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Novel assessment method of heavy metal pollution in surface water
Yingran Liu,Hongming Yu,Yu Sun,Juan Chen 대한환경공학회 2017 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.22 No.1
The primary purpose of this research is to understand those elements that define heavy metals contamination and to propose a novel assessment method based on principal component analysis (PCA) in the Yangping River region of Lingbao City, China. This paper makes detailed calculations regarding such factors the single-factor assessment (Pi) and Nemerow’s multi-factor index (PN) of heavy metals found in the surface water of the Yangping River. The maximum values of Pi (Cd) and Pi (Pb) were determined to be 892.000 and 113.800 respectively. The maximum value of PN was calculated to be 639.836. The results of Pearson’s correlation analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and PCA indicated heavy metal groupings as follows: Cu, Pb, Zn and As, Hg, Cd. The PCA-based pollution index (Pαn) of samplings was subsequently calculated. The relative coefficient square was valued at 0.996 between Pαn and PN, which indicated that Pαn is able to serve as a new heavy metal pollution index; not only this index able to eliminate the influence of the maximum value of Pi, but further, this index contains the principal component elements needed to evaluate heavy metal pollution levels.
Yingran Liang,Yuanyuan Zhang,Miaomiao Liu,Xue Han,Jianping Zhang,Xuan Zhang,Li Chu 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.8
Many studies describe the stimulating eff ect ofquercetin on Ca 2+ channels and the treatment of cardiovasculardiseases such as myocardial ischemia and hypertension. However, these studies are scattered and contradictory. The aim of this study is to elucidate the protective eff ects ofquercetin against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardialischemia and verify the cellular mechanisms based on theL-type Ca 2+ channel (LTCC), Ca 2+ transients, and myocardialcontractility. An animal model of myocardial ischemiawas established by subcutaneous injection of ISO for 2 days. Quercetin significantly reduced J-point elevation, heartrate, reactive oxygen species, serum levels of myocardialenzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathioneperoxidase, glutathione S-transferase and improvedheart pathologic morphology. L-type Ca 2+ current (I Ca-L )was tested in an experiment with isolated rat myocardialcells by using the whole-cell patch-clamp recording techniqueand IonOptix Myocam detection system. Quercetin reduced I Ca-L in a concentration-dependent fashion with ahalf-maximal inhibitory concentration of 4.67 × 10 –4 M. Quercetin also shifted the current–voltage curve upwards,moved the activation and inactivation curves to the left andinhibited the amplitude of the cell shortening and Ca 2+ transients. The results showed that quercetin acts as a LTCCinhibitor and exerts a cardioprotective eff ect by inhibitingCa 2+ infl ux and contractility in rats.