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Kumar, Prasun,Singh, Mamtesh,Mehariya, Sanjeet,Patel, Sanjay K S,Lee, Jung-Kul,Kalia, Vipin C Association of Microbiologists of India 2014 Indian journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.2
<P>Ecobiotechnological approach is an attractive and economical strategy to enrich beneficial microbes on waste biomass for production of Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). Here, six strains of Bacillus spp. were used to produce co-polymers of PHA from pea-shells. Of the 57 mixed bacterial cultures (BCs) screened, two of the BCs, designated as 5BC1 and 5BC2, each containing 5 strains could produce PHA co-polymer at the rate of 505-560?mg/l from feed consisting of pea-shell slurry (PSS, 2?% total solids) and 1?% glucose (w/v). Co-polymer production was enhanced from 65-560?mg/l on untreated PSS to 1,610-1,645?mg/l from PSS treated with defined hydrolytic bacteria and 1?% glucose. Supplementation of the PSS hydrolysate with sodium propionate enabled 5BC1 to produce co-polymer P(3HB-co-3HV) with a 3HV content up to 13?% and a concomitant 1.46-fold enhancement in PHA yield. Using the principles of ecobiotechnology, this is the first demonstration of PHA co-polymer production by defined co-cultures of Bacillus from biowaste as feed under non-axenic conditions.</P>
Velmurugan, Palanivel,Iydroose, Mahudunan,Lee, Sang-Myung,Cho, Min,Park, Jung-Hee,Balachandar, Vellingiri,Oh, Byung-Taek Association of Microbiologists of India 2014 Indian journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.2
<P>This study reveals a green process for the production of multi-morphological silver (Ag NPs) and gold (Au NPs) nanoparticles, synthesized using an agro-industrial residue cashew nut shell liquid. Aqueous solutions of Ag(+) ions for silver and chloroaurate ions for gold were treated with cashew nut shell extract for the formation of Ag and Au NPs. The nano metallic dispersions were characterized by measuring the surface plasmon absorbance at 440 and 546?nm for Ag and Au NPs. Transmission electron microscopy showed the formation of nanoparticles in the range of 5-20?nm for silver and gold with assorted morphologies such as round, triangular, spherical and irregular. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses of the freeze-dried powder confirmed the formation of metallic Ag and Au NPs in crystalline form. Further analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy provided evidence for the presence of various biomolecules, which might be responsible for the reduction of silver and gold ions. The obtained Ag and Au NPs had significant antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration on bacteria associated with fish diseases.</P>
Palaniyandi, S. A.,Damodharan, K.,Suh, J. W.,Yang, S. H. Association of Microbiologists of India 2017 Indian journal of microbiology Vol.57 No.2
<P>The present study evaluates the probiotic properties of three Lactobacillus plantarum strains MJM60319, MJM60298, and MJM60399 possessing antimicrobial activity against animal enteric pathogens. The three strains did not show bioamine production, mucinolytic and hemolytic activity and were susceptible to common antibiotics. The L. plantarum strains survived well in the simulated orogastrointestinal transit condition and showed adherence to Caco-2 cells in vitro. The L. plantarum strains showed strong antimicrobial activity against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, Choleraesuis and Gallinarum compared to the commercial probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. The mechanism of antimicrobial activity of the L. plantarum strains appeared to be by the production of lactic acid. Furthermore, the L. plantarum strains tolerated freeze-drying and maintained higher viability in the presence of cryoprotectants than without cryoprotectants. Finally, the three L. plantarum strains tolerated NaCl up to 8% and maintained > 60% growth. These characteristics of the three L. plantarum strains indicate that they could be applied as animal probiotic after appropriate in vivo studies.</P>
Co-digestion of Biowastes to Enhance Biological Hydrogen Process by Defined Mixed Bacterial Cultures
Patel, Sanjay K. S.,Ray, Subhasree,Prakash, Jyotsana,Wee, Ji Hyang,Kim, Sang-Yong,Lee, Jung-Kul,Kalia, Vipin Chandra Association of Microbiologists of India 2019 Indian journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.2
Dark-Fermentative Biological Hydrogen Production from Mixed Biowastes Using Defined Mixed Cultures
Patel, S. K.,Lee, J. K.,Kalia, V. C. Association of Microbiologists of India 2017 Indian journal of microbiology Vol.57 No.2
<P>Biological hydrogen (H-2) production from the biowastes is widely recognized as a suitable alternative approach to utilize low cost feed instead of costly individual sugars. In the present investigation, pure and mixed biowastes were fermented by defined sets of mixed cultures for hydrolysis and H-2 production. Under batch conditions, up to 65, 67 and 70 L H-2/kg total solids (2%, TS) were evolved from apple pomace (AP), onion peels (OP) and potato peels (PP) using a combination of hydrolytic mixed culture (MHC5) and mixed microbial cultures (MMC4 or MMC6), respectively. Among the different combinations of mixed biowastes including AP, OP, PP and pea-shells, the combination of OP and PP exhibited maximum H-2 production of 73 and 84 L/kg TS with MMC4 and MMC6, respectively. This study suggested that H-2 production can be effectively regulated by using defined sets of mixed cultures for hydrolysis and H-2 production from pure and mixed biowastes as feed even under unsterile conditions.</P>
Choi, Ki Young,Kang, Beom Sik,Nam, Myung Hee,Sul, Woo Jun,Kim, Eungbin Association of Microbiologists of India 2015 Indian journal of microbiology Vol.55 No.3
<P>A putative gene for a transcriptional regulator (ophR) was detected near each copy of the duplicated phthalate-degrading operon of Rhodococcus sp. DK17. Sequence analysis and molecular modeling indicate that OphR belongs to the IclR family of transcriptional regulators and possesses the N-terminal DNA-binding and C-terminal effector-binding domains. DNA-binding assays demonstrate that OphR regulates the phthalate operon by binding to the ophA1-ophR intergenic region.</P>
Park, Jae-Man,Radhakrishnan, Ramalingam,Kang, Sang-Mo,Lee, In-Jung Association of Microbiologists of India 2015 Indian journal of microbiology Vol.55 No.2
<P>Development of bio-herbicides is an emerging method to weed management in agricultural field. Very few studies were conducted on identification of microbial bio-herbicides to weed control. The present study was aimed to isolate and identify the effective bio-herbicide potential bacterium from soil and assess their role on plant growth inhibition. Three-hundred and one rhizobacteria were isolated from agriculture field soil samples collected from various parts of Republic of Korea. Two bacterial strains, I-4-5 and I-3 were significantly reduced the seedling growth of radish when compared to their controls. The highest rate of seedling growth inhibition was observed in I-3 bacterial isolate treatment in lettuce and radish. The mechanism of an effective bio-herbicide I-3 to plant growth inhibition was determined by analyzing IAA in their culture medium. IAA biosynthesis pathway of Enterobacter sp. I-3 was identified as tryptophan-dependent pathway and its production was increased due to addition of tryptophan in culture medium as quantified by using GC-MS SIM. In an in vitro study revealed that I-3 bacterial culture exudate combined with tryptophan significantly decreased leaf length, leaf width, root length and increased the number of lateral roots of lettuce. Indeed, the genomic DNA of I-3 bacterium was isolated and 16S rDNA was sequenced to find out the name of the bacterium. Based on phylogenetic analysis, I-3 isolate was identified and named into Enterobacter sp. I-3. The results of this study suggest that the utilization of Enterobacter sp. I-3 to crop field can be act as a potential bio-herbicide against weed growth.</P>