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Yun-Ju Park(서평자),Yong-Chul Bae(서평자),Cheil Moon(서평자) 한국실험동물학회 2007 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.23 No.3
The sense of smell is the most enigmatic senses. We have just begun to understand how nose recognizes and remembers about millions of different odors due to Drs. Buck and Axel's identification of odorant receptors and series of pioneering molecular genetic studies using experimental animals. The odorant receptors are located on the olfactory sensory neurons, which reside in the nasal epithelium and detect the inhaled odorant molecules. According to their works, we have learned that each olfactory sensory neuron possesses only one type of odorant receptor, and each receptor can detect a limited number of odorant substances. The olfactory sensory neurons send thin nerve processes directly to distinct glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, the primary olfactory area of the brain. Strikingly, olfactory sensory neurons carrying the same type of receptor send their nerve processes to the same glomerulus. From the glomerulus in the olfactory bulb the information is relayed further to other parts of the brain, where the information from several olfactory receptors is combined, forming a pattern. Besides the odorant receptors in the olfactory epithelium, distinct type of odorant receptors also exists. Moreover, other receptors which may participate in social or reproductive behavior are identified in the vomeronasal organs. The roles of these receptors as well as the odorant receptors are still unclear, thus the use of genetically manipulated laboratory animals may facilitate studies to clarify the roles of these receptors.
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