명동 쇼핑관광 수용태세가 서울 도시 관광 이미지와 만족도에 미치는 영향 - 중국관광객을 중심으로 -

장양례 한국호텔관광학회 2016 호텔관광연구 Vol.18 No.4

In this study, we analyzed in detail to the shopping and city sightseeing tour poised to accommodate the image, satisfaction and shopping at Myeong-dong area of Chinese people being made by examining the impact of tourism related preferences, shopping tourism poised to accommodate the specific Myeong-dong shopping attractions. It has the purpose to present the practical implications of strategies and policies needed to identify problems and improvements to the tourist shopping area of Myeong-dong, Seoul, results are as follows. First, Myeong-dong shopping area shopping tourism factor analysis to identify acceptable poised poised to accommodate the tourism dimension had the three main dimensions of the activities of shopping, service employees, product quality, information representation. This is a point that only existing Chinese tourists about products and store cleanliness is not their country in Myeong-dong Myeongdong shopping tourism is good but much more gradually than in China these elements may or may not have any more attractive elements of the Myeong-dong shopping tourism. Second, h1 hypothesis is poised to Myeong-dong shopping and tourist acceptance and regression analysis of the results showed that urban tourism image showing a significant effect relationship. Third, h2 hypotheses city image and tourism and shopping tourism experience regression analysis of the results showed a significant visible effect relationship. Fourth, h3 hypotheses city tourism image and word of mouth / regression analysis of the results showed that returning statement showing the significant effect relationship. Fifth, H4 hypotheses tourist shopping satisfaction and word of mouth / regression analysis of the results showed that returning statement showing the significant effect relationship. Therefore, the Chinese market segment of this study was the basis for understanding the behavior of shopping tourism in the Myeong-dong area of Chinese tourists to good use enough in the field to present the results to the development of active shopping tourism in the Myeong-dong area and the tourism industry a unique attribute would be to reflect well.

CHINESE TOURISTS' SHOPPING TALK ON SNS

Ju Yeun Jang,Yeo Gyu Lee,Ha Kyung Lee,Ho Jung Choo 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2015 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2015 No.06

The influence of tourists on the retail market continues to grow and China is destined to become the largest outbound-spending nation in the world; subsequently, the interest on Chinese tourists has increasingly grown. The advancement in information technology and increased usage of SNS allows Chinese tourists share a variety of information online before or after they embark on to others. Data from the Korea Tourism Organization indicates that, “shopping” is the most searched keyword for Korean tours in 2014. The main shopping item of Chinese tourists is fashion or beauty products and we need a better understanding of the consumption behavior of Chinese tourists in relation to Korean fashion. We should consider shared content by Chinese consumers to promptly respond to needs and concerns. This study researches actual attitude of Chinese consumers toward Korean fashion items and shopping tourism using content analysis based on Chinese SNS. We investigate the representative portal search site Baidu (百度) and Weibo (微博) SNS primarily used by Chinese. Our investigation is limited to posts or comments one month before and after China’s National Day. Our analysis used translations of Chinese into Korean. A total of 70 words were selected based on the mentioned frequency by R Program forthe final analysis. Words were divided into groups based on content analysis similarity and word connectivity was researched using the Net Miner program. A total of 70 words used for the analysis were divided into three groups: shopping item, shopping behavior, and shopping place. The relevance of content to shopping item accounted for 39% and most of the shared information was about where to find cheaper items, various styles, or the latest fashion products. Shopping behavior accounted for 17% and the shared information was about how to compare products before purchase, how to communicate with salespersons, and how to obtain refunds after purchase. Shopping places area dominant group with 43% and half of the words about retail trade. Significant information was available on the main characteristics of retail trade areas such as Dongdaemoon market or Myeongdong. More information was shared on underground shopping centers or general road shops than on traditional shopping places, department stores, or duty free shops. The trends are particularly notable and help in understanding how Chinese tourists are more interested in shopping places where they can have new experiences. This study confirms the shopping behavior of Chinese tourists in Korea using content analysis of Chinese SNS. The shopping trend changes; the average Chinese tourist age drops and the Chinese tourist pattern shifts from large group tours to individualized small group tours. Appropriate responses to Chinese tourists must be based on understanding of their changing shopping needs. This study is useful to understand the actual attitudes and needs of Chinese consumers toward Korean fashion based on shared online content.

관광쇼핑가치 척도개발과 타당화

허희진 ( Hur Hee Jin ),추호정 ( Choo Ho Jung ) 한국소비자학회 2019 소비자학연구 Vol.30 No.2

관광객들의 시간투자와 비용지출 측면에서 쇼핑은 관광에서 중요한 부분을 차지하며, 관광객들은 다양한 쇼핑가치를 지각한다. 관광쇼핑은 일상생활에서의 쇼핑과 다르며, 관광이라는 맥락의 효과로 인해 쇼핑경험으로부터 추구하는 가치도 다르다고 할 수 있다. 많은 선행 연구에서 관광쇼핑객들의 쇼핑가치를 측정하고 있으나, 기존의 일상에서의 쇼핑가치를 수정하여 사용하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 관광맥락에 보다 초점을 맞추어 관광지에서 쇼핑을 하는 여행객들이 지각하는 쇼핑가치를 포괄적으로 포함하는 관광쇼핑가치의 다차원적 요인구조를 확인하고, 이러한 개념들이 반영된 관광쇼핑가치 척도를 개발하고자 하였다. 관광쇼핑, 쇼핑가치 등과 관련한 문헌 고찰을 통해 관광쇼핑가치 척도개발을 위한 이론적 틀을 규명하고 초기문항을 도출하였다. 이후 선행연구에서 간과된 부분과 최근 관광쇼핑 환경변화에 적용하기 위해 질적 연구를 실시하였고 측정문항 내용은 심층면담 내용을 바탕으로 수정 및 보완되었다. 관광쇼핑가치의 신뢰성과 타당성에 대한 통계적 검증을 위하여 총 2회의 온라인 설문조사를 실시하고 분석하였다. 각 과정에서 타당도와 신뢰도를 저해하는 문장을 제거함으로써 문항의 정제 과정을 거쳐 최종 여섯 가지 관광쇼핑가치 척도 24문항을 도출하였다. 관광쇼핑가치는 관광쇼핑에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있는 현시점에서 관광쇼핑객들의 행동을 이해하고 예측하는데 중요한 요소이다. 또한 관광만족도에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요소로서 관광객들이 쇼핑을 통해 진정으로 원하고 중요하게 생각하는 것이 무엇인가를 나타내는 관광쇼핑가치를 측정하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 관광객들이 쇼핑을 통해 추구하는 가치는 일상의 쇼핑환경에서 추구하는 가치와 다를 수 있으며 관광맥락을 반영한 쇼핑가치를 포괄적으로 포함하는 관광쇼핑가치의 개념적 구조를 규명하고, 타당한 측정도구를 제안하기 위해 질적/양적 연구방법을 통하여 신뢰성과 타당성이 확보된 척도를 제안한다는데 의의가 있다. 본 연구에서 개발된 관광쇼핑가치 척도가 관광쇼핑분야에 대한 이해의 폭을 넓히고, 실증연구 수행을 위한 유용한 도구로 사용되기를 기대한다. Shopping is an important part of tourism, and tourists perceive diverse shopping values during their travel. The values pursued through shopping experiences during traveling also differ because of the contextual effect of tourism. The shopping values of tourists were measured in many previous researches, but they were largely modified versions of daily shopping values. Comparatively, by focusing on the tourist context, the present study identifies the multidimensional structure of tourist shopping values as how they are perceived by individuals who shop in tourist destinations, the aim of which is to develop a tourist shopping value scale that reflect such concepts. The study also restructures and conducts literature review and in-depth interviews in accordance with the scale development paradigm of Churchill (1979) and the procedures proposed by Hinkin (1995) and Tian et al. (2001), respectively. The literature on tourist shopping and related values was examined to clarify the theoretical framework for the development of a tourist shopping value scale. On the basis of previous research, shopping values was classified into four categories, namely, functional, emotional, social, and epistemic values. Then, on the basis of the sub-dimensions, the initial questions for the tourist shopping value scale were derived, also by referring to previous research. Frequently asked questions in existing work were selected to measure consumption and shopping values, after which questions consistent with the meanings of values intended for the measurement of the present study were clarified. Subsequently, the initial scale pool with the questions was composed. Qualitative research was thereafter conducted to include items that were neglected in previous research, and those missing items were applied in accordance with recent changes in tourist shopping environments. In-depth interviews with participants regarding their tourist shopping experiences were carried out, and the sub-factors of tourist shopping values were derived by categorizing the collected data through a coding process. Furthermore, the content of the questions used to measure each value was modified by supplementing additional questions on the basis of the in-depth interviews. Two-tiered online surveys were performed to statistically verify the credibility and validity of tourist shopping values. To revise and complement the tourist shopping value scale adopted from literature and derived by qualitative research, a primary survey was conducted. The primary research identified six values, namely, the five previously presented emotional, social, conditional, functional, and epistemic values, and the social values that was sub-divided into two factors. Factors corresponding to consciousness of others’ views were derived from social values, whereas shared values, or the intent to share experiences related to other stories, were derived from other values. The proposed six values drawn from the primary survey were confirmed through a secondary survey. Consequently, 6 tourist shopping values and 24 scales were identified. To evaluate the conceptual validity of the measured questions, the convergent and discriminant validity criteria were reviewed and verified through statistical methods. The result showed that all six tourist shopping values were statistically correlated with the degrees of shopping and tourist satisfaction. A scale of 24 questions was proposed, and the scale was determined reliable and valid based on the multi-dimensional models composed of the six factors of tourist shopping values examined by this study. As the importance of tourist shopping increases and the need for shopping-related research to reflect changes in the tourist environment becomes apparent, a reliable and valid scale using scientific and objective methods should be developed to examine the conceptual structure of tourist shopping values. Consequently, a valid measurement tool is necessitated. Consumers who shop in tourist destinations may pursue values differently from others with the same nationality in ordinary shopping environments. The results of this study may contribute to the recognition of such differences by retailers who can actively reflect on the factors considered by tourist shoppers as important, thereby helping the retailers establish their marketing strategies.

Thai Tourists’ Souvenir Shopping Experience in Korea

Sirin Poraksa,천혜정 한국마케팅학회 2013 ASIA MARKETING JOURNAL Vol.15 No.3

Shopping is considered a ‘must-do’ activity for most people on travel. One of the major parts of tourist shopping is the purchasing of souvenirs. Souvenirs are universally associated with tourism as a commercially produced and purchased object to remind the purchaser of the experience. Recently, Korea becomes one of the most popular destinations that many Asian tourists like to visit. Among those Asian tourists, the number of Thai tourists bound for Korea shows an incredible rapid growth. Thai people pick Korea and Seoul as their favorite country and city to visit for three consecutive years since 2009. One of the major reasons why Thais are choosing to tour Korea is the enthusiasm for Korean pop culture. That is, ‘Hallyu’ has influenced Thais’ decision to visit Korea and purchase Korean products. The primary objective of the current research is to explore the shopping experiences of Thai tourists, specifically their souvenir shopping. It adopts a reflexive interpretive approach to bring light to the various meanings Thai tourists attach to the souvenirs they purchase in Korea. In order to accomplish the objective, the individual interviews were conducted. A total of 12 Thais who have experienced traveling in Korea participated in the study. Four themes were identified through interview text analysis. First, the research participants almost always purchase souvenirs in Korea because the souvenirs represent their identities as tourists. Especially, they purchase the souvenirs as gifts for others, including family members, friends, and colleagues. The souvenirs as gifts show love and thanks to others, and they cement the social relationship. However, purchasing souvenirs for others is more like the moral obligations which evoke the psychological stress. Secondly, the research participants feel closer to Korea while shopping souvenirs around. Thirdly, they obtain imaginative experiences and pleasure through souvenirs related to the Korean pop culture. Souvenirs provide them to visually extraordinary experiences. Lastly, souvenirs purchased in Korea act as visible status marker when they go back to Thailand. They show the socioeconomic status and lifestyles. Tourists themselves and others place special value to souvenirs that were purchased out of Thailand. The findings of this study are of both academic and practical importance. Souvenirs are among the most pervasive elements of the travel experience. However, souvenir shopping is the complicated consumer behavior within tourism both from business and social science perspectives. Along the same line, it needs strategic approaches in order to maximize the economy effects. It concludes by suggesting how further research could offer unique insights into how the souvenirs are positioned both in the context of tourism academics and industry.

Making a Case for Adaptive Reuse as a Strategy to Revitalize and Generate Urban

Hamid Nakhaie,Amin heydari nejad,Asma Esmail Zadeh 세계문화관광학회 2010 Conference Proceedings Vol.11 No.0

Shopping is one of the unavoidable characteristics of consumer society, and not only considered as an economic activity but also as a social and cultural one. It is probable that the goal of a tourist is to visit a shopping place not to buy; but he/she may buy something's during visit this essay attempts to offer some definitions of shopping places, management of shopping places and tourism. The effect of management of shopping places on tourism is also given; unfortunately this effect is not considered so much.

크루즈 관광객의 행태 및 파급효과 추정에 관한 연구 -기항지별 쇼핑지출 금액에 따른 파급효과 추정을 중심으로-

노선희 ( Sun Hee Rho ),권태일 ( Tae Il Kwon ) 한국호텔리조트학회(구 한국호텔리조트카지노산학학회) 2014 호텔리조트연구 Vol.13 No.1

Korea has the best geography for cruise tourism. In these days, the future possibilities of revitalization for cruise tourism are very high because of the high Chinese demands for cruise tourism. Therefore, it is very important to figure out how much economic ripple effects will be made out of the relevant pots of call. In this study, we would like to estimate ripple effects on a regional economy according to the continuous increase in the number of port entry of cruise ships and the tourists. In addition, we would like to suggest the ways of regional development in cruise tourism. In order to investigate the behavior and the propensity to consume of the cruise tourists, the reports of 2012 Foreign cruise visitor survey has been utilized. In this study, a regional ripple effect of the cruise tourism is estimated based on the shopping expense of ports of call. Through this comparison of expense of ports of call, we will make use of this as marketing tools for revitalization of the shopping tourism. According to the findings in shopping expense of tourists by nationality(China,$998 & Japan, $399), China is a country has a big money power. Therefore we need to arrange the strategic plan for sustainable inducement of chinse tourists and revitalized spending.

도시관광요소가 방문객 만족도에 미치는 영향: 혼잡도의 매개효과를 중심으로

이성빈,정형우,이종현 (사)한국관광레저학회 2019 관광레저연구 Vol.31 No.8

A city is a central place of citizen’s activity and has many kinds of attraction which can attract many people. Especially, shopping is one of the most important and attractive activities of urban tourism. So this study aims to know urban tourism factors which are derived from visitors of the multi-complex shopping mall and mediating effect of crowdedness between urban tourism factors and satisfaction of visitors. For achieving the purpose of this study, data was collected from the 800 visitors of Starfield Mall, COEX on a weekday and a weekend day(June 30, July 3). The results were as follows: First, Urban tourism factor(Convenience of facility) had a significant influence on Crowdedness. Second, Urban tourism factor(Cleanliness and Safety, Convenience of facility and tour attraction) had a significant influence on Satisfaction. Third, Crowdedness had a significant influence on Satisfaction. Lastly, Crowdedness carried out partial mediating effect between Urban tourism factor(Convenience of facility) and Satisfaction. Based on those results, this study not only can suggest the way to activate urban tourism, but also make it possible to know which urban tourism factors have influence on satisfactio

인 바운드 중국인의 쇼핑관광경험에 관한 탐색 연구 - 한국관광에서 쇼핑은 계획적인가? 충동적인가? -

손해경 한국관광학회 2011 관광학연구 Vol.35 No.4

Chinese market is one of the two biggest inbound tourism markets and the fastest growing market in Korea. Moreover, recent market research of KTO showed that Chinese tourists tended to spend more money for shopping than Japanese tourists(i.e., the other biggest market) did in 2009. Using a qualitative research method, this study explored shopping experiences of inbound  Chinese tourists in Korea. Particularly, it investigated whether their shopping were more likely to be planned or impulsive. Data were collected from in-depths interviews with 11 Chinese women FIT tourists and two Korean sales women from December 2010 to January 2011. Participant observations were also conducted for a better understanding of Chinese inbound shopping behavior in Korea. Results showed that Chinese inbound tourists were most likely to do planned shopping, while they occasionally tended to do unplanned shopping. However, they rarely did impulse shopping. The findings were discussed in the context of establishing shopping tourism strategies for Chinese inbound tourist market in Korea. 본 연구는 인 바운드 중국인의 쇼핑경험에 관한 탐색적 연구다. 구체적으로 중국인 관광객의 쇼핑형태를 탐색하였다. 쇼핑형태는 계획구매와 충동구매로 구분하여 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 먼저 쇼핑관광 및 중국에 대한 문헌연구를 하였고, 중국인 관광객 유치를 위한 노력과 쇼핑관광 지원 정책을 살펴보았다. 연구방법으로는 심층면접과 참여관찰을 병행 하였다. 연구대상자는 서울시내 소재 호텔 면세점에서 쇼핑을 한 중국인 관광객이다. 이들 중 FIT 관광객이면서 20-30대 여성 관광객인 11명과 판매사원 2명을 대상으로 하였다. 기간은 2010. 12. 11 - 2010. 12. 15일까지, 2011. 01. 06 - 2011. 01. 10일까지 총 10일 간 진행되었다. 연구의 결과, 인 바운드 중국인은 대부분 실용적 쇼핑 가치에 중심을 둔 계획적인 구매를 하는 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로는 충동구매 중 회상충동구매에 속하는 비 계획 구매를 하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 충동구매 행위는 거의 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구는 쇼핑관광의 후속 연구를 위한 기초연구라고 할 수 있다. 분석결과는 중국인 관광객의 쇼핑행동 이해 및 쇼핑관광 전략 수립에 도움을 줄 수 있는 맥락에서 논의 하였다.

코리아 그랜드세일 정책의 효과성 분석: 2013~2015 외래관광객 실태조사를 활용

오영미,신홍철 한국호텔관광학회 2016 호텔관광연구 Vol.18 No.6

The Korea Grand Sales is shopping tourism festival during the low season aiming to increase the number of FIT. The Korea Grand Sales is held by the Koran government and private companies. The aim of this paper is to empirically analyze the effectiveness of the Korea Grand Sale tourism policy supported by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. We employ a representative micro-level data of Foreign Tourists Survey from 2013 to 2015 for the empirical study. The Korea Grand Sale is designed to provide a variety of shopping promotions for inbound tourists visiting in Jan ~ Feb annually. It is the main purpose of this policy to attract inbound tourists in low season, to increase per capita overall and shopping expenses and moreover to motivate their revisits in the near future. As an instrument for policy evaluation, yearly linear regression approach is adopted and we focus on per capita expenditure difference of foreign tourists between sale-period and non-sale-period. In summary, three empirical results are found. First, despite the Korea Grand Sale, still low-season per capita spending is less than high-season(Mar~Dec). Second, the gap of tourist spending between sale- and non-sale periods is gradually reduced due to the Korean Grand Sale promotion and actively participating shops and companies. Third, when we limit our discussion to shopping expenses, the difference in 2015 becomes even statistically insignificant as well as the gap between sale- and non-sale periods is steadily shrinking over last three years. Empirical evidence shows that the Korea Grand Sale is contributing to achieve the policy goals of increasing tourism revenue and revitalize the domestic economy.

중국인 관광객의 한국 화장품 구매행태와 뷰티관광 참여에 대한 연구

김은수 ( Eunsoo Kim ),정민수 ( Minsoo Jung ) 한국미용학회 2015 한국미용학회지 Vol.21 No.5

The Korean Wave (Hallyu) of Chinese tourists who visited South Korea in 2013 amounted to one-third of the total foreign tourists. The Chinese tourists mostly purchased cosmetics. This study investigated the shopping patterns of Chinese tourists with a focus on South Korean cosmetics and the factors that affect the desire to participate in the beauty tourism. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with Chinese female tourists (n = 713) aged twenty or above who visited South Korea during the Chinese lunar new year in February 2015. Factor analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the study the influential factors of Korean beauty tourism. According to the results, the respondents` desire to repurchase items increased 3.26 times as the cosmetics benefits and preference for South Korean cosmetics increased. The wish to participate in beauty tourism also increased 1.24 times as a favorable impression of South Korean culture increased. Third, the desire to repurchase South Korean cosmetics increased 3.68 times and the desire to participate in beauty tourism increased 2.04 times as participation in general tourist products increased. Strengthening the benefits obtained from buying cosmetics and the preference factors are thus necessary to raise Chinese tourists` rates of repurchasing South Korean cosmetics. Chinese tourists` favorable impression of South Korea through the Korean Wave is also necessary to manage. In addition, diverse tourist products must be created and memories of these trips must be marketed to elevate the image of Korean beauty (K-beauty) and to energize the cosmetics industry.