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Xylella fastidiosa in Europe: From the Introduction to the Current Status
Vojislav Trkulja(Vojislav Trkulja ),Andrija Tomić(Andrija Tomić ),Renata Iličić(Renata Iličić ),Miloš Nožinić(Miloš Nožinić ),Tatjana Popović Milovanović(Tatjana Popović Milovanović ) 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.6
Xylella fastidiosa is xylem-limited bacterium capable of infecting a wide range of host plants, resulting in Pierce's disease in grapevine, citrus variegated chlorosis, olive quick decline syndrome, peach phony disease, plum leaf scald, alfalfa dwarf, margin necrosis and leaf scorch affecting oleander, coffee, almond, pecan, mulberry, red maple, oak, and other types of cultivated and ornamental plants and forest trees. In the European Union, X. fastidiosa is listed as a quarantine organism. Since its first outbreak in the Apulia region of southern Italy in 2013 where it caused devastating disease on Olea europaea (called olive leaf scorch and quick decline), X. fastidiosa continued to spread and successfully established in some European countries (Corsica and PACA in France, Balearic Islands, Madrid and Comunitat Valenciana in Spain, and Porto in Portugal). The most recent data for Europe indicates that X. fastidiosa is present on 174 hosts, 25 of which were newly identified in 2021 (with further five hosts discovered in other parts of the world in the same year). From the six reported subspecies of X. fastidiosa worldwide, four have been recorded in European countries (fastidiosa, multiplex, pauca, and sandyi). Currently confirmed X. fastidiosa vector species are Philaenus spumarius, Neophilaenus campestris, and Philaenus italosignus, whereby only P. spumarius (which has been identified as the key vector in Apulia, Italy) is also present in Americas. X. fastidiosa control is currently based on pathogen-free propagation plant material, eradication, territory demarcation, and vector control, as well as use of resistant plant cultivars and bactericidal treatments.
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Žarko Ivanović,Tatjana Perović,Tatjana Popović,Jovana Blagojević,Nenad Trkulja,Snježana Hrnčić 한국식물병리학회 2017 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.33 No.1
Citrus blast caused by bacterium Pseudomonas syringaeis a very important disease of citrus occuring inmany areas of the world, but with few data about geneticstructure of the pathogen involved. Consideringthe above fact, this study reports genetic characterizationof 43 P. syringae isolates obtained from planttissue displaying citrus blast symptoms on mandarin(Citrus reticulata) in Montenegro, using multilocus sequenceanalysis of gyrB, rpoD, and gap1 gene sequences. Gene sequences from a collection of 54 referencepathotype strains of P. syringae from the Plant Associatedand Environmental Microbes Database (PAMDB)was used to establish a genetic relationship with ourisolates obtained from mandarin. Phylogenetic analysesof gyrB, rpoD, and gap1 gene sequences showedthat P. syringae pv. syringae causes citrus blast inmandarin in Montenegro, and belongs to genomospecies1. Genetic homogeneity of isolates suggested thatthe Montenegrian population might be clonal whichindicates a possible common source of infection. Thesefindings may assist in further epidemiological studiesof this pathogen and for determining mandarin breedingstrategies for P. syringae control.
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