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Hwang Moon Yeong,Hong Jiyoun 건강기능식품미래포럼 2023 건강기능식품미래포럼 학술지 Vol.3 No.1
A growing number of Koreans are taking vitamins and minerals as dietary supplements. However, whether the nutrients consumed through these supplements meet the recommended daily intake is unclear. To address this issue, we analyzed the data of 15,532 people who participated in The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2018 and 2020. The survey assessed the reference nutrient intake and estimated average requirement of the participants, both supplement users and non-users. Our findings revealed that: 1) the percentage of supplement users increased from 61% in 2018 to 75% in 2020, with the highest growth rate seen in probiotics users; 2) non-users of supplements had a lower intake of individual vitamins and minerals than supplement users; and 3) odds ratio (OR) analysis indicated that most of the nutrients examined showed OR less than one, meaning that the majority of Koreans are not meeting the recommended daily intake of vitamins and minerals, even with the use of dietary supplements. These results suggest that more attention should be paid to the recommended intake of nutrients and dietary supplements to meet these requirements.
Kim Hayoung,Seung A Chae,Lee Minjee,Soo-Yeon Yang,Ban O-Hyun,Jung Young Hoon,Yang Jungwoo 건강기능식품미래포럼 2021 건강기능식품미래포럼 학술지 Vol.1 No.4
As global interest in probiotics as functional food or health supplement increases, their safety for human consumption is emerging as a major issue. We isolated 2 strains of Bifidobacterium, that are Bifidobacterium bifidum IDCC 4201 and Bifidobacterium longum IDCC 4101 from feces of breast-fed infants. In the present study, they were characterized with respect to their harmful actions in cellular and animal experiments and the suitability as probiotics. B. bifidum IDCC 4201 and B. longum IDCC 4101 were both negative for hemolytic and β-glucuronidase activities. In addition, they were susceptible to 9 different antibiotics suggested by the European Food Safety Authority. In accordance with minimal inhibitory concentration results, whole-genome analysis indicates that the strains harbored neither antibiotic resistance nor toxigenic genes. Furthermore, they produced no biogenic amines, including tyramine and histamine, and no D-lactate. Finally, single-dose oral toxicity tests showed that the strains also had no harmful effect on rats. Thus, these results suggest that the probiotic strains B. bifidum IDCC 4201 and B. longum IDCC 4101 are safe for human consumption.
Hong Gwan Ui,Hong Eun Young,Chung Myung-Hee,노재열 건강기능식품미래포럼 2021 건강기능식품미래포럼 학술지 Vol.1 No.4
Hwang Chan Go (HCG), a mixture of extracts of Allium cepa (onion), Allium sativum (garlic) or Zizania latifolia (wild rice) was shown to have anti-allergic activities but its mechanism of action has not been elucidated yet. Thus, HCG was examined for its effects on the allergic responses in B57bl/6 mice with asthma induced with ovalbumin (OVA). HCG, when administered to the OVA-induced allergic mice, was found to reduce levels of OVA-specific IgE, infiltration of inflammatory cells including mast cells into bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid or lung tissues, bronchial goblet cell hyperplasia, expression of eosinophil major basic protein (EMBP), mucin 5ac (Muc5ac), migration molecules, cytokines and COX1/2, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), c-kit and tryptase in the lung tissues, the release of granular mediator (histamine) and newly synthetized mediators (PGD2 and LTC4) and expression of inflammatory cytokines. The data suggest that HCG has a therapeutic potential for allergic asthma.
Kang Wonseok,Auh Joong-Hyuck 건강기능식품미래포럼 2021 건강기능식품미래포럼 학술지 Vol.1 No.4
Pimpinella brachycarpa (chamnamul) is traditionally used as edible vegetable as well as medicinal plant in Asian regions. In this study, four extracts of Pimpinella brachycarpa leaves were prepared by the supercritical carbon dioxide method under four different conditions (cosolvent pump [CP], basket soaking [BS], CO2-ethanol washing [CE] and CO2-hexane washing [CH]) and the extracts obtained were compared with respects to yield, antioxidant activity and acquisition of active (metabolomic) components. The highest yield (g of dried extract/g of dried leaves) was obtained from the extract prepared by BS condition (5.89%). Antioxidant activity was assayed by contents of phenolic compounds that were measured by gallic acid equivalent (GAE/g extract) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activities. The total phenolic content was highest in the extract by CP and the activity of DPPH radical scavenging was higher in the extracts by BS and CH. However, the scavenging activity of the extracts by CE and CH was more than 10 times higher than that by CP and BS, meaning that CE and CH conditions are suitable for extracting antioxidant compounds. Metabolomic analysis also showed a significantly different profile among the extracts. These results indicate that the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method prepares the extracts of different properties depending upon the conditions used and thus, provide useful information for the study on separation and identification of active compounds from medicinal plants.
최지윤,Hong Hye Lim,Sun Seung-Han,Oh Kwang-Seok,Na Chun-Soo,유혜현,Choi Yongseok,박영인,동미숙 건강기능식품미래포럼 2021 건강기능식품미래포럼 학술지 Vol.1 No.4
Toxicodendron vernicifluum (TV), whose common name is sumac, has been traditionally as a remedy in folk medicine for inflammatory diseases particularly of allergic origin. In the present study, the mechanism of anti-allergic action of TV was explored using hot water extract of TV xylem (TVE) as well as the major compounds isolated from TVE (fisetin, butein, and sulfuretin) by observing the effect on the degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells, a mast cell line. First, TVE and the three compounds were tested on degranulation of the mast cells by observing the releases of β-hexosaminidase from RBL-2H3 cells stimulated by IgE or A23187. And then, to investigate the mechanism of action to inhibit the degranulation, they were tested on the Syk/phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) signaling pathway, intracellular Ca2+ levels, protein kinase C (PKC)α activation, and Syk and PLCγ phosphorylation. In a preliminary experiment, TVE was compared to the extracts prepared from other 11 herbs and found to display the strongest inhibition of β-hexosaminidase release in RBL-2H3 cells with an IC50 value of 21.1 μg/mL. Fisetin, butein, and sulfuretin also strongly inhibited the degranulation. TVE and these three compounds inhibited the phosphorylation of Syk and PLCγ, the translocation of activated PKC from the cytosol to the membrane and the increase of intracellular Ca2+ levels in the RBL-2H3 cells activated by IgE-antigen complex, suggesting inhibition of degranulation through inhibition of the Syk/PLCγ signaling pathway. These results are the evidence supporting why TV has been used as a remedy traditionally for allergic inflammatory diseases.
Protective Effect of TOSCARE™ on Toxic Actions by Reactive Oxygen Species and Heavy Metals
Noh Yoo-Hun,Jeon Byung-Ju,Lee Seungah,Myeong Jaeho,Kim Ga-Young,이지원,김성수,Hong Junkee 건강기능식품미래포럼 2021 건강기능식품미래포럼 학술지 Vol.1 No.1
Toscano (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) and Ussuri thistle (Cirsium japonicum var. maackii (Maxim.) Matsum.) are known to have a beneficial effect on the liver function possibly through antioxidant action. In the present study, the combined extract of both plants, named TOSCARE™ was prepared and tested for its effects on cytotoxicity induced by oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity induced by heavy metals. TOSCARE™ inhibited the death of HepG2 cells by treatment with H2O2 and Tacrine known to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the same experiment, TOSCARE™ was observed to remove ROS, inhibit the increased expression of cytochrome P450 1A1 and suppress the decreased expression of Bcl-2 and ERK. TOSCARE™ also showed the preventive effect on hepatotoxicity induced by heavy metals (Pb, Cd) in rats, which was supported by the blood chemistry data: aspartate aminotransferase from 301 ± 64.20 to 197.9 ± 21.95 U/L (P < 0.05), lactate dehydrogenase from 313.00 ± 61.73 to 174.18 ± 21.76 U/L (P < 0.05), and blood urea nitrogen from 27.78 ± 2.18 mg/ to 18.95 ± 0.74 mg/dL (P < 0.05). The results obtained suggest that TOSCARE™ can have beneficial effects on cell and organ damages induced by ROS and heavy metals.
Yu Min,Jun Hee Joon,Son Youngbae,Park Cheoljin,Hong Jin Tae,Son Dong Ju 건강기능식품미래포럼 2021 건강기능식품미래포럼 학술지 Vol.1 No.1
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) oil has emerged as a potential alternative for omega-3 supplementation and been shown to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. However, all relevant current krill oil extraction methods generally use organic solvents which could leave solvent residues on the final product. Hence, we established a solvent-free method by using proteases, evaluated effects of the enzymatically decomposed krill oil (EDKO) on vascular endothelial inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque formation, and explore its underlying mechanism of action. For these purposes, we prepared vascular inflammation model by partial carotid ligation in C57BL/6 mice and acute and chronic atherosclerosis models in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice, and examined the effects of EDKO on inflammatory gene expression in arterial endothelium and development of atherosclerosis, respectively. Our results showed administration of EDKO by oral gavage down-regulated the expressions of pro-inflammatory genes (vascular cell adhesion protein 1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, chitinase 3 like 1, and chemokine [C-C motif ] ligand 19) in arterial endothelium and inhibited atherosclerotic plaque formation in both acute and chronic model. Our findings suggest that dietary supplementation of EDKO provides antiatherogenic benefits by inhibiting vascular inflammation through regulating inflammatory gene expressions in arterial endothelium.