Between Prospective and Reality The Transitional Period in Chad after Idriss Déby

( Ammar Yasin ) 부산외국어대학교 북아프리카연구센터 2023 아프리카학 연구 Vol.3 No.1

Chad's transition period is a major turning point in its history, that it came after thirty years in which former President Idriss Deby ruled until he murdered in mid- 2021. Since May 2021, his son General Mohamed Idriss Deby Itno leading the transitional period that was doubled a few months ago. As any transitional periods, the Chad's case has a lot of strengths and on the other hand weaknesses, which the paper tries to explore its and sit a future scenarios based on what happened in the last two years and what happening nowadays.

Preaching Digitally: Dynamisms of Deconstructing Religious Authority (the Case of Morocco)

( Mimoune Daoudi ),( Chaimae Bouchala ) 부산외국어대학교 북아프리카연구센터 2023 아프리카학 연구 Vol.3 No.2

The Internet has permeated every aspect of people’s social lives, including their religious practices. Nowadays, digital platforms provide users with the power to renegotiate conventional norms of religion and authority. In addition, social media influencers have the chance to create and share religious issues with a variety of online communities thanks to new digital platforms. In Morocco, recognizing these contemporary realities has become a key to approaching social change. The ability to define religion now relies on religious authorities and more on Muslims, who may now select from a wide range of authoritative figures for every topic due to new media platforms. This study uses a qualitative case study approach to investigate the digital content of Moroccan new online preachers, focusing on the content of a Moroccan religious preacher, Redwan Ben Abdessalam, who gains popularity in the Moroccan media. The study aims at studying how Muslim religious identities are deconstructed in light of a new religious lifestyle that seeks for deconstructing conventional religious authorities.

“Ibn Tumart Political Sufi”

( Marzie Mozafari ) 부산외국어대학교 북아프리카연구센터 2023 아프리카학 연구 Vol.3 No.2

Sufism, is a method based on the etiquette of conduct, to cultivate the soul and renounce the world to reach the truth and perfection of the soul. However, a group of Sufis were associated with political rulers. The Sufis were the guidance of the rulers in the form of advice, and the rulers took advantage of their advice. The Sufis also advised rulers. They helped the rulers resolve war-related tensions and conflicts between the two competitors. A different group of Sufis aimed to rule and take control of society. This article described the lifestyle of one of them. Ibn Tumart was a controversial Sufi in Morocco in the 12th century (1080-1130 AD). his aim was to defeat the Almoravids and gain control of Morocco. He did everything he could to gain power. Finally, he achieved his objective and founded the Almohad Islamic government.

The Foundations and Characteristics of Moroccan Diplomatic Practice during the 19^th Century

( Mohammed Bouazza ) 부산외국어대학교 북아프리카연구센터 2023 아프리카학 연구 Vol.3 No.1

The Moroccan diplomatic practice celebrates a long history that extends as old as the Moroccan state and its heritage, which made it embrace distinctive elements of the expertise and experience it has accumulated, and the traditions and customs it has enshrined, which determined its Moroccan character, with all that this means in acknowledging its specificity and history, as it is easy to reveal this specificity when looking at the course of development of Morocco's foreign relations since ancient times, and monitoring Moroccan regimes in their continuation and development, and the nineteenth century remains the clearest period in which Morocco revealed this Morocco's international character was manifested through the number of diplomatic agreements and treaties it signed and the number of countries with which it had relations, so that Morocco, through its diplomatic approach, was able to maintain its political presence until 1912, when it lacked the means of force and resistance sufficient to repel foreign invasion.

Judeo-Christian debate A reading in the manuscript Nour al-Albab al-Mahdi ila al-Sa’ab by Paul al-Izmarli

( Siham Salhi ) 부산외국어대학교 북아프리카연구센터 2023 아프리카학 연구 Vol.3 No.1

Recently, the efforts of researchers and comparative religions specialists have focused on examining ways of humanism, peaceful coexistence, and religious dialogue. Such efforts motivate the looked-for dialogue and showing its dimensions and fields for the concerned parties. To achieve that, we need to the heritage books and references that roots the issues of religious debate, its cultural origins, and its theological ideas, as it focuses on highlighting the convergence and commonalities between religions. Undoubtedly, this authorial genre is rich of hundreds of manuscripts and books in different languages. Individual authors, who were the religious debaters, wrote these references, focusing on specific topics related to the sacred writings, religious rituals and their sacred symbols. This article aims to scholarly discuss “the Light of the Minds Guiding to Righteousness;” it is a manuscript that dates back to the 18^th century and existed in the Faculty of Divinity in Turkey. This article also aims to get a closer understanding of the ethics of defensive debate in this period and the motives of religious people converting to another religion.

Prince Abdelkader El Djezaïri Intellectual Achievements - Colonial Resistance - Immortal Stances

( Oumelkheir Chetatha ) 부산외국어대학교 북아프리카연구센터 2023 아프리카학 연구 Vol.3 No.1

If history in its reality is incidents, and incidents are changes, and changes are the result of time, then history is time, it is the science of human efforts in the past to infer future efforts from it, that history that was full of many names that played decisive roles, among these scholars is our example of good governance who supported the religion and the country, the founder of the Algerian state, and the initiator of Arab nationalism, Abdelkader El Djezaïri. The western and central side of the country at that time knew a leader in its theater, who was completely new in his person and in his ideas. He ruled by the Qur’an, the Sunnah, and the effects of the predecessors. He benefited well from Ibn Khaldun’s saying: “The Arabs do not gather except on fanaticism or religion.” Valais was right when he warned His government, saying: It is nationalism that will turn our situation back on its heels... and even make us cross the sea again when it develops and advances towards civilization. Within this paper, we will discuss the historical stages of his life, his upbringing and formation, his intellectual achievements, his colonial resistance, up to the last station in which he re-emerged as a shining star, a maker of events, through his immortal stances.

An Analytical Reading of the Emerging Interactions between Think Tanks and Political Systems in Sub- Saharan Africa, from Independence to Present: South Africa as a Model

( Nehad Mahmoud ) 부산외국어대학교 북아프리카연구센터 2023 아프리카학 연구 Vol.3 No.2

There is no doubt that think tanks and their role in public space, especially in political and development aspects, have become one of the most traceable and analytical phenomena, especially in developing countries, particularly Sub- Saharan Africa, where the complex internal structure, mounting challenges and different functional dimensions are different from those of the developed world. Accordingly, the importance of this study lies in addressing the realities of the think tanks within Sub - Saharan Africa, and South Africa as an example. The study found that African think tanks are active in a hostile environment that includes several challenges and threats, the most prominent of which are political, legal, and administrative obstacles, in a way that has disrupted the work of these entities. The situation is not much different in South Africa, which provided a difficult working environment for its active think tanks, especially during the apartheid era. However, with the wave of democratic transition the country has undergone since 1994, this situation quickly removed many of the influences on the South African think tanks.

The tax system in Seychelles...an analytical reading of the opportunities and challenges

( Shaimaa Fouad ) 부산외국어대학교 북아프리카연구센터 2023 아프리카학 연구 Vol.3 No.2

The tax system in Seychelles is relatively simple compared to other countries. The country has a progressive income tax system, where higher earners pay a higher percentage of their income in taxes. The tax rates range from 0% to 30%, with the highest rate applying to those earning over a certain threshold. There is also a value-added tax (VAT) of 15% on most goods and services, except for a few exempt items such as basic food items, education, and healthcare. Corporate tax is set at a flat rate of 25% for all businesses. There are also no capital gains or inheritance taxes in Seychelles. The tax year runs from January 1st to December 31st and tax returns must be filed by March 31st of the following year. The Seychelles Revenue Commission is responsible for administering and enforcing the tax laws in the country.