요추 추간판탈출증 수술 후 임상 증상의 회복

신병준,김준범,조영훈,권희,서유성,김연일,나수균,최창욱 대한척추외과학회 1997 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.4 No.2

Study Design : The authors retrospectively analysed the recovery of clinical symptoms after surgical treatment of lumbar HIVD. Objectives : To investigate the incidence of clinical symptoms, the recovery rate and time after surgical treatment and the difference between L4-5 and L5-S1 lesion. Summary of Literature Review : There are many reports concerning the clinical result of surgical treatment for the HIVD. They usually describe the result as excellent, good, fair and poor. We can't get any information about the recovery rate and recovery time of each clinical symptom from the reports. Materials and Methods : Thirty-eight patients were treated by one level open discectomy from march 1991 to december 1995. The clinical symptoms and signs including SLR, motor deficit, sensory deficit, change of DTR and severity of radiating pain were periodically followed up on the predesigned protocol, Results : In preoperative examination, SLR was positive in 82%, motor deficit in 76%, sensory deficit in 74%, DTR change in 50%, and radiating pain in 100%. The recovery rate of SLR was 96.8%, motor deficit ; 93.6%, sensory deficit ; 78.6%, DTR change ; 21 % and radiating pain ; 84.2%. The average recovery time of SLR was 3.4 months, motor deficit ; 1.9 months, sensory deficit ; 5.3 months, DTR change ; 4.1 months and radiating pain ; 3.2 months. Motor and sensory deficit was more frequent in L4-5 lesion but DTR change was usually noted in L5-S] lesion. The recovery rate and time showed no great difference between the two level. Conclusions : The recovery rate was higher in SLR, motor deficit and radiating pain rather than sensory deficit and DTR change. The recovery time was fastest in radiating pain but variable nature was noted in sensory deficit. Above results may be helpful to explain the prognosis of the lumbar HIVD.

사상 : 농암 김창협의 학문 수용과 지각론

김영훈 ( Young Hoon Kim ),전선숙 ( Sun Suk Jeon ),신창호 ( Chang Ho Shin ) 영산대학교 동양문화연구원 2012 동양문화연구 Vol.11 No.-

본 연구는 조선시대 유학자인 농암(農巖) 김창협(金昌協, 1651-1708)의 학문 수용 과정을 지각론을 중심으로 살펴본 것이다. 김창협은 율곡학파 계열의 학자이지만 퇴계 이황의 학설에 호감을 갖고 이를 긍정하여 자신의 학파와 절충하는 독특한 사상을 전개하였다. 율곡 이이의 사단칠정론에 대해 반대한 것은 아니지만 비판적 입장을 취하면서, 리발(理發)을 중심으로 하는 퇴계 이황의 이론을 수용하였다. 그것은 호락논쟁으로 이어지면서 김창협의 학문적 성숙을 유도하였고, 마침내 지각설이라는 이론 체계로 드러났다. 그의 지각론은 첫째, 성(性)은 성즉리(性卽理)의 입장에서 파악해야 하고 지(智) 또는 리(理)를 중심으로 해석해야 한다는 것, 둘째, 지(智)는 분별의 리(理)로 해석하는 것이 옳고, ‘밝게 비춘다’라는 구절의 해석에서 기미와 색상은 자연스럽게 드러난다는 점, 셋째, 지(智)는 사물의 시비득실(是非得失)의 차별을 구별하고 판단하는 기준이 된다는 점 등이 강조되었다. 다시 말하면, 인간은 사물을 접하게 마련이고, 심(心)의 지각은 이를 감각 기관을 통하여 받으며, 지각을 통해 받아들인 것은 인의예지신(仁義禮智信)의 성(性)에 의해 정해지고, 인간은 자신의 행동을 결정하며, 지는 인간의 내부에서 구체적인 정(情)의 작용인 측은지심, 수오지심, 사양지심, 시비지심의 모습으로 나타난다는 것이다. 이러한 인식은 인간을 주체이고 능동적 역할을 하는 존재로 부각시키는 사상적 근거가 된다. This research aimed to review the process regarding acceptance of studies about Nongam Kim Chang-Hyeop who was a confucian of Joseon Dynasty with the theory of intelligence and perception as the central figure. Being the scholar of Yulgok school, Kim Chang-Hyeop was interested in Toegye Lee Hwang`s theory, agreed with it, made a compromise with his school, and developed his unique thought. Although he did not object to Yulgok Lee Yi`s Sa Dan Chil Jeong Non(四端七情論, it is a theory regarding Sa Dan which are perfect virtue, righteousness, courtesy, and perception according to the theory of Mencius. and Chil Jeong which are pleasure, anger, sadness, joy, love, hate, and avariciousness), he took a critical attitude regarding it and accepted Lee Hwang`s theory with Li Bal(理發, appearing principle law) as the central figure. It was followed by Ho Rak Non Jaeng(湖洛論爭, it is an argument regarding whether human nature and thing`s nature are same or not), led the maturity of Kim Chang-Hyeop`s study, and finally appeared with the theoretical system of intelligence and perception. His theory of intelligence and perception emphasized that first, nature is perceived by "nature is principle law" and interpreted by intelligence or principle law. Second, it is right that intelligence is interpreted by principle law of discernment and smell, taste, and color naturally appear with interpretation of "shine brightly on." Third, intelligence is the criterion of discernment and judgement regarding differentiation of Si Bi Deuk Sil(是非得失, right, wrong, obtaining, and losing) about things. In other words, a person always faces any things, intelligence and perception of mind is arranged through sense organ, things accepted through intelligence and perception are determined by the nature of In Ui Ye Ji Sin(仁義禮智信, perfect virtue, righteousness, courtesy, intelligence, and trust), people determine their action, intelligence appears with the working of feeling which are Cheuk Eun Ji Sim, So O Ji Sim, Sa Yang Ji Sim, and Si Bi Si Sim. This perception becomes a foundation of thought which emphasizes human beings as a active role and a subject.

Factors associated with inflammatory change of epidermal cyst

( Jisang Yun ),( Kyung-nam Bae ),( Jin-hwa Son ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Byungsoo Kim ),( Moon-bum Kim ),( Kihyuk Shin ) 대한피부과학회 2021 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.73 No.1

Background: Epidermal cysts (EC) are the most common tumors found on the skin and accompanying inflammation is also frequent. However, the predictors for inflammatory change have not been investigated yet. Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the difference between inflamed and uninflamed epidermal cysts, and to assess associated factors for inflammatory change. Methods: We analyzed the biopsy-proven 1723 epidermal cysts (515 inflamed and 1208 uninflamed) at two tertiary hospitals from 2011 to 2021. Results: The proportion of inflamed epidermal cysts (IEC) and uninflamed epidermal cyst (UIEC) were 29.9 % and 70.1 %, respectively. Inflammatory change was less frequently observed on the face (25.5 %) than the other sites (32.1 %) (p=0.0046). The anatomic location with the highest rate of inflammatory change was back (40.8 %, p=0.0004). Mean duration of inflammatory change from UIEC to IEC on the face was shorter than the other sites (12.5 months vs 17.9 months, respectively, p= 0.0473). On ultrasonography, long axis of IEC (20.7mm) was generally longer than that of UIEC (15.7mm) (p=0.0218). Moreover, Inflammatory change was more frequent on the EC with punctum compared to those without punctum (35.3 % vs 30.3 %, P=0.0471). Conclusion: Based on the location, size and presence of punctum, decision on the optimal treatment strategies can be established when encountering patients with EC.

FC 2-8 : Factors associated with inflammatory change of epidermal cyst

( Jisang Yun ),( Kyung-nam Bae ),( Jin-hwa Son ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Byungsoo Kim ),( Moon-bum Kim ),( Kihyuk Shin ) 대한피부과학회 2021 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.73 No.-

Background: Epidermal cysts (EC) are the most common tumors found on the skin and accompanying inflammation is also frequent. However, the predictors for inflammatory change have not been investigated yet. Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the difference between inflamed and uninflamed epidermal cysts, and to assess associated factors for inflammatory change. Methods: We analyzed the biopsy-proven 1723 epidermal cysts (515 inflamed and 1208 uninflamed) at two tertiary hospitals from 2011 to 2021. Results: The proportion of inflamed epidermal cysts (IEC) and uninflamed epidermal cyst (UIEC) were 29.9 % and 70.1 %, respectively. Inflammatory change was less frequently observed on the face (25.5 %) than the other sites (32.1 %) (p=0.0046). The anatomic location with the highest rate of inflammatory change was back (40.8 %, p=0.0004). Mean duration of inflammatory change from UIEC to IEC on the face was shorter than the other sites (12.5 months vs 17.9 months, respectively, p= 0.0473). On ultrasonography, long axis of IEC (20.7mm) was generally longer than that of UIEC (15.7mm) (p=0.0218). Moreover, Inflammatory change was more frequent on the EC with punctum compared to those without punctum (35.3 % vs 30.3 %, P=0.0471). Conclusion: Based on the location, size and presence of punctum, decision on the optimal treatment strategies can be established when encountering patients with EC.

Acral calcified angioleiomyoma: a rare clinicopathologic variant of cutaneous angioleiomyoma

( Kihyuk Shin ),( Woo-il Kim ),( Min-young Yang ),( Won-ku Lee ),( Tae-wook Kim ),( Sung-min Park ),( Hyun-joo Lee ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Byung-soo Kim ),( Moon-bum Kim ),( Gun-wook Ki 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.1

Cutaneous angioleiomyomas are benign tumors with vascular smooth muscle differentiation. The tumor usually involves the lower extremity, but acral sites such as toes, fingers, feet, and hands are rarely affected. Leiomyoma of deep soft tissue commonly shows regressive changes including prominent fibrosis, and calcification, however, cutaneous angioleiomyoma rarely manifests these changes. A 61-year-old female presented with subcutaneous nodule on the right heel. The lesion began to develop 3 months ago without history of trauma or infection, and the patient reported no subjective symptom. The lesion was totally excised, and histopathology revealed a well-circumscribed, non-encapsulated tumor composed of interlacing fascicles of spindled cells with elongated blunt-ended nuclei. A major finding was extensive calcifications, which dominated over the cellular component. On immunohistochemical examination, the spindle cells expressed strong immunoreactivity for α -smooth muscle actin. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of acral calcified angioleiomyoma was made. We have described a rare clinicopathologic variant of angioleiomyoma which has a predilection for acral locations and shows extensive calcifications predominating over the tumor itself. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with acral calcified angioleiomyoma in Korean dermatologic literature.

창공91의 비행 시험을 통한 지면 효과 측정에 관한 연구

황명신,장욱진,이정훈 한국 항공대학교 항공산업기술연구소 1996 航空宇宙産業技術硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-

창공-91 비행기를 이용하여 비교적 양항비가 큰 비행기의 지면 효과를 측정하는 연구를 수행하였다. 이착륙 중에는 지면에 의한 영향에 의해 공기역학적인 특성이 변화하며, 따라서 조종 특성에 많은 영향을 준다. 지면 효과에 대한 연구는 특히 시뮬레이터를 설계하는데 기초적인 자료로서 대단히 중요하지만 측정의 어려움 등으로 인하여 거의 연구 자료가 없다. 본 연구에서는 경비행기인 창공-91을 이용하여 여러 가지 비행 형태에 대해 지면 효과를 측정하기 위한 비행 시험을 수행하였다. 비행 형태는 실제 이착륙 조건을 고려하여 플랩 1단, 2단, 3단에 대하여 수행되었으며, 본 연구에서는 적은 비행회수로도 지면 효과를 측정할 수 있는 일정 받음각 방법을 이용하여 비행을 하였다. 실제 비행 시험 결과 지면 가까이에서 양력의 증가를 확인할 수 있었지만 항력과 키놀이 모멘트의 변화를 측정하기는 어려웠다. When an airplane flies close to the ground, at a height of one or two wing spans, it experiences an increase in lift and significant changes in drag and pitching moment. This phenomenon is known as ground effect. A study on the Ground Effect of Chang-Gong 91 was conducted by the flight test. Because of the obvious influence of ground proximity during the takeoff and landing phases, it has been the subject of considerable investigation, especially for simulator design. However, despite this consideration, an adequate amount of reliable ground-effects data does not appear in the literature. A Constant Angle of Attack approach technique was used to measure ground effect on several aircraft configuration. Test results indicate that ground proximity produces and increase in the lift-curve slope for Chang-Gong 91

국내 중소하천의 유사량 산정 공식 적용에 관한 연구

강창훈 ( Chang-hoon Kang ),장석환 ( Suk-hwan Jang ),신철식 ( Cheol-sik Shin ),이현기 ( Hyeon-ki Lee ),김월봉 ( Wol-bong Kim ) 한국환경기술학회 2013 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.14 No.6

유사란 하천수에 의하여 운반되는 토사를 말하며 유수에 의해 침식, 퇴적이 반복되는 결과를 낳는다. 최근 기후변화와 함께 대규모 홍수가 빈번해 짐에 따라 하천의 유사량이 커지고 4대강 사업처럼 대규모 하천사업으로 인한 하상변동이 심해지고 있다. 하천에서 총유사량 추정은 하상변동의 원인이 되기도 하고 수자원 개발 및 관리를 위한 하천계획에 필요한 기본적 요소이다. 하지만 국내에서는 대규모 하천에서의 유사량은 측정을 실시하고 있지만 중소하천의 경우 유사량을 실측하여 산정할 수 있는 시간적 경제적 부담 때문에 측정할 수 있는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 경기북부에 위치한 차탄천, 포천천, 경기남부에 위치한 남양천의 각 유량에 따른 부유사를 채취하여 시료분석을 통한 결과와 이론식을 적용하여 비교 분석 하였다. 채취한 시료는 입도분석을 실시하였으며 현장 측정 자료와 실내실험 결과를 토대로 수정 아인슈타인공식을 적용한 BORAMEP 프로그램을 사용하여 총유사량을 산정하였다. 분석 결과, 3m³/sec 이하 유량에서는 Yang 공식이 실측자료와 일치성을 나타냈고 3m³/sec 이상에서는 Shen and Hung 공식이 잘 나타났다. 각 이론을 적용하여 총유사량을 추정하고, 실측치를 이용하여 비교·검토함으로써 국내 중소하천에 적합한 산정 방법과 경기북부 지역 중소하천의 유량-총유사량 관계식을 제시하였다. Sediment transport means that the materials of bed and suspended load in the river are transported by flow tractive force, which causes scour and deposition. As the climate changes and dramatic flood occurs frequently, the sediment transport has increased and river bed changed. Sediment transport estimation is essential for the water resources management as well as river bed morphology. However, it is difficult to measure the total sediment in the middle and small river due to time and economic constrain. In this study, field data which were observed in 3 different river in Kyunggi-do were analyzed for comparing with empirical equations. Particle distribution analysis were carried out for the collected the suspended loads. The simulation model BORAMEP(Bureau of Reclamation Automated Modified Einstein Procedure) were used for the total sediment estimation along the field data analysis. As a result, Yang`s equation corresponds to field data under 3m³/sec and the equation of Shen and Hung corresponds to results over 3m³/sec. The results showed the way how sediment were estimated and discharge-total sediment relationship was determined by regression analysis in small and middle river of Kyunggi province region.

알칼리 전해액의 상호작용에 의한 Stainless Steel 주성분의 변화 분석

변창섭,임수곤,김수곤,최호상,신훈규,Byun, Chang-Sub,Lim, Soo-Gon,Kim, Su-Kon,Choi, Ho-Sang,Shin, Hoon-Kyu 한국전기전자재료학회 2013 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.26 No.7

In this paper, We studied the change of surface and variation of elements on both electrodes of hydrogen generator of alkaline electrolysis in use of FE-SEM and SIMS. We used the stainless steel 316(600 ${\mu}m$) as electrode in condition of 25%KOH, $60^{\circ}C$ Temperature. The results show that the intensity of elements (C, Si, P, S, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Mo) of Positive Electrode are decreased as much as about $10^1{\sim}10^3 $than the original electrode. Thickness of Positive Electrode is decreased about 40 ${\mu}m$ after chemical reaction. The negative electrode, however, shows a slight variation in the intensity of elements (C, Si, P, Fe, Ni, Mn, Mo) but Change of thickness and surface' shape of electrode show nothing after chemical reaction. The change in thickness and variation of Stainless Steel 316 cause the lifetime of electrode to be shorted. We also observed hydrogen, oxygen, potassium in both electrodes. Especially, The potassium is increased in proportional with depth of positive electrode. this means the concentration of alkali solutions is changed. and so we have to supply alkaline solution to generator in order to produce same quantity of hydrogen gas continuously. we hope that this study gives a foundation to develop the electrode for hydrogen generator of alkaline electrolysis.

Effects of DK-002, a synthesized (6aS,cis)-9,10-Dimethoxy-7,11b-dihydro-indeno[2,1-c]chromene-3,6a-diol, on platelet activity

Lee, Ki-Seon,Khil, Lee-Yong,Chae, Sang-Ho,Kim, Deukjoon,Lee, Byung-Hoon,Hwang, Gwi-Seo,Moon, Chang-Hyun,Chang, Tong-Shin,Moon, Chang-Kiu 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2008 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.17

In the present study, the mechanism of antiplatelet activity of DK.-002, a synthesized (6aS,cis)-9.10-Dimethoxy-7,11b-dihydro-indeno|2,1-c ]chroniene-3.6a-diol, was investigated. DK-002 inhibited the thrombin, collagen, and ADP-induced rat platelet aggregation in a concentration- dependent manner, with 1C_(50) values of 120. 27, and 47 μM, respectively. DK-002 also inhibited thrombin-induced dense granule secretion, thromboxane A_(2) synthesis, and [Ca^(2+)], elevation in platelets. DK-002 did not show any significant effect on ADP-induced inhibition of cyclic AMP elevation by prostaglandin E_(1). but DK-002 was confirmed to inhibit ADP-induced [Ca^(2+)] elevation and shape change. DK-002 inhibited 4- bronw-A23187-induced [Ca^(2+)], elevation in the presence of creatine phosphate/creatine phosphokinase (CP/CPK, a ADP scavenging system) and indomethacin (a specific inhibitor of cyclooxygenase). DK-002 also inhibited Ca^(2+) mobilization in thrombin- or 4-bromo-A23187-stimulated platelets through its inhibitory effects on both Ca^(2+) release from intracellular stores and Ca^(2+) influx, in the presence of CP/CPK and indomethacin. Taken together, the present study shows that DK-002 has inhibitory effects on stimulation of platelets, and suggests that its antiplatelet activity might be related to the inhibitory mechanism on Ca^(2+) mobilization in stimulated platelets. ⓒ 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

통신상품 자기시장잠식 분석을 위한 방법론 고찰 및 확산모형

신창훈 한국항공대학교 경영연구소 1997 경영연구 Vol.4 No.1

In these days, according to technologiaal improvement and deregulation, new telecommunicutions products proliferate, and they replace and compete with old ones in the telecommuniaztions market. We present the research method for the wnnibalization among the telecommunications produds. And we develop and empirimlly test a new multi-generation diffmion model, in uhich negative word-of-mouth effect to the diffusion process of the old product is explicitly reflected