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Yu-Huan Gu,Gowsala Sivam 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Journal of medicinal food Vol.9 No.2
Twenty species of edible mushrooms and three purified mushroom polysaccharides were screened for their an-titumor potential on human androgen-independent cancer PC-3 cells. A water-soluble extract (POE) prepared from the freshoyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatusproduced the most significant cytotoxicity on PC-3 cells among the mushroom speciestested. At the same time, POE induced a rapid apoptosis on PC-3 cells detected with annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanateflow cytometry when the cells were exposed to POE (150 .g/mL) for 2 hours. Induced apoptosis was also confirmed by DNAfragment terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated X-dUTP nick end labeling staining while POE (200 .g/mL) wasadded to PC-3 cells for 6 hours. Both cytotoxicity and induced apoptosis mediated by POE in PC-3 cells are dose-dependent.Interestingly, PC-3 cells appeared to be more sensitive to POE in anchorage-independent growth condition. Tumor colony-forming efficiency was dramatically reduced to 4.5% or 0.5% in POE (60 or 120 .g/mL)-supplemented soft agar mediumcompared with that of POE-free medium (defined as 100%). Temperature in POE processing plays a decisive role for the cy-totoxic activity. Bioactivity of POE was eliminated by exposure to high temperature (80°C) for 2 hours; however, it remained