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Tiikkaja, Maria,Aro, Aapo L.,Alanko, Tommi,Lindholm, Harri,Sistonen, Heli,Hartikainen, Juha E.K.,Toivonen, Lauri,Juutilainen, Jukka,Hietanen, Maila Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2013 Safety and health at work Vol.4 No.3
Background: Cardiac pacemakers are known to be susceptible to strong electromagnetic fields (EMFs). This in vivo study investigated occurrence of electromagnetic interference with pacemakers caused by common environmental sources of EMFs. Methods: Eleven volunteers with a pacemaker were exposed to EMFs produced by two mobile phone base stations, an electrically powered commuter train, and an overhead high voltage transmission lines. All the pacemakers were programmed in normal clinically selected settings with bipolar sensing and pacing configurations. Results: None of the pacemakers experienced interference in any of these exposure situations. However, often it is not clear whether or not strong EMFs exist in various work environments, and hence an individual risk assessment is needed. Conclusions: Modern pacemakers are well shielded against external EMFs, and workers with a pacemaker can most often return to their previous work after having a pacemaker implanted. However, an appropriate risk assessment is still necessary after the implantation of a pacemaker, a change of its generator, or major modification of its programming settings.
ADVANCED MEASUREMENTS OF FIBER DIMENSIONS : NEW KAJAANI FIBERLAB
Tiikkaja,Esa,Kauppinen,Marko,Sopenlehto,Taina,Farrand,Nigel 강원대학교 부설 창강제지 기술연구소 1998 제지기술 Vol.- No.12
Valmet Automation has over 15 years experience in fiber analysis. The first true fiber length analyzer, KAJAANI FS-100, was introduced to the market in 1982. Later in 1987, the fully automatic KAJAANI FS-200 was launched and soon became the standard for fiber length measurement. The on-line KAJAANI FSA analyzer, based on FS-200 technology, arrived in mills during 1993. The unique KAJAANI FiberLab analyzer is now set to write the next chapter in the story of fiber characteristic analysis. The KAJAANI FiberLab combines the standardized fiber length measurement with new fiber width and cell wall thickness measurements. The unique accuracy of the KAJAANI FiberLab makes it equally suitable for research and as a standard production laboratory tool. Connected to the mill information system FiberLab can provide rapid fiber characteristics for faster process control decisions and valuable data for efficient fiber utilization.
Maria Tiikkaja,Aapo L. Aro,Tommi Alanko,Harri Lindholm,Heli Sistonen,Juha E.K. Hartikainen,Lauri Toivonen,Jukka Juutilainen,Maila Hietanen 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2013 Safety and health at work Vol.4 No.3
Background: Cardiac pacemakers are known to be susceptible to strong electromagnetic fields (EMFs). This in vivo study investigated occurrence of electromagnetic interference with pacemakers caused by common environmental sources of EMFs. Methods: Eleven volunteers with a pacemaker were exposed to EMFs produced by two mobile phone base stations, an electrically powered commuter train, and an overhead high voltage transmission lines. All the pacemakers were programmed in normal clinically selected settings with bipolar sensing and pacing configurations. Results: None of the pacemakers experienced interference in any of these exposure situations. However, often it is not clear whether or not strong EMFs exist in various work environments, and hence an individual risk assessment is needed. Conclusions: Modern pacemakers are well shielded against external EMFs, and workers with a pacemaker can most often return to their previous work after having a pacemaker implanted. However, an appropriate risk assessment is still necessary after the implantation of a pacemaker, a change of its generator, or major modification of its programming settings.