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Anna Christi SUWARDI 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2016 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 학술대회자료집 Vol.2016 No.1
In Aceh-Indonesia, it has been a decade peace achieved after two conflicted parties signing Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) Helsinki at August 15, 2005 between Government of Indonesia (Gol) and Free Aceh Movement / Gerakan Aceh Meredeka (GAM), which was facilitated by Crisis Management Initiative (CMI). Nevertheless, this peace agreement was forgotten about the role of female combatants named Inong Bale. Since the most challenging phase in peace is reintegration due to complexity and long term process, unfortunately MoU did not put the gender based sensitivity as the part of decision making on peace agreement. Here is the reintegration program policies began with gender injustice against female ex-combatant who did not mentioned dearly as a beneficiaries of reintegration program benefits. MoU was not accommodated and recognized the role of female combatant in the context of Aceh’s conflict. Strongly related with DEEP (Dialogue, Empathic, Engagement and Peacebuilding) missions especially in promoting sustainable peacebuilding where I myself have affiliated, this paper tries to criticiz ethe peace policies which do harm to Inong Bale and seeking the evidence of the role of women movement in post conflict area. Since Inong Bale’s experiences shown uniquely their double burdens in conflict. When peace comes have not suddenly give them real justice, make it seems dilemma between bless and disappoint. They are still suffering from any social and economic challenging. However, peacebuilding must be strengthening in Aceh’s everyday life. As what MoU’s preamble mentioned that peace in Aceh is presented for dignity of all. The scheme of women movement is strongly recommended to come as tools to assist female ex-combatants reintegration processes. Moreover I dedicate this paper for respecting Inong Bale’s stories and experiences during conflict as an effort to recording and recognizing women’s role in peacebuilding.
TARIGAN, Harimin,MATONDANG, Abdul Rahim,LUBIS, Suwardi,SIROJUZILAM, Sirojuzilam Korea Distribution Science Association 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.3
This research aims to examine the influence of road transportation infrastructure on the mobility of goods transport and the regional economy in Langkat Regency in Indonesia. This type of research is an associative and explanatory research whose data is obtained through a questionnaire survey. This study took a sample of 305 respondents using probability sampling in Langkat Regency, North Sumatera, Indonesia. Data analysis techniques use path analysis. The research results showed that the road transportation infrastructure variables had a significant and positive effect on the mobility of goods transport. Road transportation infrastructure and freight mobility simultaneously have a significant and positive effect on the economy of Langkat Regency. Road transportation infrastructure with the dimensions of road accessibility and maintenance partially directly has a significant and positive effect on the economy of the Langkat Regency. Road transportation infrastructure with the dimensions of road design and road construction quality partially does not have a direct effect on the regional economy, but has a positive and significant effect through the mobility of freight transport. The mobility of goods transport becomes an intervening variable that acts to mediate or determine the relationship between road transportation infrastructure variables to the regional economy.