Effects of corn particle size on nutrient utilization in pigs evaluated under optimal and heat stress conditions

Yun, Won,Song, Min Ho,Lee, Ji Hwan,Lee, Chang Hee,Oh, Seo Young,Kwak, Woo Gi,Kim, Doo Wan,Kim, Hyeun Bum,Cho, Jin Ho Springer Netherlands 2019 Tropical animal health and production Vol.51 No.2

<P>The effects of corn particle size on nutrient digestibility and energy utilization in pigs were determined under optimal (experiment 1, 25 ± 1 °C) or heat stress (experiment 2, 37 ± 1 °C) conditions. In Exp. 1 and 2, five experimental diets were tested using a 5 × 5 Latin square design involving five barrows (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc, average initial body weight of 30 ± 1 kg and 45.0 ± 1.8 kg, respectively, in individual metabolic cages). Dietary treatments were as follows: 200-, 300-, 400-, 600-, 800-μm corn particle sizes obtained by mesh screens. Under optimal thermal conditions, digestibility of dry matter (DM) and crude fiber (CF) from 200-μm diet was higher (<I>P</I> < 0.05) compared to that from the 300-μm and 400-μm diets. The digestibility of crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) was the highest (<I>P</I> < 0.05) at the 200-μm particle size. The apparent total tract digestibility of energy was significantly higher (<I>P</I> < 0.05) on the 200-μm diet. Under heat stress, digestibility of CF when corn was ground to 600 μm was higher (<I>P</I> < 0.05) compared to 300 and 400 μm. Digestibility of NDF and ADF was the highest (<I>P</I> < 0.05) at 600-μm corn particle size. In conclusion, grinding corn to 200-μm corn particles had a positive effect on DM, CP, EE, and CF under optimal thermal condition, while the 600-μm corn particle size had positive effects on digestibility of CF, NDF, and ADF than 200-μm corn particle size under heat stress.</P>

Assessment of three dimensional quantitative coronary analysis by using rotational angiography for measurement of vessel length and diameter

Lee, Jin Bae,Chang, Sung Gug,Kim, So Yeon,Lee, Young Soo,Ryu, Jae Kean,Choi, Ji Yong,Kim, Kee Sik,Park, Jae Sik Springer Netherlands 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING Vol.28 No.7

<P>The aim of the study was to assess the accuracy of the three-dimensional (3D) quantitative coronary analysis (QCA) system by comparing with that of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) QCA and two-dimensional (2D) QCA. 3D QCA, 2D QCA and IVUS QCA were performed in 45 vessel segments. The obtained values for the branch to branch segment vessel length and the proximal part of the segment vessel’s lumen diameter were measured. Inter-technique agreement was analyzed using paired sample <I>t</I>-test and Bland–Altman analysis. No differences were found in vessel lengths taken by 3D QCA and IVUS QCA (mean difference: 0.29 ± 1.06 mm, <I>P</I> = 0.07). When compared with IVUS QCA, 2D QCA underestimated vessel length (mean difference: −1.78 ± 2.55, <I>P</I> < 0.001). Bland–Altman analysis showed close agreement and a small bias between 3D QCA and IVUS QCA in the measurement of vessel length. The vessel lumen diameter measurements by 2D QCA and 3D QCA were significantly lower than that by IVUS QCA (mean difference: −0.64 ± 0.69, <I>P</I> < 0.001; −0.56 ± 0.52, <I>P</I> < 0.001 respectively). Rotational angiography with 3D reconstruction can provide a more accurate vessel length measurement, whereas 2D and 3D QCA underestimated the vessel lumen diameter compared with IVUS QCA.</P>

Removal and Recovery of Cr(VI) from Industrial Plating Wastewater Using Fibrous Anion Exchanger

Lee, Chang-Gu,Park, Jeong-Ann,Choi, Jae-Woo,Ko, Seok-Oh,Lee, Sang-Hyup Springer Netherlands 2016 Water, Air and Soil Pollution Vol.227 No.8

<P>The aim of this study was to investigate the removal and recovery of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from industrial plating wastewater using anion exchanger Kanecaron SA fibers in batch systems. The surface morphology and physicochemical properties of the fiber were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The removal efficiency was affected by the solution pH and showed a plateau formation decreasing on both sides of pH 4. The Cr(VI) uptake on Kanecaron SA fibers was rapidly increased in the first 10 min, and the kinetic data fit well to the Elovich model. Isotherm model analysis demonstrates that the Redlich-Peterson model suitably describes the equilibrium data, and the maximum adsorption capacity (Q(m)) from the Langmuir model was 87.366 mg/g for Cr(VI) in distilled water, 117.977 mg/g for total Cr, and 57.101 mg/g for Cr(VI) in wastewater. Additionally, the Cr(III) contained in the plating wastewater was removed by the Kanecaron SA fibers, while the other heavy metals were not removed. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that Cr(VI) adsorption to Kanecaron SA fibers decreased with increasing temperature from 10 to 50 degrees C, indicating the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the sorption process. The removal efficiency was maintained above 80 % during four regeneration cycles.</P>

The Mothers and Children’s Environmental Health (MOCEH) study

Kim, Byung-Mi,Ha, Mina,Park, Hye-Sook,Lee, Bo Eun,Kim, Young Ju,Hong, Yun-Chul,Kim, Yangho,Chang, Namsoo,Roh, Young-Man,Kim, Boong-Nnyun,Oh, Se-young,Ha, Eun-Hee Springer Netherlands 2009 European journal of epidemiology Vol.24 No.9

<P>The MOCEH study is a prospective hospital- and community-based cohort study designed to collect information related to environmental exposures (chemical, biological, nutritional, physical, and psychosocial) during pregnancy and childhood and to examine how exposure to environmental pollutants affects growth, development, and disease. The MOCEH network includes one coordinating center, four local centers responsible for recruiting pregnant women, and four evaluation centers (a nutrition center, bio-repository center, neurocognitive development center, and environment assessment center). At the local centers, trained nurses interview the participants to gather information regarding their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, complications related to the current gestation period, health behaviors and environmental factors. These centers also collect samples of blood, placenta, urine, and breast milk. Environmental hygienists measure each participant’s level of exposure to indoor and outdoor pollutants during the pre- and postnatal periods. The participants are followed up through delivery and until the child is 5 years of age. The MOCEH study plans to recruit 1,500 pregnant women between 2006 and 2010 and to perform follow-up studies on their children. We expect this study to provide evidence to support the hypothesis that the gestational environment has an effect on the development of diseases during adulthood. We also expect the study results to enable evaluation of latency and age-specific susceptibility to exposure to hazardous environmental pollutants, evaluation of growth retardation focused on environmental and genetic risk factors, selection of target environmental diseases in children, development of an environmental health index, and establishment of a national policy for improving the health of pregnant women and their children.</P>

Over-expression of the <i>IGI1</i> leading to altered shoot-branching development related to MAX pathway in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Hwang, Indeok,Kim, Soo Young,Kim, Cheol Soo,Park, Yoonkyung,Tripathi, Giri Raj,Kim, Seong-Ki,Cheong, Hyeonsook Springer Netherlands 2010 Plant Molecular Biology Vol.73 No.6

<P>Shoot branching and growth are controlled by phytohormones such as auxin and other components in <I>Arabidopsis</I>. We identified a mutant (<I>igi1</I>) showing decreased height and bunchy branching patterns. The phenotypes reverted to the wild type in response to RNA interference with the <I>IGI1</I> gene. Histochemical analysis by GUS assay revealed tissue-specific gene expression in the anther and showed that the expression levels of the <I>IGI1</I> gene in apical parts, including flowers, were higher than in other parts of the plants. The auxin biosynthesis component gene, <I>CYP79B2</I>, was up-regulated in <I>igi1</I> mutants and the <I>IGI1</I> gene was down-regulated by IAA treatment. These results indicated that there is an interplay regulation between IGI1 and phytohormone auxin. Moreover, the expression of the auxin-related shoot branching regulation genes, <I>MAX3</I> and <I>MAX4</I>, was down-regulated in <I>igi1</I> mutants. Taken together, these results indicate that the overexpression of the <I>IGI1</I> influenced MAX pathway in the shoot branching regulation.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11103-010-9645-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>

The solar eclipse and associated atmospheric variations observed in South Korea on 22 July 2009

Chung, Yong Seung,Kim, Hak Sung,Choo, Seung Ho Springer Netherlands 2010 AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH Vol.3 No.3

<P>A partial solar eclipse occurred in South Korea on 22 July 2009. It started at 09:30 a.m. and lasted until 12:14 LST with coverage of between 76.8% and 93.1% of the sun. The observed atmospheric effects of the eclipse are presented. It was found that from the onset of the eclipse, solar radiation was reduced by as much as 88.1 ∼ 89.9% at the present research centre. Also, during the eclipse, air temperature decreased slightly or remained almost unchanged. After the eclipse, however, it rose by 2.5 to 4.5°C at observed stations. Meanwhile, relative humidity increased and wind speeds were lowered by the eclipse. Ground-level ozone was observed to decrease during the event.</P>

Optimization of ex vivo hematopoietic stem cell expansion in intermittent dynamic cultures

Choi, Yong-Soo,Noh, Sang-Eun,Lim, Sang-Min,Kim, Dong-il Springer Netherlands 2010 Biotechnology letters Vol.32 No.12

<P>For the ex vivo expansion of CD34<SUP>+</SUP> cells, culture conditions were optimized using cytokine cocktails and media change methods. In addition, static, orbital-shake, and stirred cultures were compared. After cultivation, total cell expansion, immunophenotypes, clonogenic ability, and metabolite concentration in media were analyzed. Optimized media change methods enhanced the number of total nucleated cells (TNCs) by 600-fold (from 10<SUP>4</SUP> to 6 × 10<SUP>6</SUP> cells) in static cultures. Furthermore, intermittent orbital-shake cultures gave the highest fold increase of TNCs and CD34<SUP>+</SUP>/CD38<SUP>−</SUP> cells. These results imply that proliferation of CD34<SUP>+</SUP> cells in intermittent shake cultures was more efficient than that in static cultures under optimized culture conditions.</P>

Flow cytometric fluorescence pulse width analysis of etoposide-induced nuclear enlargement in HCT116 cells

Kang, Kyungsu,Lee, Saet Byoul,Yoo, Ji-Hye,Nho, Chu Won Springer Netherlands 2010 Biotechnology letters Vol.32 No.8

<P>Fluorescence pulse width can provide size information on the fluorescence-emitting particle, such as the nuclei of propidium iodide-stained cells. To analyze nuclear size in the present study, rather than perform the simple doublet discrimination approach usually employed in flow cytometric DNA content analyses, we assessed the pulse width of the propidium iodide fluorescence signal. The anti-cancer drug etoposide is reportedly cytostatic, can induce a strong G2/M arrest, and results in nuclear enlargement. Based on these characteristics, we used etoposide-treated HCT116 cells as our experimental model system. The fluorescence pulse widths (FL2-W) of etoposide-treated (10 μM, 48 h) cells were distributed at higher positions than those of vehicle control, so the peak FL2-W value of etoposide-treated cells appeared at 400 while those of vehicle control cells appeared at 200 and 270. These results were consistent with our microscopic observations. This etoposide-induced increase in FL2-W was more apparent in G2/M phase than other cell cycle phases, suggesting that etoposide-induced nuclear enlargement preferentially occurred in G2/M phase cells rather than in G0/G1 or S phase cells.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10529-010-0277-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>

Isolation and characterization of <i>NgRLK1</i> , a receptor-like kinase of <i>Nicotiana glutinosa</i> that interacts with the elicitin of <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>

Kim, Yeong-Tae,Oh, Jonghee,Kim, Kyung-Hwan,Uhm, Jae-Youl,Lee, Byoung-Moo Springer Netherlands 2010 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS Vol.37 No.2

<P>Elicitins, extracellular proteins from <I>Phytophthora</I> fungi, elicit a hypersensitivity response (HR), including systemic acquired resistance, in some plants. The elicitin capsicein (~10 kDa) was purified by FPLC from culture filtrates of <I>P. capsici</I>. Purified native and recombinant capsicein induced a hypersensitive response in leaves of the non-host plants <I>Nicotiana glutinosa</I> and <I>Brassica rapa</I> subsp. <I>pekinensis</I>. To search for candidate capsicein-interacting proteins from <I>N. glutinosa</I>, a yeast two-hybrid assay was used. We identified a protein interactor that is homologous to a serine/threonine kinase of the plant receptor-like kinase (RLK) group and designated it <I>NgRLK1</I>. The ORF of <I>NgRLK1</I> encodes a polypeptide of 832 amino acids (93,490 Da). A conserved domain analysis revealed that NgRLK1 has structural features typical of a plant RLK. NgRLK1 was autophosphorylated, with higher activity in the presence of Mn<SUP>2+</SUP> than Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>.</P>

Overexpression of a high-affinity phosphate transporter gene from tobacco (NtPT1) enhances phosphate uptake and accumulation in transgenic rice plants

Park, Myoung Ryoul,Baek, So-Hyeon,de los Reyes, Benildo G.,Yun, Song Joong Springer Netherlands 2007 Plant and soil Vol.292 No.1