항공사 객실승무원이 지각한 안전 분위기가 안전 동기와 안전행동에 미치는 영향

이종호 대한관광경영학회 2020 觀光硏究 Vol.35 No.7

Flight attendants are crucial to the overall safety of the airline industry as they help enhance cabin safety at the forefront by alleviating passenger concerns. Possessing the right Safety Climate(MV: management’s value, LV: team leader’s value, TC: team member’s communication) not only improves working conditions and motivation but also positively influences employees’ safety behaviour. Thus, this study examined the effects perceived of flight attendants’ safety climate on safety motivation and safety behavior. Particularly, it focused on the mediating effects of safety motivation on the relationship between safety climate and safety behavior. Data from a survey of 312 flight attendants working for Korean airlines were analyzed SPSS. The results are as follows: Firstly, safety climate(MV, LV, TC) can exert a significant effect on an individual’s safety motivation. Secondly, a high safety motivation increase safety behavior. Thirdly, MV and TC has a positive effect on safety behavior whereas LV has a negative effect on safety behavior. Lastly safety motivation was found to be a partial mediator between safety climate and safety behavior; as it only proved to be a key mediator between MV and safety behavior, and TC and safety behavior. These findings identify management’s value and team member’s communication as important safety climate factors that can affect a flight attendant’s perceived safety motivation and safety behavior. These results can ultimately contribute to an understanding of the factors to prevent or minimize safety accidents in the cabin. 본 연구는 항공사의 안전은 많은 시간을 승객과 함께하며 안전과 서비스를 제공하는 객실승무원들이 지각하는 안전에 대한 가치에 달려있으므로 객실승무원의 안전행동을 촉진하는 기제가 무엇인지를 파악하고자 하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 객실승무원이 지각하는 안전 분위기는 안전 동기에 유의미한 영향을 미치고 있었다. 구체적으로 경영자가치, 팀리더 가치, 팀원 간 의사소통은 안전 동기에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는데, 영향력은 팀원 간 의사소통, 경영자가치, 팀리더 가치 순으로 나타났다. 둘째, 안전 동기는 안전행동을 촉진하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 셋째, 객실승무원이 지각한 안전 분위기 중 경영자가치와 팀원 간 의사소통은 안전행동에 정(+)의 유의미한 영향을 주나, 팀리더 가치는 안전행동에 부(-)의 유의미한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 안전 동기는 안전 분위기와 안전행동을 부분적으로 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 안전 동기는 경영자가치와 안전행동관계 및 팀원 간 의사소통과 안전행동만을 매개하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 팀리더의 가치는 개별적으로 안전행동에 유의미한 영향을 주지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 객실승무원의 안전행동을 촉진하기 위해서는 경영자 가치와 팀원 간 의사소통이 중요한 요인임을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 항공사 객실 내에서의 인명사고를 방지하거나 최소화하고, 더 나아가 항공사고가 없는 선진항공사로 발돋움하는 근거로서 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

저비용항공사 승무원의 지각된 직무불안전성이 안전동기와 안전행동에 미치는 효과 : 동료와 고객으로부터 오는 무례경험의 조절효과

김민성,이은주,허원무,전재균 한국호텔외식관광경영학회 2019 호텔경영학연구 Vol.28 No.7

The present study examines the effect of flight attendants’ perceived job insecurity on safety behaviors via intrinsic safety motivation. We also identified experienced coworker incivility and customer incivility as boundary conditions that amplified the negative relationship between flight attendants’ perceived job insecurity and intrinsic safety motivation. Furthermore, we also investigated flight attendants’ perceived job insecurity on safety behaviors via intrinsic safety motivation. Drawing on self-determination theory (SDT), affective event theory (AET), and conservation of resources theory (COR), we developed seven research hypotheses. Survey data from 250 flight attendants at a low cost carrier in South Korea were gathered. As predicted, flight attendants’ perceived job insecurity was negatively related to their intrinsic safety motivation. Second, intrinsic safety motivation was also positively related to safety compliance and safety participation. Third, the negative relationship between flight attendants’ perceived job insecurity and safety behaviors was mediated by intrinsic safety motivation. Fourth, experienced customer incivility played a significant moderating role in the negative relationship between flight attendants’ perceived job insecurity and intrinsic safety motivation, such that this relationship was more pronounced when service employees had a high level of experienced customer incivility than when experienced customer incivility was low. Experienced customer incivility further increased this mediation effect of flight attendants’ perceived job insecurity on safety behaviors through intrinsic safety motivation. 본 연구에서는 최근 급성장하고 있는 저비용항공서비스에 종사하고 있는 항공사 승무원의 안전행동에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하고, 안전행동을 저해하는 요인이 무엇이지를 파악하는데 목적이 있다. 가설을 검증하기 위해서 국내의 저비용항공사에 근무하는 승무원을 대상으로 설문조사를 진행하여 자료를 수집했다. 분석결과, 저비용항공사 승무원들이 지각하는 직무불안정성이 내재적 안전 동기를 매개로 두 개의 안전행동(안전준수와 안전참여)에 미치는 부(-)의 매개효과를 검증했다. 다음으로고객과 동료로부터의 무례경험은 직무불안정성이 내재적 안전 동기에 미치는 부정적인 영향을 조절(강화)하는 지를 검증했는데, 그 결과 고객으로부터의 무례경험은 직무불안정성이 내재적 안전 동기부(-)의 효과를 증폭시키는 것으로 나타났으나, 동료로부터의 무례경험의 조절효과는 유의미하지 않았다. 마지막으로, 고객으로부터의 무례경험과 고객으로부터의 무례경험이 “직무불안정성 → 내재적안전 동기 → 안전준수/안전참여”의 부(-)의 매개효과를 조절(강화)하는지를 분석했다. 분석결과, 고객으로부터의 무례경험은 “직무불안정성 → 내재적 안전 동기 → 안전준수”의 부(-)의 매개효과를 강화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 항공기업의 안전관리 분야의 다양한 학술적, 실무적시사점을 제공해 주고 있다.

간호대학생의 환자안전관리 행위에 영향을 미치는 요인

최명숙(Myung Sook Choi) 안전문화포럼 2023 안전문화연구 Vol.- No.25

본 연구의 목적은 간호대학생의 비판적 사고성향과 문제해결과정, 안전 동기와 환자안전관리 지식, 환자안전에 대한 태도, 환자안전 수행자신감과 환자안전관리 행위를 파악하고 그 관계를 확인하는 데 있다. 본 연구는 S시에 있는 대학교에 재학 중인 간호대학생을 대상자로 설문지를 이용하여 자료 수집하였다. 설문지 245부가 배포되어 230부가 회수되었고 불성실한 응답 설문지를 제외하고 221부가 최종 분석에 활용되었다. 자료 분석은 IBM SPSS Statistics Ver 27를 이용하여, t-test와 ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, Multiple regression로 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 비판적 사고성향(점수 범위 1∼5점)점수는 3.79점, 문제해결과정 점수는 3.57점, 환자안전관리 지식(정답률)은 66.6%, 환자안전에 대한 태도 점수는 3.90점, 안전동기는 4.58점, 환자안전 수행자신감은 4.35점, 환자안전관리 행위는 4.57점이었다. 대상자의 일반적 특성과 전공 관련 특성에 따른 환자안전 수행자신감은 성별(t=2.031, p= .044), 실습만족도(F=5.037, p= .007)에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었고, 환자안전관리 행위점수는 실습만족도(F=3.055, p= .049)에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 환자안전관리 행위는 환자안전 수행자신감(r=.690, p=.000), 안전동기(r=.676, p=.000), 환자안전에 대한 태도(r=.399, p=.000), 문제해결과정(r=.314, p=.000), 비판적 사고성향 (r=.337, p=.000)간에 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있었고, 환자안전 수행자신감은 비판적 사고성향, 문제해결과정, 환자안전에 대한 태도, 안전 동기간에 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 안전동기는 비판적 사고성향, 문제해결과정, 환자안전에 대한 태도와 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 환자안전에 대한 태도는 비판적 사고성향, 문제해결과정과 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 비판적 사고성향은 문제해결과정과 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 대상자의 환자안전관리 행위에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하기 위해 다중회귀분석을 실시한 결과 환자안전 수행자신감(ß=0.398, p<.001), 안전동기(ß=0.386, p<.001)가 환자안전관리 행위에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났으며, 설명력은 56.4%였다. 연구결과 환자안전 수행자신감이 높고 안전동기 정도가 높을수록 환자안전관리 행위에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 기초로 환자안전 수행자신감과 안전동기를 향상시키는 온라인교육프로그램이 개발되어 재학 중 모든 간호대학생들이 표준화된 환자안전관리 교육을 받을 수 있는 기초자료로 의미가 있다고 생각한다. 따라서 표준화된 환자 안전관리 온라인교육프로그램 개발을 위한 후속 연구를 제언한다. The objective of this study is to identify the critical thinking Disposition, problem-solving processes, safety motivation, patient safety management knowledge, attitudes towards patient safety, confidence in patient safety performance, and patient safety management behaviors of nursing college students, and to verify their relationships. The study collected data using a questionnaire targeting nursing students enrolled at a university in S city. Out of the 245 questionnaires distributed, 230 were collected, and after excluding insincere responses, 221 were used for the final analysis. The data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics Ver 27, with t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. The results are as follows: The score for critical thinking Disposition (score range 1-5) was 3.79, the score for problem-solving process was 3.57, patient safety management knowledge (correct answer rate) was 66.6%, the score for attitudes towards patient safety was 3.90, safety motivation was 4.58, confidence in patient safety performance was 4.35, and patient safety management behavior was 4.57. There were significant differences in confidence in patient safety performance according to general characteristics of the participants and major-related characteristics such as gender (t=2.031, p= .044), and satisfaction with practice (F=5.037, p= .007). The score for patient safety management behavior showed significant differences according to satisfaction with practice (F=3.055, p= .049). Patient safety management behavior had a significant positive correlation with confidence in patient safety performance (r=.690, p=.000), safety motivation (r=.676, p=.000), attitudes towards patient safety (r=.399, p=.000), problem-solving process (r=.314, p=.000), and critical thinking Disposition (r=.337, p=.000). Confidence in patient safety performance had a significant positive correlation with critical thinking Disposition, problem-solving process, attitudes towards patient safety, and safety motivation. Safety motivation also had a significant positive correlation with critical thinking Disposition, problem-solving process, and attitudes towards patient safety. Attitudes towards patient safety had a significant positive correlation with critical thinking Disposition and problem-solving process. Critical thinking Disposition had a significant positive correlation with problem-solving process. To identify the factors influencing the participants' patient safety management behavior, multiple regression analysis was conducted, and the results showed that confidence in patient safety performance (ß=0.398, p<.001) and safety motivation (ß=0.386, p<.001) were influencing factors, explaining 56.4% of the variance. The results of the study show that higher confidence in patient safety performance and higher levels of safety motivation have a positive impact on patient safety management behavior. This study is meaningful as foundational data for all nursing students to receive standardized patient safety management education, based on the development of an online education program to enhance confidence in patient safety performance and safety motivation. Therefore, it suggests follow-up studies for the development of a standardized online education program for patient safety management.

해양스포츠 참여자의 참여동기와 안전실천행동의 관계에서 안전의식의 조절효과 검증

강동균 한국스포츠학회 2023 한국스포츠학회지 Vol.21 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 해양스포츠 참여자의 참여동기와 안전실천행동의 관계를 규명하고 유의한 경로에서 안전의식의 조절효과를 검증하는 것이다. 연구대상은 해양스포츠 참가자를 모집단으로 설정한 다음, 목적표집법을 이용하여 전체 225명을 대상으로 하였다. 그리고 수집된 자료는 SPSS 21.0을 이용하여 빈도분석, 타당도 및 신뢰도 분석, 상관분석, 회귀분석, 일반선형모형을 적용하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 해양스포츠 참여자의 참여동기와 안전실천행동의 관계에서는 참여동기의 외적동기와 안전실천행동의 안전관리에서 통계적으로 유의한 정적 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 해양스포츠 참여자의 외적동기가 안전관리에 미치는 경로에서 안전의식의 조절효과는 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 해양스포츠 참여자의 안전실천행동을 높이기 위한 참여동기 관점에서 내적동기 참여자들에게는 해양스포츠에 관한 안전교육을 지속적으로 참여시키고 안전실천행동까지 관찰할 필요가 있다. 이에 반해 외적동기 참여자들에게는 안전의식을 강화시키는 노력이 안전실천행동을 강화시킬 수 있다는 결론을 도출하였다. The purpose of this study is to verify the moderating effect of safety consciousness on the relationship between participants' motivations and safety compliance behaviors in the context of marine sports. The study selected marine sports participants as the target population and used purposive sampling to select a total of 225 participants. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software, including frequency analysis, validity and reliability tests, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and general linear models, which yielded the following results. First, in terms of the relationship between participants' motivations for marine sports and their safety compliance behaviors, it was found that extrinsic motivations significantly influence safety management in safety compliance behaviors. Second, in the impact of extrinsic motivations of marine sports participants on safety management, the moderating effect of safety consciousness was statistically significant, indicating that safety consciousness acts as a moderating variable. In conclusion, from the perspective of participant motivations for enhancing safety compliance behaviors among marine sports participants, continuous safety education related to marine sports is necessary for those with intrinsic motivations, in order to observe and enhance safety compliance behaviors. In contrast, for participants with extrinsic motivations, efforts to strengthen safety consciousness alone can enhance safety compliance behaviors. Therefore, safety compliance behaviors among marine sports participants can be influenced by participant motivations. Stakeholders and leaders can proactively assess participants' motivations and provide practical safety education tailored to these motivations, thereby promoting safe participation in marine sports.

Investigating the Impact of Safety Culture on Safety Behavior mediated by safety climate and safety motivation through the Combination of PLS-SEM and NCA

Jung-Hoon Lim,Young-Sik Park,Hyoung-Yong Lee 한국경영정보학회 2023 한국경영정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.11

This study empirically investigated the relationship between workers' safety behaviors and safety culture, safety climate, and safety motivation at the manufacturing industry. It analyzed the role of these factors to identify and analyze factors that strengthen workers' safety behaviors that contribute to preventing major accidents in companies. According to Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency's industrial accident survey data, the accident rate of manufacturing workers is the second highest in the construction industry. When an accident occurs, companies have to bear not only direct costs but also indirect costs such as human loss, material loss, production loss, and time loss, resulting in huge loss costs. Based on the results of previous studies, this study investigated the effects of corporate safety culture on safety behavior through the mediation of safety climate and safety motivation among production and labor workers in the manufacturing industry. Statistical analysis was conducted on 271 manufacturing workers using PLS and NCA, and the results showed that corporate safety culture can lead to workers' safety behavior by influencing safety climate and enhancing workers' safety motivation.

Neal, Griffin, and Hart 안전분위기 모형의 실증적 적용에 관한 연구

안관영 한국산업경영시스템학회 2005 한국산업경영시스템학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.추계

Zohar(1980) began to emphasize the influence of social, organizational or psychological context in occupational safety and health study. With this research trend, Neal, Griffin, and Hart(2000) developed sequential model of safety climate. This paper tried to review their model of relationships among safety climates, safety knowledge, safety motivation, and safety performance(safety compliance and safety participation). Based on the responses from 207 manufacturing workers, this paper reviewed the proposed relationships. The results of statistical analysis showed that leadership has affirmative effects on safety knowledge and motivation, and precaution activities only on safety knowledge, safety system only on safety motivation. And also, safety knowledge and motivation have affirmative effect on safety compliance and participation.

Role of Supervisor Behavioral Integrity for Safety in the Relationship Between Top-Management Safety Climate, Safety Motivation, and Safety Performance

Peker, Mehmet,Dogru, Onur C.,Mese, Gulgun Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2022 Safety and health at work Vol.13 No.2

Background: This study examines whether employee perceptions of supervisor behavioral integrity for safety moderates the relationship between top-management safety climate and safety performance (i.e., safety compliance and safety participation) and the mediated relationships through safety motivation. Methods: Data collected from 389 blue-collar employees were analyzed using latent moderated structural equation modeling. Results: The results indicate that the relationship between top-management safety climate and safety behavior, and the mediating role of safety motivation were replicated. Moreover, the results show that the mediated relationships between top-management safety climate and safety behaviors through safety motivation were stronger for employees who report high supervisor behavioral integrity for safety. Conclusion: The study findings suggest the role of supervisor behavioral integrity for safety in clarifying how the employee perceptions of top-management safety climate transfer to the employee safety behaviors through the motivational pathway.

대학 연구실책임자 안전리더십이 학생의 안전행동에 미치는 영향 : 개인 안전동기의 조절된 매개효과를 중심으로

조한진,이황원,이현주,노영희,Jo, Han Jin,Lee, Hwang Won,Lee, Hyun Ju,Roh, Young Hee 한국안전학회 2022 한국안전학회지 Vol.37 No.2

The purpose of this study is to provide implications for improving the safety behavior of university lab students by grasping the relationship between leaders' safety leadership, the lab's safety climate, and individual safety motivation variables. To this end, a survey was conducted on nationwide university laboratories, and the main results are as follows. First, transformational and transactional safety leadership had a positive effect on safety behavior, while the laissez-faire one had a negative impact.Second, it was found that the laboratory safety climate plays a mediating role in the relationship in which safety leadership affects safety behavior. Third, it was found that individual safety motivation was governed by the laboratory safety climate's effect on safety behavior. Fourth, individual safety motivation was found to control the mediating effect of the laboratory safety climate in the relationship between safety leadership and safety behavior. The conclusion of this study is the following: to strengthen the safety behavior of university laboratory students, the laboratory manager must operate the laboratory with a transformational and transactional safety leadership. Additionally, educational institutions must effectively operate their own safety-day programs to create a safe climate for each laboratory and improve students' safety motives.

도시가스 사업장 근로자에 대한 안전커뮤니케이션, 안전침묵 동기와 침묵행동 사이의 영향관계

김혜진,박달재 한국가스학회 2019 한국가스학회지 Vol.23 No.2

One of the key factors of a safe workplace is to communicate with the workers about safety. For this, natural gas workplace is developing and operating related programs or communication activities. But, if there are silence behavior of the workers on the safety issues in this process, no positive outcomes could be expected for the workplace. The purpose of this study is to examine how safety silence motives, silence behavior, and safety communication influence each other. A total of 233 questionnaires based on the workers of natural gas workplace (in Seoul and Gyeonggi) were analyzed. The confidence analysis is to check consistency of the questions, analysis of the correlations between factors, and regression analysis to verify the hypotheses. As a result, the safety silence motives affected safety communication more seriously than the silence behavior did. Safety communication influenced safety silence motives more significantly than the silence behavior. The safety silence motives can be one of the reasons for safety communication to fail, and it was confirmed that a good safety communication does not necessary mean that there is no safety silence motivation. Based on such results, it is expected that improving and developing the safety communication activities of the workplace, it would improve safety in workplace in general. 안전한 사업장을 만들기 위한 핵심 요소 중 하나는 근로자들이 안전 문제에 대해 활발하게 소통하는 것이다. 이를 위해 도시가스 사업장에서는 관련 프로그램이나 커뮤니케이션 활동 등을 개발 및 운영하는데 노력하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 노력의 과정에서 안전 문제에 근로자들의 침묵행동이 발생할 경우, 사업장 안전관리 향상에 긍정적 변화를 기대하기 어려울 것이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 ○○ 도시가스 사업장(서울 및 경기지역) 근로자 233명을 대상으로 안전침묵 동기, 침묵행동과 안전커뮤니케이션 사이에 영향관계를 조사하고자 관련 설문지를 개발하여 분석하였다. 설문 문항의 일관성을 확인하고자 신뢰도 분석, 각 요인의 영향 변인 간 상관분석 및 가설 검증에 대한 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 안전침묵 동기가 침묵행동보다 안전커뮤니케이션에 그리고 안전커뮤니케이션이침묵행동보다 안전침묵 동기에 높은 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 결과는 안전침묵 동기가 안전커뮤니케이션이 잘 안 되는 이유 중 하나라 해석할 수 있다. 또한, 안전커뮤니케이션이 잘 된다고 하여 안전침묵 동기가 존재하지 않는 것이아니라는 것도 확인되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 사업장의 안전 관련 커뮤니케이션 활동을 개선하고, 개발한다면 사업장 내 안전을 전체적으로 향상시키는 데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

호텔에서의 안전리더십과 직원의 안전행동

장후석(Huseok Chang),박연수(Juanxiu Piao),한주희(Juhee Han) 한국인사관리학회 2022 조직과 인사관리연구 Vol.46 No.4

안전행동은 개인 요인뿐만이 아니라, 조직이나 집단 요인에 의해서도 영향을 받을 가능성이 높다. 그러나 국내에서는 안전행동에 대한 이러한 요인별 영향에 대해 거의 연구가 진행되지 않고 있다. 본연구는 안전동기를 통해 매개되는 안전행동에 대한 집단요인으로서 팀장의 안전리더십과 개인요인으로서 팀원의 안전태도의 영향에 대해 살펴본다. 본 연구는 중국에서 2022년 1월부터 6월까지 5성급호텔을 대상으로 한 95개팀 512개의 설문조사를 통해 이루어졌다. 다수준분석을 위한 위계적 선형모형(HLM)은 안전리더십과 안전태도가 안전동기를 통해 안전행동에 영향을 미치는 메커니즘을 분석하는데 사용된다. 연구결과는 안전리더십과 안전태도가 안전행동을 예측할 수 있음을 나타낸다. 또한 안전동기는 안전리더십과 안전행동과의 관계에서 매개역할을 하였다. 시간차 연구를 진행한 본 연구는, 경영진이 적절한 안전리더십을 구축하고 정기적 모니터링을 통해 리더십의 효과성을 지속 점검해야 하며, 안전태도를 장려하고, 동기 부여를 통해 안전관련 성과를 향상시킬 수 있다는 시사점을 제공한다. Safety behavior is highly likely to be influenced by not only individual level factors, but also organizational or group level factors. However, in Korea, few studies have been conducted to classify each of factors on safety behavior. This study examines the effect of team leader’s safety leadership as a group level factor on safety behavior mediated through safety motivation and team member’s safety attitude as an individual level factor. This study was conducted in China from January to June 2022 with 512 subjects from 95 teams of 5-star hotels. Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) for multi-level analysis is used to analyze the mechanisms by which safety leadership and safety attitudes influence safety behavior through safety motivation. The research results indicate that safety leadership and safety attitude can predict safety behavior. Safety motivation also played a mediating role in the relationship between safety leadership and safety behavior. This study, which conducted the time-lagged study, suggests that management should build appropriate safety leadership, continuously check the effectiveness of leadership through regular monitoring, and improve safety-related performance through encouraging safety attitudes and motivation.