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Development of Cr cold spray – coated fuel cladding with enhanced accident tolerance
Martin Seve cek,Anil Gurgen,Arunkumar Seshadri,Yifeng Che,Malik Wagih,Bren Phillips,Victor Champagne,Koroush Shirvan 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.2
Accident-tolerant fuels (ATFs) are currently of high interest to researchers in the nuclear industry and ingovernmental and international organizations. One widely studied accident-tolerant fuel concept ismultilayer cladding (also known as coated cladding). This concept is based on a traditional Zr-based alloy(Zircaloy-4, M5, E110, ZIRLO etc.) serving as a substrate. Different protective materials are applied to thesubstrate surface by various techniques, thus enhancing the accident tolerance of the fuel. This studyfocuses on the results of testing of Zircaloy-4 coated with pure chromium metal using the cold spray (CS)technique. In comparison with other deposition methods, e.g., Physical vapor deposition (PVD), lasercoating, or Chemical vapor deposition techniques (CVD), the CS technique is more cost efficient due tolower energy consumption and high deposition rates, making it more suitable for industry-scale production. The Cr-coated samples were tested at different conditions (500 C steam, 1200 C steam, andPressurized water reactor (PWR) pressurization test) and were precharacterized and postcharacterizedby various techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX), or nanoindentation; results are discussed. Results of the steady-state fuel performance simulationsusing the Bison code predicted the concept's feasibility. It is concluded that CS Cr coating has highpotential benefits but requires further optimization and out-of-pile and in-pile testing