http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Next generation antibody therapeutics:
Thi Thu Ha Nguyen,Xuelian Bai,Hyunbo Shim 한국구조생물학회 2015 Biodesign Vol.3 No.4
A new generation of therapeutic antibody technologies has emerged last decade, most notable among which are bispecific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates. Traditional monoclonal antibodies recognize a single target molecule and exert their therapeutic activity by neutralizing the target and/or through the effector functions. On the other hand, bispecific antibodies of various formats are able to bind two different targets simultaneously. Two major approaches to harness their bispecific binding activity for therapeutic application are being pursued: recruitment of immune effector cells to the diseased cells, and simultaneous/synergistic neutralization of two disease-causing molecules. Antibody-drug conjugates are disease-targeting monoclonal antibodies chemically conjugated to a highly cytotoxic compound. The internalization of the conjugate by endocytosis and subsequent release of the cytotoxin result in a potent and selective cytotoxic activity against cancerous target cells. Optimization of the drug, linker, and conjugation chemistry is a major technological challenge in developing antibody-drug conjugates. Despite their relatively recent emergence and technological difficulties, a few examples of these novel therapeutic modalities have been successfully developed and commercialized, and many others are in the late stages of clinical development. In this review, the background and the current status of technological development in this field is discussed, with emphasis on the detailed molecular design of these molecules.
Kinetics of polyvinyl butyral hydrolysis in ethanol/water solutions
Wenwen Luan,Chunyu Wang,Zuoxiang Zeng,Weilan Xue,Xuelian He,Yu Bai 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.9
The hydrolysis kinetics of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) was studied in ethanol/water mixed solvents in the temperature range of 339.15-355.15 K, and a three-step hypothesis was proposed to describe the hydrolysis process. The influences of stirring speed, ethanol content and temperature on the hydrolysis of PVB were investigated, and an induction period (IP) phenomenon was found in the process of PVB hydrolysis. The ethanol content in the mixed solvents has a great influence on IP, which is due to the formation of the two kinds of water-ethanol clusters in the system. Temperature influences the IP by changing the catalytic activity of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HH) on the hydrolysis of PVB. The shrinking core models with three controlling steps were used to fit the kinetic data, and the results indicate that the model controlled by chemical reaction is suitable to describe the kinetic behavior of PVB hydrolysis.