These basic concepts are well described and formalized in positional faithfulness and we adopted such concepts in proposing relevant constraints within the framework of Optimality Theory. Based on position-specific faithfulness constraints and other general constraints, we provided an analytic tool for onset-driven voicing assimilation when the onset obstruent is a stop in two adjacent obstruents. On the other hand, if the onset obstruent is a voiced fricative, progressive assimilation occurs due to phonetic properties of voiced fricatives in Dutch. These complex-looking voicing assimilation patterns are accounted for by one constraint ranking.

Aspects of Echo-word Formation in Kashmiri and Hindi

Chin-Wan Chung 담화·인지언어학회 2017 담화·인지언어학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

Fixed segmentism in Mongolian reduplication

Chin-Wan Chung 한국음운론학회 2010 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.16 No.3

This study focuses on the two types of the fixed segmentism in Mongolian reduplication. The first type is the fixed segment that has a phonology basis, while the second type has a morphology basis. The study reveals that the fixed segment in the different types of reduplication behaves differently from each other. In one type, the fixed segment does not change at all, and TETU applies to the vowel length in the reduplicant. In addition, the unmarked feature of the fixed segment is different from in the regular phonology. In the other type, the fixed segment alternates with another segment to avoid restrictions applying to reduplication, and it becomes the landing site of the feature copied from the base. The result of study may show that two different types of fixed segment can occur within a language and that the unmarked feature may be different between the regular phonology and reduplication.

Pronunciation of Sonorant Clusters in English for Korean Speakers - A Constraint-based Approach

Chin-Wan Chung 한국영어어문교육학회 2007 영어어문교육 Vol.13 No.3

  This paper discusses why Korean speakers have problems in pronouncing some medial sonorant clusters in English. We argue that the main reasons lie in the sonority sequence requirement difference between the two languages. English does not have any specific sonority sequence preference between the medial sonorant sequences while Korean has a strict requirement between the two sonorants over a syllable boundary. This sonority sequence requirement difference between the two languages acts as an interference for Korean speakers in learning English pronunciation. This barrier for Korean speakers in acquiring correct pronunciation is implemented in a constraint ranking difference in the Optimality Theory, which is not familiar for Korean speakers. Understanding the details of sonorant production mechanisms along with the different constraint ranking will facilitate the learning process of Korean speakers learning English.