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Policy Development of Pre-Participatory Screening Procedure for Fitness Industry
Ramon Luis Sodano,Yong Chae Rhee,김유겸 한국체육학회 2017 International journal of human movement science Vol.11 No.1
Currently, there is no established policy concerning injury reduction within sport and recreation programs such as personal training, small group training, sport club participation/training, or group fitness. This poses a problem as the injury is an inherent part of these programs. The purpose of this study is to develop a consensus building model among ten experts in the field of sport and recreation via a three round Delphi study. This was done to ascertain what the proper implementation strategy may be if experts were to implement pre-participatory screening procedures as a policy for such programs. Consensus - 80% of the experts' votes falling between 2 points on a 7-point Likert scale - was reached on a series of factors which illustrated that the experimental implementation model of the Ambiguity-Conflict Model of policy implementation would be most appropriate. Factors included: sport managers having a shared goal in wanting to reduce injury, that this goal was rooted in protecting and benefiting the participant, that the means to achieve this goal are ambiguous, and that there is no conflict amongst managers in wanting to identify a means to achieve this goal.
Marine Bioinspired Underwater Contact Adhesion
Clancy, Sean K.,Sodano, Antonio,Cunningham, Dylan J.,Huang, Sharon S.,Zalicki, Piotr J.,Shin, Seunghan,Ahn, B. Kollbe American Chemical Society 2016 Biomacromolecules Vol.17 No.5
<P>Marine mussels and barnacles are sessile biofouling organisms that adhere to a number of surfaces in wet environments and maintain remarkably strong bonds. Previous synthetic approaches to mimic biological wet adhesive properties have focused mainly on the catechol moiety, present in mussel foot proteins (mfps), and especially rich in the interfacial mfps, for example, mfp-3 and -5, found at the interface between the mussel plaque and substrate. Barnacles, however, do not use Dopa for their wet adhesion, but are instead rich in noncatecholic aromatic residues. Due to this anomaly, we were intrigued to study the initial contact adhesion properties of copolymerized acrylate films containing the key functionalities of barnacle cement proteins and interfacial mfps, for example, aromatic (catecholic or noncatecholic), cationic, anionic, and nonpolar residues. The initial wet contact adhesion of the copolymers was measured using a probe tack testing apparatus with a flat-punch contact geometry. The wet contact adhesion of an optimized, bioinspired copolymer film was similar to 15.0 N/cm(2) in deionized water and similar to 9.0 N/cm(2) in artificial seawater, up to 150 times greater than commercial pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) tapes (similar to 0.1 N/cm(2)). Furthermore, maximum wet contact adhesion was obtained at similar to pH 7, suggesting viability for biomedical applications.</P>