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        Additive/subtractive hybrid manufacturing of 316L stainless steel powder: Densification, microhardness and residual stress

        Yuying Yang,Yadong Gong,Shuoshuo Qu,Bo Xin,Yunchao Xu,Yang Qi 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.12

        316L stainless steel specimens were manufactured by additive/subtractive hybrid manufacturing (ASHM). The densification level, microstructure, microhardness and residual stress characterization in the different zones of the part were investigated. The density was determined by the Archimedes method, and the density measurement was divided into three regions, namely, the bottom, middle and top zones. The results show that the middle zone has a much smoother melting surface and that a relative density of nearly 100 % was achieved for the part in this study. The hardness profiles at room temperature, along the width and height directions of the cross-section of the top and bottom zones, were also studied. The residual stress was evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the 316L SS specimen fabricated by the ASHM process, and it was compared with a specimen manufactured by the additive laser directed energy deposition (DED) process. The results show that the top and bottom zones exhibit tensile stress, and compressive stress occurs in the middle area. Moreover, the residual stress of ASHM shows a slightly smaller trend than that of the simplex DED due to the stress relaxation of the subsequent subtractive milling. These results may offer guidance for ASHM-fabricated 316L parts.

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