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Kong, Moonkyoo,Lim, Yu Jin,Kim, Youngkyong Asian Pacific Education Press Ltd. 2018 ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION Vol.19 No.6
<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>We conducted this study to contribute to resolving some controversial issues on management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>Thirty-two patients with stage III-IVB nasopharyngeal carcinoma were included in this retrospective study. All patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy with either 3D conformal radiotherapy or intensity-modulated radiotherapy. We retrospectively analyzed the survival outcome, prognostic factors for survival, and toxicity outcome.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>The 2- and 5-year overall survival rates were 89.9% and 82.6%. The 2- and 5-year distant metastasis-free survival rates were 83.2% and 79.4%. The 2- and 5-year loco-regional recurrence-free survival rates were 83.3% and 79.5%. Addition of induction chemotherapy to concurrent chemoradiotherapy did not improve survival outcomes. The survival benefit of intensity-modulated radiotherapy over 3D conformal radiotherapy was not clear. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy significantly decreased the development of late toxicities compared with 3D conformal radiotherapy. Total RT dose was prognostic factor for overall, loco-regional recurrence-free, and distant metastasis-free survival. Temporary RT interruption was prognostic factor for overall survival. Daily RT dose was prognostic factor for distant metastasis-free survival.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B></P><P>Concurrent chemoradiotherapy resulted in high survival rates with an acceptable level of toxicities in patients with loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. To confirm the results of this study, well-designed randomized prospective trials are warranted.</P>
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Koreans’ Awareness and Preventive Behaviors Regarding Colorectal Cancer Screening
Asian Pacific Education Press Ltd. 2018 ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION Vol.19 No.9
<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Koreans in the Republic of Korea had high incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC), late stage of CRC diagnosis, and low CRC screening. The purpose of this study was to gain a more thorough understanding of CRC awareness, preventive behaviors, and preferred strategies to improve CRC screening behaviors among Koreans.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>Individual interviews with 33 Koreans aged 50 and older were conducted using semi-structured, open-ended questions. All interview data were recorded and analyzed using direct content analysis.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>To prevent CRC, all participants focused on primary prevention including healthy lifestyle more than secondary prevention such as screening. Motivators of CRC screening were (a) symptoms, (b) being scared by acquaintances with CRC, (c) being healthy for the family, (d) others’ recommendations, and (f) annual fecal occult blood test (FOBT) in the National Cancer Screening Program. Barriers to CRC screening were (a) no symptom, (b) discomfort on test procedure, (c) lack of knowledge, (d) low perceived risk of developing CRC, (e) mistrust in CRC screening tests or health care providers, (f) fear of CRC diagnosis, (g) embarrassment, and (h) colonoscopy was a follow-up test in the National Cancer Screening Program. Participants suggested preferred strategies using various information delivery methods.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B></P><P>This study suggests that we should provide accurate knowledge, emphasize importance of secondary prevention, enhance motivators and decrease barriers, and use multilevel approach incorporating preferred strategies to improve CRC screening behaviors among Koreans.</P>
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Choi, Yoon Jin,Lee, Dong Ho,Han, Kyung Do,Yoon, Hyuk,Shin, Cheol Min,Park, Young Soo,Kim, Nayoung Asian Pacific Education Press Ltd. 2017 ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION Vol.18 No.7
<P><B>Objective:</B></P><P>In Korea, 95% of esophageal cancer (EC) was the squamous cell-type. We sought to determine the combined risk of alcohol consumption on developing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in pre-diagnostic underweight subjects using Korean national data.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>We analyzed the clinical data from a total of 264,084 individuals aged 40 years or older, who received healthcare checkups arranged by the national insurance program, between 2003 and 2008 in Korea. Cox proportional hazards regression was used after adjusting confounding factors.</P><P><B>Result:</B></P><P>Newly diagnosed 278 EC was identified using the claims data during a median follow-up duration of 7.9 years. It was determined that underweight and obesity-compared with normal weight-were significantly associated with 73% increased risk and 30% decreased risk of EC, respectively. Weight gain reduced the risk of EC. Alcohol consumption increased risk for EC in a dose-dependent manner. Heavy alcohol consumption in individuals with underweight increased the risk of developing EC dramatically.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>Underweight was a risk factor for ESCC and alcohol consumption raised the risk synergistically with low BMI. Achieving normal range of BMI could reduce the risk of ESCC.</P>
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The Impact of Perceived Barriers on Self-Efficacy for HPV Preventive Behavior
Bossard, Kyeonghee,Song, Youngshin Asian Pacific Education Press Ltd. 2018 ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION Vol.19 No.4
<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers found among women. Many studies have focused on factors associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) preventive behavior and early detection using models such as the health belief model (HBM). Despite a growing body of knowledge regarding HPV preventive behavior, few studies have examined how self-efficacy affects this behavior in foreign women living in South Korea. This study identified factors affecting the self-efficacy of foreign women living in South Korea and the impact on HPV preventive behavior.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>A total of 171 participants consisting of international school parents who voluntarily participated in HPV preventive behavior were selected. A multivariate regression analysis included key variables such as demographics, cervical cancer knowledge, perceived susceptibility, and perceived barriers.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Self-efficacy for HPV preventive behavior was significantly associated with perceived barriers. That is, women with lower perceived barriers were likely to have higher self-efficacy scores. However, demographics, cervical cancer knowledge, and perceived susceptibility did not show any association with self-efficacy. The final model was significant and accounted for 14.4% of the variance in self-efficacy.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>This study showed the importance of considering perceived barriers of HPV preventive behavior related to self-efficacy. However, different from HBM, modifying factors, such as knowledge, perceived susceptibility, and individual demographics were not related to self-efficacy. Based on these findings, future research should investigate self-efficacy and HPV preventive behavior among individuals who do not participate in HPV preventive behavior.</P>
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