Data-driven intelligent computational design for products: method, techniques, and applications

Yang Maolin,Jiang Pingyu,Zang Tianshuo,Liu Yuhao 한국CDE학회 2023 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.10 No.4

Data-driven intelligent computational design (DICD) is a research hotspot that emerged under fast-developing artificial intelligence. It emphasizes utilizing deep learning algorithms to extract and represent the design features hidden in historical or fabricated design process data and then learn the combination and mapping patterns of these design features for design solution retrieval, generation, optimization, evaluation, etc. Due to its capability of automatically and efficiently generating design solutions and thus supporting human-in-the-loop intelligent and innovative design activities, DICD has drawn the attention of both academic and industrial fields. However, as an emerging research subject, many unexplored issues still limit the development and application of DICD, such as specific dataset building, engineering design-related feature engineering, systematic methods and techniques for DICD implementation in the entire product design process, etc. In this regard, a systematic and operable road map for DICD implementation from a full-process perspective is established, including a general workflow for DICD project planning, an overall framework for DICD project implementation, the common mechanisms and calculation principles during DICD, key enabling technologies for detailed DICD implementation, and three case scenarios of DICD application. The road map can help academic researchers to locate their specific research directions for the further development of DICD and provide operable guidance for the engineers in their specific DICD applications.

PSCArs2294008 T polymorphism increases the risk of bladder cancer in Bai, Dai, and Han ethnicity in China and a potential mechanism

Junfeng Yang,Wei Li,Zhuorui Zhang,Jie Shen,Ningnan Zhang,Min Yang,Maolin Yang,Yanhong Yu 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.5

The aim of this study is to make a comparative evaluation on association of PSCArs2294008 C/T polymorphism with the risk of bladder cancer in Bai, Dai, and Han people in China. A potential mechanism of the T allele risk was also investigated. T allele increased the occurring risk of bladder cancer in Han (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.17–1.69), Dai, (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.12–1.70), and Bai (OR 1.14; 95% CI 1.08–1.57) people. T genotype was also observed to associate with invasive bladder cancer in all the three populations (Bai, OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.07–1.87; Dai, OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.05–2.23; Han, OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.10–2.09). PSCA m-RNA levels in T genotype bladder cancer tissues were significantly lower than those in C genotype. An enhancement of PSCA m-RNA level by over-expressing C or T genotype in bladder cancer cells both decreased the cell proliferation and migration, but not affected cell cycle. The increased cell apoptasis due to the over-expression of the two variants was observed. Those change of cell proliferation, migration, and apoptasis was more remarkable in over-expressed C genotype cells than those in over-expressed T genotype. T genotype was genetically high risk to the occurrence of bladder cancer. The decreased PSCA m-RNA levels were involved in the progress of bladder cancer. T allele takes more responsibility for PSCA m-RNA down-regulation to promote cell proliferation and migration and hinder cell apoptasis, thus leading to a higher risk.

Landslide susceptibility mapping at Gongliu county, China using artificial neural network and weight of evidence models

Qiqing Wang,Wenping Li,Maolin Xing,Yanli Wu,Yabing Pei,Dongdong Yang,Hanying Bai 한국지질과학협의회 2016 Geosciences Journal Vol.20 No.5

The aim of this study was to apply and to verify the use of artificial neural network (ANN) and weight of evidence (WoE) models to landslide susceptibility mapping in the Gongliu county, China, using a geographic information system (GIS). For this aim, in this study, a landslide inventory map was prepared using earlier reports and aerial photographs as well as by carrying out field surveys. A total of 163 landslides (70% out of 233 detected landslides) were randomly selected for model training, and the remaining 70 landslides (30%) were used for the model validation. Then, a total number of twelve landslide conditioning factors, such as slope angle, slope aspect, general curvature, plan curvature, profile curvature, altitude, distance to rivers, distance to roads, lithology, rainfall, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and sediment transport index (STI), were used in the analysis. Landslide hazardous areas were analyzed and mapped using the landslide-occurrence factors by ANN and WoE models. Finally the output maps were validated using the area under the curve (AUC) method. The validation results showed that the ANN model with a success rate of 82.51% and predictive accuracy of 77.31% performs better than WoE (success rate, 79.82%; predictive accuracy, 74.59%) model. Overall, both models showed almost similar results. Therefore, the two landslide susceptibility maps obtained were successful and can be useful for preliminary general land use planning and hazard mitigation purpose.

Review of the Latest Research on Snake Robots Focusing on the Structure, Motion and Control Method

Junseong Bae,Myeongjin Kim,Bongsub Song,Junmo Yang,Donghyun Kim,Dongwon Yun,Maolin Jin 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.10

Unlike other types of robots, the snake robot performs unique motions and can move on various terrains such as gravel, stairs, and pipes. Therefore, snake robots are used as exploration robots, rescue robots, and disaster robots. However, the snake robot requires to choose actuators, sensors, and controllers appropriately for overcoming the real environment by using various types of gait. In this paper, we summarized research trends of snake robots for understanding the state of the art technologies of snake robots. We focused on the various development of the snake robots based on previous snake robots’ literature. To look more closely at these research trends, we introduced trends of motion, actuators, sensors, kinematic structure design, control method and application that are related with the snake robots. Snake robots can conduct several motions such as sine wave, side winding, rolling, and so on. These motions are generated by servo motors, DC motors, pneumatic actuators, and smart materials like SMA, IPMC, etc. Also, snake robots require certain data from sensors and proper kinematic structure design to achieve their purposes of operation. Sensors such as camera, force sensor, distance sensor, and kinematic structure design such as passive wheel and motorized wheel can be applied in snake robot for implementing the function or increasing the driving performance. Based on these physical components, the control method is important for operating the snake robot. Navigating algorithms and overcoming terrains with restrictions on movement have been studied with a various control methods.

LysRS Serves as a Key Signaling Molecule in the Immune Response by Regulating Gene Expression

Yannay-Cohen, Nurit,Carmi-Levy, Irit,Kay, Gillian,Yang, Christopher Maolin,Han, Jung Min,Kemeny, D. Michael,Kim, Sunghoon,Nechushtan, Hovav,Razin, Ehud Elsevier 2009 Molecular cell Vol.34 No.5

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS) was found to produce diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap<SUB>4</SUB>A) in vitro more than two decades ago. Here, we used LysRS silencing in mast cells in combination with transfected normal and mutated LysRS to demonstrate in vivo the critical role played by LysRS in the production of Ap<SUB>4</SUB>A in response to immunological challenge. Upon such challenge, LysRS was phosphorylated on serine 207 in a MAPK-dependent manner, released from the multisynthetase complex, and translocated into the nucleus. We previously demonstrated that LysRS forms a complex with MITF and its repressor Hint-1, which is released from the complex by its binding to Ap<SUB>4</SUB>A, enabling MITF to transcribe its target genes. Here, silencing LysRS led to reduced Ap<SUB>4</SUB>A production in immunologically activated cells, which resulted in a lower level of MITF inducible genes. Our data demonstrate that specific LysRS serine 207 phosphorylation regulates Ap<SUB>4</SUB>A production in immunologically stimulated mast cells, thus implying that LysRS is a key mediator in gene regulation.</P>