Death-associated protein kinase 1 phosphorylates MDM2 and inhibits its protein stability and function

Mi Zhang,Xindong Shui,Xiaoqing Zheng,Jong Eun Lee,Yingxue Mei,Ruomeng Li,Yuan Tian,Xiuzhi Zheng,Quling Wang,Long Wang,Dongmei Chen,Tao Zhang,Byeong Mo Kim,Jungho Kim,Tae Ho Lee 대한약학회 2023 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.46 No.11

Breast cancer is one of the major malignancies in women, and most related deaths are due to recurrence, drug resistance, and metastasis. The expression of the mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) oncogene is upregulated in breast cancer; however, its regulatory mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, we identified the tumor suppressor death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) as a novel MDM2 regulator by unbiased peptide library screening. DAPK1 is directly bound to MDM2 and phosphorylates it at Thr419. DAPK1-mediated MDM2 phosphorylation promoted its protein degradation via the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway, resulting in upregulated p53 expression. DAPK1 overexpression, but not its kinase activity-deficient form, decreased colony formation and increased doxorubicin-induced cell death; however, DAPK1 knockdown produced the opposite effects in human breast cancer cells. In a xenograft tumorigenesis assay, DAPK1 overexpression significantly reduced tumor formation, whereas inhibition of DAPK1 kinase activity reduced its antitumorigenic effect. Finally, DAPK1 expression was negatively correlated with MDM2 levels in human breast cancer tissues. Thus, these results suggest that DAPK1-mediated MDM2 phosphorylation and its protein degradation may contribute to its antitumorigenic function in breast cancer.

慎言原则——儒家文化维护和平的语用学原则

王莹雪(Yingxue Wang),郭碧森(Bisen Guo),张华(Hua Zhang) YIXIN 출판사 2024 Journal of Language and Literature Studies Vol.1 No.1

Language serves not only as a conduit for thought and culture but also as a key tool for interpersonal coordination and promoting peace. As a prominent ancient Chinese politician, philosopher, and educator, Confucius deeply understood the role and significance of language. In his work The Analects, discussions on language topics comprise over 60 passages, accounting for approximately 12% of the book’s content. In Confucius’ linguistic theoretical system, apart from principles in pragmatics such as cooperation, politeness, and relevance, he introduced the uniquely Chinese linguistic principle of “the principle of prudent speech.” Confucius’ principle of prudent speech reflects his thoughtful and prudent approach to language use. This principle advocates for restraint and circumspection in speech to avoid conflict, disputes, and misunderstandings, thereby fostering harmonious interpersonal relationships and societal peace. This paper, employing Kantian categories and Grice’s principle of cooperation as a theoretical framework, analyzes the significant role of the principle of prudent speech in personal cultivation, interpersonal relationships, social interactions, and even governance rationality, emphasizing its contribution to peace values. 语言不仅承载了思维与文化,还是人际关系协调,促进和平的关键工具。作为中国古代杰出的政治家、哲学家和教育家,孔子深刻认识到语言的作用和重要性。在其著作《论语》中,涉及语言话题的篇章超过60 处,约占该书内容的12%。孔子的语言理论体系中除了语用学中的合作原则、礼貌原则以及关联原则之外,还提出了具有中国特色的语用原则“慎言原则”。孔子的慎言原则体现了他对语言使用的深思熟虑和谨慎态度。慎言原则要求人们在言辞之间保持克制和审慎,避免冲突、争执和误解,以促进和谐的人际关系和社会和平。本文以康德范畴论及格莱斯的合作原则为理论框架,分析慎言原则中在个人素养,知人交友,社会交际乃至治国理智中的重要作用以及和平价值。

Pore-scale study of in-situ surfactant flooding with strong oil emulsification in sandstone based on X-ray microtomography

Yun She,Chunwei Zhang,Mohammad Azis Mahardika,Anindityo Patmonoaji,Yingxue Hu,Shintaro Matsushita,Tetsuya Suekane 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.98 No.-

This study presented a pore-scale investigation on the dynamic displacement of oil subjected to ex-situand in-situ surfactantflooding using X-ray microtomography. The ex-situ surfactant solution was preprepared,whereas the in-situ surfactant was generated directly with the chemical reaction inside porousmedia. The results showed that oil removal from the pore spaces relied on the combination of piston-like,pore-bodyfilling and a weak emulsification mechanism in the ex-situ system, whereas the in-situ systemwas dominated by a strong emulsification process. The threshold capillary pressure was decreasedsignificantly owing to interfacial tension reduction and wettability alteration, which enhanced the oilcluster mobilization. Therefore, the in-situ system produced the highest oil recovery efficiency of 86.9%compared with ex-situ system and waterflooding. The emulsifying ability was evaluated through oilcluster size distributions and their dynamic evolution. The networks or branches disappeared andemulsified into small oil ganglia and singlets, thereby leading to a significant decrease in the averageequivalent diameter. Finally, strong emulsification in the in-situ system was attributed to quick andprecise surfactant aggregation at the oil–water interface that induced blebbing, whereas the ex-situ casewas dominated by slow surfactant transport relying on advection and diffusion in theflow mainstream.

Over-expression of PTEN on proliferation and apoptosis in canine mammary tumors cells

Jinjin Tong,Hua Zhang,Dongdong Sun,Yingxue Wang,Chao Yang,Yun Liu 한국통합생물학회 2016 Animal cells and systems Vol.20 No.6

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is an important tumor-suppressor gene which constitutes an important PI3K/Akt pathway by regulating the signaling of multiple biological processes, including apoptosis, metabolism, cell proliferation, and cell growth has been gaining increasing attention. However, the role of PTEN in regulating apoptosis of canine mammary tumors cells still needs further investigation. In this experiment, the effect of PTEN on proliferation and apoptosis in canine mammary tumors (CMT) cells was analyzed. As a result, gene and protein expression levels of apoptosis-related genes were detected. Eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1+-PTEN were successfully constructed and stably transferred into canine CMT cells after geneticin (G418) selection. After pcDNA3.1+-PTEN transfection, compared with control group, the cells proliferation was inhibited and the cell apoptosis was increased in CMT cells. The expression of p-Akt was decreased and the apoptosis-related genes, such as caspase-3, caspase- 9, and Bax, were increased. These data serve to demonstrate the function of PTEN on apoptosis and gene regulatory in PI3K/Akt pathway in CMT cells. Collectively, our data link the tumorsuppressor activities of PTEN to the machinery controlling cell cycle through the modulation of signaling molecules whose signal target is the functional inactivation of the apoptosis gene product.

Clinical effectiveness of different types of bone-anchored maxillary protraction devices for skeletal Class III malocclusion: Systematic review and network meta-analysis

Wang, Jiangwei,Yang, Yingying,Wang, Yingxue,Zhang, Lu,Ji, Wei,Hong, Zheng,Zhang, Linkun The Korean Association Of Orthodontists 2022 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.52 No.5

Objective: This study aimed to estimate the clinical effects of different types of bone-anchored maxillary protraction devices by using a network meta-analysis. Methods: We searched seven databases for randomized and controlled clinical trials that compared bone-anchored maxillary protraction with tooth-anchored maxillary protraction interventions or untreated groups up to May 2021. After literature selection, data extraction, and quality assessment, we calculated the mean differences, 95% confidence intervals, and surface under the cumulative ranking scores of eleven indicators. Statistical analysis was performed using R statistical software with the GeMTC package based on the Bayesian framework. Results: Six interventions and 667 patients were involved in 18 studies. In comparison with the tooth-anchored groups, the bone-anchored groups showed significantly more increases in Sella-Nasion-Subspinale (°), Subspinale-Nasion-Supramentale(°) and significantly fewer increases in mandibular plane angle and the labial proclination angle of upper incisors. In comparison with the control group, Sella-Nasion-Supramentale(°) decreased without any statistical significance in all treated groups. IMPA (angle of lower incisors and mandibular plane) decreased in groups with facemasks and increased in other groups. Conclusions: Bone-anchored maxillary protraction can promote greater maxillary forward movement and correct the Class III intermaxillary relationship better, in addition to showing less clockwise rotation of mandible and labial proclination of upper incisors. However, strengthening anchorage could not inhibit mandibular growth better and the lingual inclination of lower incisors caused by the treatment is related to the use of a facemask.

Mouse Fyn induces pseudopodium formation in Chinese hamster ovary cells

Lei An,Shengnan Liu,Wei Zhang,Yamei Zhang,Yingxue Huang,Xinde Hu,Shu-lin Chen,Shanting Zhao 대한수의학회 2014 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.15 No.1

Molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of Fyn on cellmorphology, pseudopodium movement, and cell migrationwere investigated. The Fyn gene was subcloned into pEGFP-N1to produce pEGFP-N1-Fyn. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)cells were transfected with pEGFP-N1-Fyn. The expression ofFyn mRNA and proteins was monitored by reversetranscription-PCR and Western blotting. Additionally,transfected cells were stained with 4´,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and a series of time-lapse images was taken. Sequences of the recombinant plasmids pMD18-T-Fyn andpEGFP-N1-Fyn were confirmed by sequence identificationusing National Center for Biotechnology Information in USA,and Fyn expression was detected by RT-PCR and Westernblotting. The morphology of CHO cells transfected with therecombinant vector was significantly altered. Fyn expressioninduced filopodia and lamellipodia formation. Based on theseresults, we concluded that overexpression of mouse Fyn inducesthe formation of filopodia and lamellipodia in CHO cells, andpromotes cell movement.

Design and Implementation of a Novel Horizontal AFM Probe Utilizing a Quartz Tuning Fork

Yifu Chen,Yingzi Li,Guanqiao Shan,Yingxu Zhang,Zhenyu Wang,Mubing Wang,Hua Li,Jianqiang Qian 한국정밀공학회 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.19 No.1

This paper presents a new structure of a novel horizontal atomic force microscope probe utilizing a quartz tuning fork. The horizontal structure exhibits high resistance to environmental noise, and thus the probe can maintain good stability throughout the imaging work. The quartz tuning fork, which is utilized as a force sensor due to its simple mechanical structure and self-actuating and self-sensing characteristics, can significantly simplify the mechanical structure of the probe. The probe is divided into three parts: an approximation device, a force sensor, and a three-dimensional scanner. Each part is carefully designed to guarantee the imaging performance. It is verified that the proposed horizontal AFM probe is stable by conducting finite-element analysis, including modal analysis and noise analysis. Furthermore, the probe is fabricated and the experiments are performed to verify its stability. The proposed horizontal AFM probe combined with the existing control system in the frequency modulation succeeds in imaging within 25 μm × 25 μm and 20 μm × 20 μm ranges stably.

Magnetic Resonance Properties of Zn1-xMnxO thin Films grown by Using Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Jan Stehr,Christoph Knies,Detlev M. Hofmann,Wei Xu,Yingxue Zhou,Xinyi Zhang 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.1

We present the results of an electron paramagnetic resonance study of Zn1-xMnxO thin lms grown by molecular beam epitaxy on sapphire substrates. The Mn concentrations in the samples vary between x = 0.03 and x = 0.3. In addition to residual Mo3+ ions, the exchange interaction of the Mn2+ ions is studied. Our results show dominantly antiferromagnetic coupling of the ions. We present the results of an electron paramagnetic resonance study of Zn1-xMnxO thin lms grown by molecular beam epitaxy on sapphire substrates. The Mn concentrations in the samples vary between x = 0.03 and x = 0.3. In addition to residual Mo3+ ions, the exchange interaction of the Mn2+ ions is studied. Our results show dominantly antiferromagnetic coupling of the ions.

Assessment of phenanthrene bioavailability in aged and unaged soils by mild extraction.

Khan, Muhammad Imran,Cheema, Sardar Alam,Shen, Chaofeng,Zhang, Congkai,Tang, Xianjin,Shi, Jiyan,Chen, Xincai,Park, Joonhong,Chen, Yingxu D. Reidel Pub. Co ; Springer 2012 Environmental monitoring and assessment Vol.184 No.1

<P>It has become apparent that the threat of an organic pollutant in soil is directly related to its bioavailable fraction and that the use of total contaminant concentrations as a measure of potential contaminant exposure to plants or soil organisms is inappropriate. In light of this, non-exhaustive extraction techniques are being investigated to assess their appropriateness in determining bioavailability. To find a suitable and rapid extraction method to predict phenanthrene bioavailability, multiple extraction techniques (i.e., mild hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) and organic solvents extraction) were investigated in soil spiked to a range of phenanthrene levels (i.e., 1.12, 8.52, 73, 136, and 335?μg?g(?-?1) dry soil). The bioaccumulation of phenanthrene in earthworm (Eisenia fetida) was used as the reference system for bioavailability. Correlation results for phenanthrene suggested that mild HPCD extraction was a better method to predict bioavailability of phenanthrene in soil compared with organic solvents extraction. Aged (i.e., 150?days) and fresh (i.e., 0?day) soil samples were used to evaluate the extraction efficiency and the effect of soil contact time on the availability of phenanthrene. The percentage of phenanthrene accumulated by earthworms and percent recoveries by mild extractants changed significantly with aging time. Thus, aging significantly reduced the earthworm uptake and chemical extractability of phenanthrene. In general, among organic extractants, methanol showed recoveries comparable to those of mild HPCD for both aged and unaged soil matrices. Hence, this extractant can be suitable after HPCD to evaluate risk of contaminated soils.</P>

Optimization Model of Closed Loop Supply Chain Based on System Dynamics and Graph Theory

Ying Xu,Xuemei Zhang,Yu Hong 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.9 No.12

In order to assist in the reverse recovery decision of emergency logistics in sudden natural disasters, this paper conducts the system modeling on the reverse recovery of reusable materials in several disaster areas from the perspective of system dynamics under the principle of rescue satisfaction preference. Through the comprehensive analysis of material demand of disaster areas, the occupancy of resources in reverse recovery and other factors, it establishes the function relation between the recovery frequency and rescue satisfaction, and simulates the system model with the system dynamics software Vensim. Finally, the effectiveness and practicability of the model is proved by an example, based on which the impact of transportation resource change on rescue satisfaction is analyzed. Based on the above research conclusion, this paper provides the decision support and countermeasure for the emergency reverse logistics in China.