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      • FDI THEORIES AND PRACTICE: THE CASE OF KOREA

        Trevor Crick,Suk H Kim,Jane Oh People&Global Business Association 1998 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.3 No.1

        Prior to the Asian financial crisis of July, 1997, the Republic of Korea was the second industrialized country in Asia and joined the OECD in 1996, at that time its latest policy was to encourage Korean firms to invest abroad, recognizing a reduced role of its past successful export-oriented strategy. This paper attempts to find empirically the underlying motives for Korean FDI in the United States as well as for U.S. FD! in Korea. Data were gathered from a questionnaire survey of 63 Koreans (firm-owners, business professors, and Consuls) and 192 international business executives of U.S. companies that have invested in Korea. The results of the study show that: a) Korea seems to be in the final stage of the investment development cycle, b) Korean firms possess ownership-specific advantages in technology with respect to a number of key industries, c) they were motivated to exploit some location-specific advantages, and d) the pattern of Korean outward investment may suggest the value of Dunning's eclectic approach. For U.S. FDI in Korea, the two top motivations were "penetration in a growing market" and "anticipation of relatively higher profits." Lastly, to what extent the impact of Korean FDI as well as foreign investment in Korea in the past is linked to the recent Korean financial crisis is a very interesting area for future research.

      • REASONS FOR DOING BUSINESS WITH NORTH KOREA

        Trevor Crick,Suk Hi Kim,Eugene Swinnerton People&Global Business Association 2004 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.9 No.1

        Loss of allies in the early 1990s, consecutive floods in 1995 and 1996, and a severe drought in 1997 shrunk the North Korean economy. While North Korea had gradually reformed its troubled economic system in the 1990s, these measures were limited and different from market-oriented reform. Inter-Korean relations have improved significantly since the historical encounter of two Korean leaders on June 13, 2000. In July 2002, North Korea introduced liberalization measures, the most significant since the start of communist rule in I 948 (French, 2002). The conventional explanation for this sudden reversal of North Korean economic policy is that it is desperate for external economic assistance and investment. Such an open-door policy creates opportunities and challenges for foreign governments, companies, and individuals. This paper discusses reasons to do business with North Korea, entry modes of North Korean markets, differences in management style between Western and Asian corporations, and political risk analysis.

      • THE KOREAN FINANCIAL CRISIS OF 1997: CAUSES AND POLICY RESPONSES

        Suk H Kim,Trevor Crick,George Ogum People&Global Business Association 2000 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.5 No.2

        For three decades, Korea was held up as an economic icon. The country's typical blend of high savings and investment rates, autocratic political systems, export-oriented businesses, restricted domestic markets, government capital allocation, and controlled financial systems were hailed as ideal ingredients for the strong economic growth of developing countries (Shapiro, 1999). However, in July 1997, a currency turmoil erupted in Thailand, spreading to Korea and other countries. This article investigates a number of practical issues about the Korean crisis of 1997-interlinked economies, the causes of the crisis, and policy responses.

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