Mapping of sentinel lymph nodes by firefly fluorescence imaging with da Vinci xi system for endometrial and cervical cancers

( Ji Y Tak ),( Gun O Chong ),( Yoon H Lee ),( Dae G Hong ),( Yoon S Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-

Objectives: We evaluate the detection rate and metastasis of primary sentinel nodes (SLN) and downstream secondary fluorescence nodes for endometrial and cervical cancer by firefly fluorescence imaging with da Vinci xi system. Materials and Methods; A total of 27 patients were included in the study (13 endometrial and 14 cervical cancers). Mean age was 55 years (range, 32-73 years). Mean BMI was 25.5 kg/m² (range, 21-39 kg/m²). All patients had inframesenteric paraaortic lymphadenectomy but 11 patients had infrarenal paraaortic lymphadenectomy. All procedures were performed by firefly fluorescence imaging with da Vinci xi system. Four intracervical injection of indocyanine green (ICG) at 3 and 9 o'clock was performed in all cases before insertion of telescope. Results: Total obtained nodes count were 43.4 (range 18-61). Five patients had node metastasis with sentinel node. The mean primary SLN counts were 9.9 (range, 2-15). And downstream 2ndary fluorescent staining nodes count were 14.9 (range, 0-25). And primary SLN was identified in 27 cases (100%), with bilateral pelvic mapping in 25 (93%). An aortic 2ndary SLN was identified in 20 (74%) of the 27 mapped cases as not primary but 2ndary fluorescent nodes. The most frequent site of primary SLN was obturator nodes, external iliac medial node, presacral nodes, internal iliac node, parametrial nodes, and external iliac lateral nodes in the order. And frequent site of downstream 2ndary fluorescent staining node was external iliac lateral nodes, inframesenteric nodes, right paraaortic nodes, external iliac medial nodes, common iliac nodes, presacral nodes, aortocaval node, internal iliac nodes, gluteal node and infrarenal nodes in the order. Positive SLNs were identified in 19% of patients (5/27). Four had secondary paraaortic node metastasis both in patients with positive pelvic SLN. Three patients (11%) had metastatic node outside to metastatic primary SLN and downstream fluorescence nodes (3/27). There were no allergic reactions to the ICG. Conclusions: Firefly fluorescence imaging with ICG in da Vinci system is an excellent and safe method for SLN mapping with a very high overall (100%) and bilateral (93%) detection rate. Our results revealed there are important information about conception of primary sentinel node and downstream fluorescence nodes. Which is rather different results to previous others studies.

Col1a1-cre mediated activation of β-catenin leads to aberrant dento-alveolar complex formation

Tak-Heun Kim,Cheol-Hyeon Bae,Eun-Ha Jang,Chi-Young Yoon,Young Bae,Seung-O Ko,Makoto M,Taketo,Eui-Sic Cho 대한해부학회 2012 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.45 No.3

Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays a critical role in bone formation and regeneration. Dentin and cementum share many similarities with bone in their biochemical compositions and biomechanical properties. Whether Wnt/β-catenin signaling is involved in the dento-alveolar complex formation is unknown. To understand the roles of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the dento-alveolar complex formation, we generated conditional β-catenin activation mice through intercross of Catnb+/lox(ex3) mice with Col1a1-cre mice. In mutant mice, tooth formation and eruption was disturbed. Lower incisors and molars did not erupt. Bone formation was increased in the mandible but tooth formation was severely disturbed. Hypomineralized dentin was deposited in the crown but roots of molars were extremely short and distorted. In the odontoblasts of mutant molars, expression of dentin matrix proteins was obviously downregulated following the activation of β-catenin whereas that of mineralization inhibitor was increased. Cementum and periodontal ligament were hypoplastic but periodontal space was narrow due to increased alveolar bone formation. While cementum matrix proteins were decreased, bone matrix proteins were increased in the cementum and alveolar bone of mutant mice. These results indicate that local activation of β-catenin in the osteoblasts and odontoblasts leads to aberrant dento-alveolar complex formation. Therefore, appropriate inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is important for the dento-alveolar complex formation.

<i>Col1a1-cre</i> mediated activation of β-catenin leads to aberrant dento-alveolar complex formation

Kim, Tak-Heun,Bae, Cheol-Hyeon,Jang, Eun-Ha,Yoon, Chi-Young,Bae, Young,Ko, Seung-O,Taketo, Makoto M.,Cho, Eui-Sic Korean Association of Anatomists 2012 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.45 No.3

<P>Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays a critical role in bone formation and regeneration. Dentin and cementum share many similarities with bone in their biochemical compositions and biomechanical properties. Whether Wnt/β-catenin signaling is involved in the dento-alveolar complex formation is unknown. To understand the roles of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the dento-alveolar complex formation, we generated conditional β-catenin activation mice through intercross of <I>Catnb<SUP>+/lox(ex3)</SUP></I> mice with <I>Col1a1-cre</I> mice. In mutant mice, tooth formation and eruption was disturbed. Lower incisors and molars did not erupt. Bone formation was increased in the mandible but tooth formation was severely disturbed. Hypomineralized dentin was deposited in the crown but roots of molars were extremely short and distorted. In the odontoblasts of mutant molars, expression of dentin matrix proteins was obviously downregulated following the activation of β-catenin whereas that of mineralization inhibitor was increased. Cementum and periodontal ligament were hypoplastic but periodontal space was narrow due to increased alveolar bone formation. While cementum matrix proteins were decreased, bone matrix proteins were increased in the cementum and alveolar bone of mutant mice. These results indicate that local activation of β-catenin in the osteoblasts and odontoblasts leads to aberrant dento-alveolar complex formation. Therefore, appropriate inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is important for the dento-alveolar complex formation.</P>

ENHANCEMENT OF HISTOGRAM EQUALIZATION WITH NEIGHBORHOOD METRICS

Nyamlkhagva Sengee,Tak Yoon O,Kim Tae Yun,Choi Heung Kook 한국멀티미디어학회 2007 한국멀티미디어학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2007 No.-

We present a refinement of histogram equalization using neighborhood metrics with a general framework which orders pixels based on a sequence of sorting functions which uses both global and local information to remap the image greylevels. We designed a novel sorting key with the suggestion of using the original image greylevel as the primary key and a neighborhood voting metric as the secondary key and the novel contrast difference metrics as the third key. We find that our method can provide an improvement in contrast enhancement, can be very flatter histogram. versus global Histogram Equalization (HE) and Histogram equalization with neighborhood metrics (HENM), while avoiding undesirable over-enhancement that can occur with local histogram equalization (LHE) and other methods.

발광영상에 대한 정량화 방법 개발

김현식 ( Hyeon Sik Kim ),최은서 ( Eun Seo Choi ),탁윤오 ( Yoon O Tak ),최흥국 ( Heung Kook Choi ),이주영 ( Ju Young Lee ),민정준 ( Jung Joon Min ),이병일 ( Byeong Il Lee ) 대한핵의학회 2009 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.43 No.5

목적: 광학적 분자 발광영상은 발광효소를 이용하여 발광하는 빛의 신호를 영상화하는 기법이다. 발광하는 광량이 분자 변화 또는 세포 수와 비례하고 신호 대 잡음비가 좋아서 영상을 얻고, 정략분석이 가능하다. 이 연구에서는 정량적 분석을 위해 비례적 측정 정량화기법을 개발하였다. 대상 및 방법: 개발 중인 ALIS (animal light imaging system) 광학발광영상 카메라에서 박테리아 수를 달리한 박테리아 광원 3가지와 또 다른 3가지 광원을 이용하여 발광영상을 측정하였다. 일정한 세기의 광원에 대해서 측정 방법을 수학적으로 표현하기 위해 ㏅와 광속의 개념을 이용하여 간단한 수식을 유도하였다. 실험을 통해 측정시간 1초를 기준으로 얻어진 값으로 표준 정량화 함수를 얻었다. 얻어진 정량화 함수를 이용하여 박테리아를 이용한 실험에 필요한 함수의 상수 값을 구했으며, 세 가지 세기가 다른 광원을 이용하여 측정한 값을 측정시간과 함께 정량화 식에 대입하여 측정하였다. 결과: 표준측정함수를 이용하여 측정시간에 비례하는 정량적 값을 얻을 수 있었다. 정량화결과를 측정시간으로 나눠준 값은 일정하였으며, 측정시간에 대비한 비례적 값을 얻을 수 있었다. 결론: 측정한 결과를 정량화 함수에 대입하여 정량화시킨 값은 표준정량화 하기에 적합하였다. 이 정량화 방법은 다른 광학적 분자영상 장비에 적용하여도 빛의 세기를 표준화 시킬 수 있을 뿐 만 아니라 성격이 다른 각각의 광원에 대해서도 보다 정량적인 분석을 시행할 수 있으므로, 새로운 표준 정량화 방법으로 발전시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. Purpose: Optical molecular luminescence imaging is widely used for detection and imaging of bio-photons emitted by luminescent luciferase activation. The measured photons in this method provide the degree of molecular alteration or cell numbers with the advantage of high signal-to-noise ratio. To extract useful information from the measured results, the analysis based on a proper quantification method is necessary. In this research, we propose a quantification method presenting linear response of measured light signal to measurement time. Materials and Methods: We detected the luminescence signal by using lab-made optical imaging equipment of animal light imaging system (ALIS) and different two kinds of light sources. One is three bacterial light-emitting sources containing different number of bacteria. The other is three different non-bacterial light sources emitting very weak light. By using the concept of the candela and the flux, we could derive simplified linear quantification formula. After experimentally measuring light intensity, the data was processed with the proposed quantification function. Results: We could obtain linear response of photon counts to measurement time by applying the pre-determined quantification function. The ratio of the re-calculated photon counts and measurement time present a constant value although different light source was applied. Conclusion: The quantification function for linear response could be applicable to the standard quantification process. The proposed method could be used for the exact quantitative analysis in various light imaging equipments with presenting linear response behavior of constant light emitting sources to measurement time. (Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2009;43(5):451-458)

Development of Automatic Region Segmentation Methods For Brain MR Images

Geon-Hwan Kwan,Dong-Eog Kim,Tae-Yun Kim,Yoon-O Tak,Heung-Kook Choi 한국멀티미디어학회 2007 한국멀티미디어학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2007 No.-

The purpose of the present research was to evaluate an automatic brain-region division system as a first step to comparative and quantitative brain MR analysis. Separating brain regions has been used for a long time to get certain goal-directed information from MR images. Without an automatic system, many researchers have to spend time for the laborious work. During the process, the users' intervention often hampers objectivity and could bias the results. As a method to divide brain regions automatically from MR brain images, we suggest that brain masks and iterative selection algorithm give excellent results.

현가계 컴플라이언스 특성의 최적 설계에 관한 연구

이장무(J. M. Lee),강주석(J. S. Kang),탁태오(T. O. Tak),윤종욱(J. W. Yoon) 한국자동차공학회 1998 한국 자동차공학회논문집 Vol.6 No.6