基于可持续生计的非遗旅游发展研究——以杨家埠民间艺术大观园和红高粱影视城为例

詹雪芳,石美玉,이명애 대한중국학회 2024 중국학 Vol.86 No.-

生计的可持续发展对于改善农民生活质量、保障粮食安全、促进农村经济发展和社会稳定等方面都具有重要意义,因此拓宽农民的生计策略选择范围是必要的。非遗旅游作为乡村振兴的重要途经之一,可以使生计多元化,提高农民生活的稳定性。本研究选取了杨家埠民间艺术大观园和红高粱影视城作为研究对象,运用可持续生计分析框架,通过深度访谈和参与式观察法,探究非遗旅游发展对可持续生计的影响,以期能够为其他需要丰富生计策略的乡村发展提供实践参考。研究结果表明,不同的非遗旅游发展路径带来不同的生计资本积累,因此乡村在规划发展非遗旅游时,应关注并解决不同类型的发展路径带来的生计资本短板,以促进非遗旅游和农户生计的持续发展。其次,乡村发展非遗旅游的过程中,不同生计资本之间存在相互转化和替代、相互影响和制约的关系,这意味着乡村在发展非遗旅游时,需要综合考虑各生计资本之间的关系,确保它们能够相互促进和协调发展。 The sustainable development of livelihood is of great significance to improve the livelihood of farmers. It‘s necessary to broaden farmers’ livelihood strategy choices. Intangible cultural heritage tourism diversifies livelihoods and improves stability of farmers‘ lives. Taking Yangjiabu Folk Art Park and Red Sorghum Movie City as research objects, this study uses sustainable livelihood analysis framework, in-depth interviews, and participatory observation methods to explore the impact of intangible cultural heritage tourism on sustainable livelihoods, providing reference for rural development in need of enriching livelihood strategies. The research finds that different paths of intangible cultural heritage tourism lead to different accumulation of livelihood capital. Therefore, when planning and developing intangible cultural heritage tourism, rural areas should solve the shortage of livelihood capital brought by different types of development paths, promoting sustainable development of intangible cultural heritage tourism and farmers’ livelihoods. Secondly, in the process of rural development of intangible cultural heritage tourism, there is a mutual transformation and substitution, mutual influence and restriction relationship between different livelihood capital. Rural development of intangible cultural heritage tourism needs to consider the relationship between various livelihood capital, ensuring they can promote each other and coordinate development.

지속가능한 생계 연구 동향: 관광학 분야 연계 및 연구 방향

왕학,이상훈 사단법인 한국비즈니스이벤트컨벤션학회 2023 이벤트 컨벤션 연구 Vol.19 No.2

Purpose – The purpose of this study is from a social science perspective, livelihoods help achieve sustainable environmental, economic, social, and cultural development. Design, data, and methodology – In this study, papers were searched for with the keyword ‘sustainable livelihood‘ in English journals from 2000 to 2021 in the SCI (Science Citation Index), and language network analysis and visualization were conducted based on this. Key words were derived from 865 research papers. Result – As a result of the language network analysis, the main keywords are ‘livelihood’, ‘sustainable’, ‘climate change’, ‘sustainable development’, ‘sustainable livelihood’, ‘development’, ‘agriculture’, ‘protection’, ‘poverty’, As a result of the language network visualization analysis, ‘livelihood’, ‘poverty’, ‘sustainable’, ‘biodiversity’, and ‘sustainable development’ appeared from 2000 to 2010. On the other hand, from 2011 to 2021, the key words ‘livelihood’, ‘sustainable’, ‘climate change’, ‘development’, and ‘agriculture’ appeared. Conclusions – Research in this part focuses on examining the externalities of rural tourism and livelihood research, and the number of research issues is relatively large. In addition, the rural poverty problem is more prominent, suggesting that tourism is an important industrial route to accelerate the development of rural modernization and solve the poverty problem.

Rural Development and Strategies for Sustainable Agrarian Livelihood

DEXANOURATH SENEDUANGDETH 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 2009 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.38 No.1

This research aims to explore how rural development under the policy of market-oriented economy effects local people in terms of economic, social and cultural practices, and how they adapt themselves to those changes to sustain their livelihood strategies through focusing on Ban Huaxieng of Xaithany district as a case study. This study analyzes both primary data and secondary data and applies both quantitative and qualitative analysis methods. Four methods are applied for primary data: household survey, participant observation, life history and indepth interview. This research focuses on three main parts: first, Ban Huaxieng and policy implementation of rural development; second, livelihood diversification as new livelihood strategies; and third, changing social and cultural practices under development. As a result of analyzing this case study, two main findings are discovered. Firstly, diversification of livelihood is considered as new livelihood strategies under rural development along with the mechanism of market economy. Secondly, rural development can improve living condition but creates contradictions; particularly, development under the market mechanism has created unintended consequences, which can endanger some agrarian households’ sustainable livelihood.

Char-Lands Development Policies for Settlement and Livelihoods Sustainability in the Ganges-Padma River Basin in Bangladesh: A Case Analysis

( Shafi Noor Islam ) 한국정책학회 2015 International Journal of Policy Studies Vol.6 No.1

The char-lands are highly vulnerable to natural disasters in the Ganges-Padma River basin. Over 12 million char dwellers are affected by annual floods, erosion and struggling against livelihoods sustainability and stability of settlements location. The newly emerged land in the river channel is called char-land or diara. Purba Khas Bandarkhola Mouza (Seat 3) of Char-Janajat is a unique char which is located in the Ganges-Padma River channel where over 3000 people are affected. The settlements and people of the char-lands are under threat due to floods which have exerted a greater impact on culture, society and local economy. The six livelihood assets (human capital, natural capital, financial capital, physical capital, political capital and social capital) have been considered in char-land development approach, but this study found that culture, heritage and cultural identity could be included with the other six assets of char-lands livelihoods sustainability. The study found that the important issues such as socio-economy, livelihoods and their resilient to the impacts of flood and erosion hazards. This is necessary to control or adapt the vulnerabilities through developmental strategic policies implementation. The objective of this study is to develop an integrated framework and policies for settlement and livelihoods sustainability in the Ganges-Padma River basin in Bangladesh.

Impact Analysis of Urbanization on Rural Livelihood- An Empirical Study of an Urban Centre of Delhi, India

Ghuncha Firdaus,Ateeque Ahmad 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2011 도시과학국제저널 Vol.15 No.3

Urbanization, one of the most pressing global issues, with all of its concomitant consequences, is resulting in greater attention among planners and policy makers today than ever before. The present study intends to probe into the subject of urbanization with a specific focus on Delhi, and analysis of the same in the context of changing agricultural land use pattern and rural livelihood. A crosssectional design was used for data collection from a random sample of 896farming households. The analysis depicts that during 1951–2001, the urban area of Delhi expanded from 195.8 ㎢ to 924.6 ㎢, and the urban population increased from 0.1 to 2.3 million. Information at the household level shows that nearly 63% of the sampled household shifted their occupation from agriculture to non-agriculture, while almost 50% of the respondents reported change in cropping patterns, i.e. food grain versus vegetables, fruits and flowers. Through the application of the multiple linear regression model, the study reveals that residential complexes (p<0.01) and household industries (p<0.05) have a positive significant bearing on agricultural land use patterns. The development of transportation networks, orchards and nurseries, and brick kiln are shown to have an insignificant (p>0.05) correlation. Integrated planning for rural and urban areas may be key for balanced and sustainable urban development of Delhi.

콜롬보 슬럼지역의 유치원교육과 빈곤가정 유아의 삶

안지영 ( Ji Young Ahn ) 한국교육인류학회 2014 교육인류학연구 Vol.17 No.2

이 연구의 목적은 극빈 환경 속에서 교육이 어떠한 역할을 감당하고 있는가에 대한 것을 드러내고자 함이다. 이를 위하여 본 연구는 스리랑카 콜롬보의 슬럼 지역에 거주하는 빈곤가정 유아들의 삶과 그곳에 위치한 유치원의 역할을 중심으로 살펴보고, 극도의 빈곤 환경 속에서 성장하는 유아들과 그들의 가정이 슬럼에서 어떻게 적응해나가며, 그 곳에 위치한 유치원 교육과는 어떠한 관계를 맺고 있는가에 초점을 맞추었다. 이를 위해 콜롬보 외곽에 위치한 블루멘달 슬럼에서 2013년 5월 20일부터 8월 21일까지 14주간의 현지조사를 행하였다. 여러 측면에서 빈곤은 유아의 삶에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 빈곤의 고통은 온전히 그들의 일상생활에 반영되고 있었다. 블루멘달 슬럼 유아들은 빈곤의문화 속에서 어려운 상황들을 경험하고 있었으며, 특히 부모의 삶에 대한 태도는 자녀의 교육에 대한 권리와 사회적 소외에 더 영향을 미치는 요소가 되기도 하였다. 결론적으로, 블루멘달 슬럼에서는 슬럼 거주민들이 만들어 온 ‘그들만의 빈곤의문화’도 발견할 수 있었으며, 동시에 ‘지속가능한 생계’의 가능성 역시도 발견할 수 있었다. 슬럼에 거주하는 성인들은 그들의 슬럼 문화를 따라가고, 또 재생산해내지만, 유아들은 새로운 변화에 대하여 융통적이며, 미래의 가능성에 대한 잠재성을 지니고 있었다. 그 속에서 유치원은 중요한 역할을 하였다. ‘K`` 유치원은 부족한 자원의 한계 속에서도 유아들이 가진 잠재력에 대한 기대를 가지고 교육, 영양, 위생, 돌봄 등 슬럼지역에서 요구되는 필요한 지원을 하고 있으며, 스스로 미래를 개척할수 있다는 가능성을 바탕으로 슬럼 지역 유아들의 교육과 삶에 대한 기본적 태도를 기르는 것에 초점을 맞추고 있었다. The aim of this research is to examine the role of education in poverty. To be specific, I investigated the impact of poverty on slum children and explored the role of a kindergarten among the poor. This research was carried out through a 14 week fieldwork in the Bloemendhal slum in Colombo from the 20th of May to the 21st of August in 2013. In the slum, poverty affects children’s lives negatively in many aspects. The painful agony of poverty completely reflects on the children’s daily life. Parents are a major potential agent for their children``s exclusion from the main society. It is possible to discover a culture of poverty in the slum, and at the same time, it is possible to find the possibilities for enhancing sustainable livelihoods. The adults carry slum culture and reproduce it, but young children are more flexible to adapt to changes and can make a potential change for their future. The kindergarten plays an important role in this and offers a beacon of hope.

Scaling up REDD+ strategies in Bangladesh: a forest dependence study in the Chittagong Hill Tracts

Md. Danesh Miah,Shalina Akther,신만용,Masao Koike 한국산림과학회 2014 Forest Science And Technology Vol.10 No.3

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and enhancing forest carbon stocks (REDD+) have alreadybeen recognized as helping to mitigate global climate change and to conserve forest biodiversity as well as to improverural livelihoods. Determining the nature and degree of the local peoples’ dependence on the forest can be an important aidto implementation of REDD+ in Bangladesh. The research aims to find out the nature and degree of forest dependence ofthe local peoples living in the tropical semi-evergreen forests in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) of Bangladesh as well asto determine the tradeoffs between forest use and REDD+. The average revenue per household from selling forest productsin the study area was 13,473 taka per year including revenues from timber, firewood, bamboo, medicinal plants, mammalsand nuts, of which timber sales generated the largest revenue. Looking at the total extraction of forest products, the studyfound that 92% of the firewood is consumed directly by households, followed by timber 33%, bamboo 33%, medicinalplants 22%, mammals 3% and nuts 2%. At the strategy point of REDD+ implementation in the CHT of Bangladesh, thealternative livelihoods of forest-dependent peoples include culture of plantations, agricultural intensification, and smallbusiness development. Dependence on the forest for medicinal, religious and food purposes is fundamental, whileextraction of timber, bamboo and vegetables from the forest could be sacrificed. The present study confirms that forREDD+ implementation, appropriate cash compensation should be provided to the forest-dependent people for traditionalforest use foregone. This study will be useful to policy makers concerned with REDD+ strategies and natural forestconservation in Bangladesh.

Livelihood Sustainability through Community Development Project: A Case of Rural Bangladesh

사이푼 나하르(Saifun Nahar) 영남대학교 박정희새마을연구원 2019 새마을학연구 Vol.4 No.2

지역 주도 개발은 도농 간 개발 격차를 완화하려는 개발도상국의 노력 중 핵심적인 부분이다. 이 방식에 의거하여 방글라데시 정부는 지난 1980년대 말과 1990년대에 수많은 개발 사업을 시행한 바 있다. 그러나 이 중 대부분은 제대로 성과를 내지 못했고 지속적으로 이어지지도 못했다. 2009년 방글라데시 정부는 과거 ‘일 농가 일 농장’ 사업이라고 알려진 ‘Amar Bari Amar Khamar’ 사업을 시작했다. 이 사업은 기금 조성과 농사일을 통한 지속가능한 개발이라는 비전을 가지고, 농촌의 소외계층과 빈농의 삶을 개선하고 그들의 사회적 지위를 향상시키며 빈곤과 불평등을 완화하려는 목적을 가지고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 Amar Bari Amar Khamar 사업이 가난한 농촌 지역의 문제를 어떻게 해결하는 지를 DFID의 지속가능 생계 프레임워크를 통해 비판적으로 분석하는 데 있다. 이 연구를 위해 2018년 6월까지의 각종 사업보고서, 인터넷에서 확보 가능한 여러 출간물, 정부 자료, 연구 성과물 등 이차 자료를 분석했다. 본 연구 결과 상기 사업이 3백만 명의 주민을 위한 종합적이고 지속가능한 재정 확보, 즉 약 480억 타카(방글라데시의 통화 단위) 규모의 항구적 재원을 확보하고, 직업 연수를 통해 168,750명의 숙련 인력을 창출했으며, 약 500억 타카를 투자하여 230만여 가구의 소규모 가족농을 창출하는 등 긍정적 영향을 미친 것으로 드러났다. 뿐만 아니라 사업 및 재무 관리의 과정을 완전히 디지털화함으로써 사업의 투명성과 책임성을 확보할 수 있었다. 이러한 노력에도 불구하고 여전히 많은 문제점이 존재하지만, 이는 한국의 새마을운동의 정신과 가치를 활용함으로써 최소화할 수 있으리라 판단된다. Community Driven Development (CDD) has been at the heart of many developing countries in trying to reduce the development gap between rural and urban populations. Based on this approach, Bangladesh government took a number of development projects in the late 1980s and 1990s but most of them found incomplete and further initiatives did not take to extend these projects on a sustainable basis. In 2009 Government of Bangladesh initiated Amar Bari Amar Khamar previously known as ‘One House One Farm’ project for the promotion of rural disadvantaged and poor farm families and to uplift their social status as well as reducing poverty and inequality with the vision of sustainable development through fund mobilization and farming. The prime objective of this study is to explore the status of ‘Amar Bari Amar Khamar’ project in community rural development with a critical look at how the project is addressing the hard-core poor community needs within the DFID Sustainable Livelihood Framework. This study has been conducted by using secondary data which included project reports up to June 2018, internet-based publications, government documents and some research reports. It has been found that the project has positive impact on comprehensive and sustainable financial inclusion of over 3 million population and create permanent fund worth of near about 48 billion Taka to be used generation after generation, made 168,750 skilled man power by providing trade-based training, conducting regular court yard weekly meeting for ensuring development initiatives as participatory and bottom up in nature, create 2.307 million mini/ family farms by investing 50 billion Taka (approx.). Besides, digitization of the total process of project management and fund management is ensuring transparency and accountability by reduced corruption and operational time, 0.346 billion Taka has been invested in SMEs through 6,920 graduated members. In spite of enormous efforts still there exist some practical problems which could be minimized by using the spirit and values of Saemaul Undong approach of South Korea in improving present condition.

One Livelihood Hansalim Movement of Jang Il-Soon and Its Implication for Sustainable Future

허찬란 한국지리학회 2019 한국지리학회지 Vol.8 No.3

This article introduces one livelihood Hansalim thought of Jang Il-Soon and suggests a comprehensive and ethically conscious understanding of ecosystem integrating natural and religious worldview. A crisis in the ecosystem was first diagnosed as a problem within the ecosystem itself caused by political, economic and social factors. It is now understood that the problem is rooted in the way humans think about nature. The Life Thought of Jang Il-Soon comprises social and spiritual pursuits emphasizing ethical thinking and practice to overcome environmental crisis. One Livelihood Hansalim Movement of Jang Il-Soon integrates Donghak and Christian teachings, and emphasizes that we as human beings have unique rights and obligations, but are a part of all living things where these rights and obligations must be reconsidered through integrated aspects. The main principles of life-centeredness and One Livelihood give us the foundations for ecological awareness and depth of religious mind. These thoughts will allow us to transform ourselves and their practices could be begun in local communities. The Hansalim Movement propose an integrative environmental ethics, and could be used for the base of environmental education toward sustainable future.

한국과 캐나다의 체류자격별 생계유지 요건에 관한 비교연구

김민지 인문사회 21 2022 인문사회 21 Vol.13 No.6

A Comparative Study on Livelihood Requirementsby Status of Sojourn in Korea and CanadaMinji Kim Abstract: This study was initiated for the need for unity and clarity in terms of the reliability and predictability of immigration policy for income regulation, as specific details about the ability to sustain a livelihood for long term sojourn status in Korea depend on announcements or guidelines. In order to analyze the income requirements for the ability to sustain livelihood for the domestic long-term sojourn status, it divided the domestic long term sojourn status into employment, marriage migrants, residence and permanent status under the Immigration Act. In addition, by analyzing the provisions of Canada’s Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulation, the feasibility of asset requirements for each sojourn status of foreigners residing in Korea was reviewed. Based on this, to improve livelihood requirements for each sojourn status, clarification of livelihood requirements under the Immigration Act and income requirements standards based on the monthly minimum wage were suggested. Key Words: Status of Sojourn, Long Term Sojourn, Sustainability of Livelihood, Permanent Residency 한국과 캐나다의 체류자격별 생계유지 요건에 관한 비교연구김 민 지* 연구 목적: 이 연구는 국내 장기체류 자격에 대한 생계유지 능력 규정에 대한 이민정책의 신뢰성과 예측 가능성 측면에서 통일성과 명확성의 필요성을 목적으로 하였다. 연구 방법: 연구 방법은 국내 장기체류 자격에 대한 생계유지 능력에 대해 「출입국관리법」과 캐나다의 「이민 및 난민 보호법」 규정을 분석하였다. 연구 내용: 이 논문의 연구내용은 「출입국관리법」 상 국내 장기체류 자격을 취업, 결혼이민, 거주 및 영주자격으로 구분하고, 각 체류자격에 대한 생계 유지능력 요건을 검토하였다. 또한 캐나다의 「이민 및 난민 보호법」 규정을 분석하여 국내 체류 외국인의 체류자격별 자산 요건에 대한 타당성을 검토하였다. 결론 및 제언: 이를 기반으로 체류자격별 생계유지 요건을 개선하기 위해 「출입국관리법」상 생계유지 요건의 명확화와 월 최저임금을 기준으로 한 소득요건 기준을 제시하였다. 핵심어: 체류자격, 장기체류, 이민정책, 생계유지능력, 영주자격 □ 접수일: 2022년 11월 14일, 수정일: 2022년 11월 26일, 게재확정일: 2022년 12월 20일* 동국대학교 국제다문화학과 박사과정(Dotoral Course, Dongguk Univ., Email: herbs1@naver.com)