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Cuprous Oxide Films with Hollow Cubic Cage Structure for Nonenzymatic Glucose Detection
Fang Sun,Lehong Xing,Xihui Yang,Hailiang Huang,Lina Ning 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.4
In this study, CuO films with hollow cubic cages were prepared by a facile two-step procedure consisting of electrodeposition synthesis and subsequent direct calcination. First, Cu2O nanocubes were fabricated on ITO substrate through a simple electrodeposition procedure. Then, Cu2O nanocubes were converted to CuO hollow cubic cages without obvious morphological change through direct calcination. The obtained CuO cubic cages serving as active materials illustrated a favorable performance for nonenzymatic glucose sensing with high sensitivity of 2117.44 μA mM -1 cm -2 at a low applied potential of 0.50 V, fast-response time (less than 3 s), low detection limit of 1.0 μM and wide linear range up from 2.0 μM to 1.0 mM (R2 = 0.9983). Moreover, the good selectivity of the CuO cubic cages-based nonenzymatic glucose sensor against electroactive compounds such as ascorbic acid, uric acid and dopamine were also demonstrated. These good features indicate that the as-prepared CuO cubic cages can be used as promising electrode materials, which have a great potential in the development of sensitive and selective nonenzymatic glucose sensors.
Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Double-Barrel Distributor for Air Conditioner
CHI ZHANG,Dandong Wang,JIANGPING CHEN,Xihui Sun 대한설비공학회 2015 International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.23 No.3
Flow mal-distribution of refrigerant in small diameter tube heat exchangers is a great concern, which may lead to a 25% efficiency loss. Two-phase refrigerant distributors are set before evaporators to separate refrigerant into parallel paths uniformly. In this paper, a new type of distributor with two barrels is proposed. Experimental test and numerical simulation were both carried out to evaluate the performance and to understand internal hydrodynamic flow behavior. Compared with the previous distributor, it is found that the double-barrel distributor with proper parameters performs better. The relative error between experimental and simulation results is less than 15%, which proves the reliability of the established simulation model. Computation fluid dynamics (CFD) calculation indicates that the distribution performance is improved with properly larger bottom and top barrel diameters. With the increase of the bottom barrel diameter, bene¯cial reflux of refrigerant occurs in bottom barrel and when top barrel diameter is larger, little refrigerant flows directly into outlet capillary tubes without mixture or reflux. In addition, parameters such as top barrel diameter, top barrel height, bottom barrel diameter, bottom barrel height, mass flow rate and quality are studied by Taguchi Method to analyze the parameter sensitivity. The effect of the parameters listed below ranges from biggest to smallest: mass flow rate, bottom barrel height, quality, top barrel height, bottom barrel diameter and independent top barrel diameter. An optimized two-barrel distributor is achieved with proper top and bottom barrel diameters and larger bottom and top barrel heights.