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Oxidation of polystyrene aerosols by VUV-photolysis and/or ozone
Vicente, Jose Salas,Gejo, Juan Lopez,Rothenbacher, Sonja,Sarojiniamma, Sumalekshmy,Gogritchiani, Eliso,Worner, Michael,Kasper, Gerhard,Braun, Andre M. Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.7
Aerosols of submicron polystyrene particles were oxidized by either vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation in the presence of molecular oxygen ($O_2$) and/or by ozone ($O_3$). Different degrees of oxidation and oxidative degradation were reached by VUV-photolysis depending on radiant energy, $O_2$ and $H_2O$ concentrations in the bulk gas mixture as well as on particle diameter. The same functionalization was obtained by exposing the aerosol to $O_3$, however, oxidation, in particular oxidative degradation, was less efficient. The evolution of hydroxyl and carbonyl functions introduced was quantified by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy of filtered particles, and oxidative degradation of the polymer particles was confirmed by determining size and number of aerosol particles before and after oxidation. Efficiency analyses are based on the results of an $O_3$ actinometry and on an evaluation of the rate of absorbed photons by the aerosol particles in function of their size.
Salehifar, Mehdi,Arashloo, Ramin Salehi,Eguilaz, Manuel Moreno,Sala, Vicent The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.1
The voltage-source inverters (VSI) supplying a motor drive are prone to open transistor faults. To address this issue in fault-tolerant drives applicable to electric vehicles, a new open transistor fault diagnosis (FD) method is presented in this paper. According to the proposed method, in order to define the FD index, the phase angle of the converter output current is estimated by a simple trigonometric function. The proposed FD method is adaptable, simple, capable of detecting multiple open switch faults and robust to load operational variations. Keeping the FD in mind as a mandatory part of the fault tolerant control algorithm, the FD block is applied to a five-phase converter supplying a multiphase fault-tolerant PM motor drive with non-sinusoidal unbalanced current waveforms. To investigate the performance of the FD technique, the fault-tolerant sliding mode control (SMC) of a five-phase brushless direct current (BLDC) motor is developed in this paper with the embedded FD block. Once the theory is explained, experimental waveforms are obtained from a five-phase BLDC motor to show the effectiveness of the proposed FD method. The FD algorithm is implemented on a field programmable gate array (FPGA).
Mehdi Salehifar,Ramin Salehi Arashloo,Manuel Moreno Eguilaz,Vicent Sala 전력전자학회 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.1
The voltage-source inverters (VSI) supplying a motor drive are prone to open transistor faults. To address this issue in faulttolerant drives applicable to electric vehicles, a new open transistor fault diagnosis (FD) method is presented in this paper. According to the proposed method, in order to define the FD index, the phase angle of the converter output current is estimated by a simple trigonometric function. The proposed FD method is adaptable, simple, capable of detecting multiple open switch faults and robust to load operational variations. Keeping the FD in mind as a mandatory part of the fault tolerant control algorithm, the FD block is applied to a five-phase converter supplying a multiphase fault-tolerant PM motor drive with nonsinusoidal unbalanced current waveforms. To investigate the performance of the FD technique, the fault-tolerant sliding mode control (SMC) of a five-phase brushless direct current (BLDC) motor is developed in this paper with the embedded FD block. Once the theory is explained, experimental waveforms are obtained from a five-phase BLDC motor to show the effectiveness of the proposed FD method. The FD algorithm is implemented on a field programmable gate array (FPGA).