A novel role for bone-derived cells in ankylosing spondylitis: Focus on IL-23

Jo, Sungsin,Koo, Bon San,Lee, Bitnara,Kwon, Eunji,Lee, Young Lim,Chung, Heekyoung,Sung, Il-Hoon,Park, Ye-Soo,Kim, Tae-Hwan Elsevier 2017 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The main aim of this study are to explore the role of bone-derived cells (BdCs) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and determine the underlying molecular mechanisms of IL-23 production. Primary BdCs were isolated from diced bone of facet joints obtained during surgery from seven AS patients and seven disease control (Ct) patients. Osteoblastic activity of BdCs was assessed by measuring their alkaline phosphatase activity and by alizarin red staining. Osteoblast and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes were assessed by quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. In addition, expression of IL-23 in response to BIX (selective BIP inducer X)-induced ER stress was evaluated by qPCR and ELISA. Protein interaction and binding to IL-23 promoter were confirmed by Immunoprecipitation and Chromatin immunoprecipitation, respectively. Transcript levels of genes involved in osteoblast function, as well as of the ER stress marker were higher in the AS group than the Ct group, and elevated RUNX2, BiP and IL-23 expression were observed in the BdCs, serum, and bone biopsies from the AS group. BIX-induced ER stress stimulated osteoblastic activity and IL-23 secretion by upregulating RUNX2 expression. Furthermore, in AS BdCs, RUNX2 interacted with C/EBPβ to bind to IL-23 promoter and RUNX2 knockdown suppressed IL-23 secretion. These finding may provide a molecular mechanism involved in sustained ER stress in AS BdCs stimulates the activation of RUNX2 and C/EBPβ genes, leading to IL-23 production.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Bones and its-derived cells from patients with AS showed an increase in ER stress. </LI> <LI> IL-23 cytokine was significantly higher in AS patients than in healthy controls. </LI> <LI> Inducing ER stress in AS exhibited an increase of bone-related genes. </LI> <LI> Inducing ER stress in AS was accompanied with augmentation of IL-23 cytokine. </LI> <LI> ER stress-induced RUNX2 is involved in IL-23 secretion and bone-related genes. </LI> </UL> </P>

Biological activities of a Water-soluble Polysaccharide(CPS) from Korean Capsosiphon fulvescens

Na, Ye Seul,Woo Jung Kim,Sung Min Kim,Yean Kyoung Koo,Hye Sook Yun,Yong-Il Park 한국당과학회 2009 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.1

Seaweed extracts have recently been found to have biological activities including effects on the immune system, anticoagulant system, cancer, etc. Capsosiphon fulvescens is a green alga that is widely distributed in the Southern coastal area of Korea. Crude polysaccharides were obtained from this seaweed collected at a coastal area of Wando, Korea, mainly by dilute acid extraction, ethanol precipitation and CaCl2 precipitation. It was further purified by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography and its chemical composition, structural analysis, immunostimulating activity, anticoagulation activity, anticancer activity and osteogenesis was determined. From HPLC analysis molecular mass of this polysaccharide was determined to be approximately 385 kDa. Elemental analysis of CPS, The estimation of only four elements, that is carbon(31.9398% w/w), hydrogen(4.9022% w/w), nitrogen(0.6318% w/w) and sulfur(6.2166% w/w), was undertaken. CPS stimulated the production of TNF-α to a level 80 times greater than the normal. Also CPS induced IL-6 secretion from RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, Cf–PS treatment increased the expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the inducible form of nitric oxide (iNOS). The CPS could significantly increase anticoagulant activity, which was especially characterized by activated partial thrombloplastin time (APTT) and thrombloplatin time (TT). Two hundred ug/ml of CPS delayed the APTT up to 61 s. And TT of CPS reached up to 32 s. MTT assay showed that the CPS significantly inhibited the proliferation of cultured human MKN-45 gastric cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Also nitrite plays an important role in the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamine. One percentage of CPS eliminated the nitrite up to approximately 50%. CPS plays a role for osteoblastic bone metastasis by promoting both osteoblasts proliferation and apoptosis of osteoclasts. One mg/ml of CPS increased the osteoblast cell growth up to approximately 150% and decreased the osteoclast cell growth up to approximately 60% by induction of apoptosis.

Recovery of ionic liquid and sugars from hydrolyzed biomass using ion exclusion simulated moving bed chromatography

Mai, Ngoc Lan,Nguyen, Nam Trung,Kim, Jin-Il,Park, Hyuk-Min,Lee, Sung-Kyun,Koo, Yoon-Mo Elsevier 2012 Journal of Chromatography A Vol.1227 No.-

<P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Ionic liquid was successfully separated from aqueous sugar mixtures by ion exclusion SMB. ► Ionic liquid and sugar recovery yield depend on the SMB zone flow rates. ► Complete recovery of ionic liquid could be obtained by optimization of SMB zone configuration.</P> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Efficient recovery of ionic liquid (IL) from aqueous mixture of ILs and sugars (which derived from enzymatic or chemical catalyzed hydrolysis of ILs-pretreated biomass) is a major drawback for commercialization of biofuel and platform chemicals production from biomass utilized ILs as pretreatment solvent. In this study, simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography equipped with ion exclusion column (containing [Emim]<SUP>+</SUP> cation) was investigated to separate sugars (glucose and xylose) which are the main products from biomass hydrolysate and 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EmimAc) which is the ILs used for biomass pretreatment. A four-zone SMB system with a configuration of 2-2-2-2 (2 ion exclusion columns in each zone) was used to recover glucose, xylose and EmimAc from their aqueous mixture with yield of 71.38, 99.37 and 98.92%, respectively. Moreover, the optimization of SMB zone configuration by simulation results in a complete recovery of ILs. This result indicates that for the first time, ion exclusion SMB chromatography could be used for complete recovery of ILs from aqueous sugar mixture.</P>

FK506과 cyclosporin A가 기관지상피세포, 단핵구, 림프구 및 폐포대식세포에서 $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ 분해 및 $IKK{\alpha}$ 활성에 미치는 효과

윤호일,이창훈,이희석,이춘택,김영환,한성구,심영수,유철규,Yoon, Ho Il,Lee, Chang-Hoon,Lee, Hee-Seok,Lee, Choon-Taek,Kim, Young Whan,Han, Sung Koo,Shim, Young-Soo,Yoo, Chul-Gyu 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2003 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.54 No.4

연구배경 : Cyclosporin A(CsA)와 tacrolimus(FK506)은 현재 임상에서 널리 쓰이는 면역억제제이다. CsA와 FK506이 $I{\kappa}B/NF-{\kappa}B$ 경로에 미치는 영향에는 세포에 따라 다양한 효과가 알려져 있다. 그러나 CsA와 FK506이 기관지 상피세포에서 $I{\kappa}B/NF-{\kappa}B$ 경로에 미치는 효과에 관해서는 알려져 있지 않고, 각종 염증 세포에서의 차이에 관해서도 보고가 미미한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 비염증세포인 기관지상피세포와, 폐의 염증에 중요한 역할을 하는 염증 세포(폐포대식세포, 단핵구, 림프구)에서 CsA와 FK506이 $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$의 분해에 미치는 영향과 그 기전을 평가하였다. 방 법 : 비염증세포로는 BEAS-2B와 A549 세포주를 이용하였다. FK506 또는 CsA 전처치 후 TNF-${\alpha}$로 자극하고 anti-$I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ 항체를 이용한 Western blot으로 $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$의 분해 여부를 관찰하였다. 염증세포로는 폐포대식세포, 말초혈액 단핵구 및 림프구를 이용하였고, 역시 FK506 또는 CsA 전처치 후 TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, LPS로 자극하고 anti-$I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ 항체를 이용한 Western blot으로 $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$의 분해 여부를 관찰하였다. IKK의 활성도는 GST-$I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$를 기질로 이용한 in vitro immune complex kinase assay로 평가하였다. 결 과 : 사용된 모든 세포에서 CsA와 FK506은 $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$의 발현에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 기관지 상피세포에서 TNF-${\alpha}$ 자극에 의한 $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$의 분해는 CsA의 전처치로 억제되었으나, FK506의 전처치로는 억제되지 않았다. 단핵구, 림프구 및 폐포대식세포에서 외부자극에 의한 $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$의 분해는 CsA 또는 FK506의 전처치로 억제되었으나 IKK활성은 억제되지 않았다. 결 론 : CsA와 FK506은 각각 기관지 상피세포와 단핵구, 림프구, 폐포대식세포에서 외부 자극에 의한 $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$의 분해를 억제하는데, 이는 IKK 활성화의 억제가 아닌 다른 경로를 통하는 것으로 생각된다. Background : Cyclosporin A(CsA) and tacrolimus(FK506) have been widely used as immunosuppressants. The effects of CsA, or FK506, on the $I{\kappa}B/NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway have been shown to vary according to the cell type. However, their effects on the $I{\kappa}B/NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway have not been reported in bronchial epithelial cells. In this study, the effects of CsA and FK506 on the $I{\kappa}B/NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway in bronchial epithelial cells, monocytes, lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages were evaluated. The relationship between their effects on the $I{\kappa}B/NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway and $I{\kappa}B$ kinase(IKK) activity was also investigated. Methods : BEAS-2B and A549 cells, pulmonary alveolar macrophages, peripheral blood monocytes and lymphocytes were used. The cells were pre-treated with CsA, or FK506, for various time periods, followed by stimulation with TNF-${\alpha}$, LPS or IL-$1{\beta}$. The $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ expressions were assayed by Western blot analyses. The IKK activity was evaluated by an in vitro immune complex kinase assay, using GST-$I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ as the substrate. Results : Neither CsA nor FK506 affected the level of $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ expression in any of the cell types used in this study. CsA pre-treatment inhibited the TNF ${\alpha}$-induced $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ degradation in bronchial epithelial cells. In contrast, the TNF ${\alpha}$-induced $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ degradation was not affected by FK506 pre-treatment. However, FK506 suppressed the cytokine-induced $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ degradation in the pulmonary alveolar macrophages, peripheral blood monocytes and lymphocytes. The inhibitory effect of CsA, or FK506, on $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ degradation was not related to IKK. Conclusions : CsA and FK506 suppressed the $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ degradation in bronchial epithelial cells, monocytes, lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages, so this may not be mediated through IKK.

사람 치은 섬유아세포에서의 Tannerella forsythia 전세균, 막단백질, 당지질에 의한 염증성 사이토카인 발현

김정은,이성훈,최봉규,구기태,김태일,이용무,구영,정종평,류인철,Kim, Jung-Eun,Lee, Sung-Hoon,Choi, Bong-Kyu,Koo, Ki-Tae,Kim, Tae-Il,Lee, Yong-Moo,Ku, Young,Chung, Chong-Pyoung,Rhyu, In-Chul 대한치주과학회 2008 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.38 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate induction of cytokine expression in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) by whole cell and the components of T. forsythia. Material and Methods: After HGFs were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), membrane protein isolated from T. forsythia or culture media of T. forsythia, the induction of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and IL-8 was examined with real-time PCR and ELISA. Their induction ability of cytokines was compared with whole bacteria. Result: The expression of IL-6 and IL-8 was significantly induced in HGFs by whole bacteria and membrane protein. The expression of IL-$1{\beta}$ was induced by membrane protein of T. forsythia, not by whole bacteria. LPS and condition media of T. forsythia slightly activated HGFs. Conclusion: The membrane protein of T. forsythia could be one of virulence factors.

Antigenieity Study of CFA-001,Cefazolin,a Cephalosperin Derivative Produced by an Enzymatic Semisynthesis

Park, Jong Il,Han, sang seop,Jeong, Tae Cheon,Roh, Jung Koo,Kim, Hyoung Chin,Kim, Jeong Hwan,Jeon, Yeong Joong,Kim, Dal Hyun,Kim,Je Hak,Park, Kwan Ha 한국응용약물학회 1997 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.5 No.1

The antigenic potential of CFA-001, cefazolin, a cephalosporin derivative produced by an enzymatic semisynthesis, was determined in Hartley guinea pigs. A battery of tests employed consisted of active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA), passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), and indirect hemagglutination test (IHA). The results were as follows: 1) In ASA, no signs attributable to anaphylaxis was observed in guinea pigs sensitized with CFA-001, whereas OVA-sensitized animals induced severe anaphylactic symptoms; 2) guinea pigs did not produce antibodies against CFA-001 when sensitized with or without Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) in homologous PCA tests. Meanwhile, antibodies against ovalbumin (OVA) were clearly detected; 3) No CFA-001-specific hemagglutination was observed in the IHA using sera obtained from CFA-001-sensitized guinea pigs. These results suggest that CFA-001 has no antigenicity potential in guinea pigs.

Identification and characterization of alternative promoters of the rice MAP kinase gene OsBWMK1

Koo, Sung Cheol,Choi, Man Soo,Chun, Hyun Jin,Park, Hyeong Cheol,Kang, Chang Ho,Shim, Sang In,Chung, Jong Il,Cheong, Yong Hwa,Lee, Sang Yeol,Yun, Dae-Jin,Chung, Woo Sik,Cho, Moo Je,Kim, Min Chul Springer-Verlag 2009 Molecules and cells Vol.27 No.4

<P>Our previous study suggested that OsBWMK1, a gene which encodes a member of the rice MAP kinase family, generates transcript variants which show distinct expression patterns in response to environmental stresses. The transcript variants are generated by alternative splicing and by use of alternative promoters. To test whether the two alternative promoters, pOsBWMK1L (promoter for the OsBWMK1L splice variant) and pOsBWMK1S (promoter for the OsBWMK1S splice variant), are biologically functional, we analyzed transgenic plants expressing GUS fusion constructs for each promoter. Both pOsBWMK1L and pOsBWMK1S are biologically active, although the activity of pOsBWMK1S is lower than that of pOsBWMK1L. Histochemical analysis revealed that pOsBWMK1L is constitutively active in most tissues at various developmental stages in rice and Arabidopsis, whereas pOsBWMK1S activity is spatially and temporally restricted. Furthermore, the expression of pOsBWMK1S::GUS was upregulated in response to hydrogen peroxide, a plant defense signaling molecule, in both plant species. These results suggest that the differential expression of OsBWMK1 splice variants is the result of alternative promoter usage and, moreover, that the mechanisms controlling OsBWMK1 gene expression are conserved in both monocot and dicot plants.</P>

Preparation of Fucoxanthin-Loaded Nanoparticles Composed of Casein and Chitosan with Improved Fucoxanthin Bioavailability

Koo, Song Yi,Mok, Il-Kyoon,Pan, Cheol-Ho,Kim, Sang Min American Chemical Society 2016 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.64 No.49

<P>To facilitate the utilization of fucoxanthin (FX), a valuable marine carotenoid, in the food industry, FX-loaded casein nanoparticles (FX-CN) and chitosan-coated FX-CN (FX-CS-CN) were developed using the FX-enriched fraction from Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Two nanoscale particles (237 +/- 13 nm for FX-CN and 277 +/- 26 nm for FX-CN-CN) with spherical and smooth surfaces showed over 71% encapsulation efficiency and polydispersity index (PDI) value of 0.31-0.39 in water. Owing to the chitosan coating, FX-CS-CN showed a positive zeta potential (24.00 mV), whereas that of FX-CN was negative (-12.87 mV). In vitro simulated digestion demonstrated better FX bioaccessibility from the nanoparticles versus P. tricornutum powder (Pt-powder) and from FX-CN versus FX-CS-CN. However, in C57BL/6 mice, fucoxanthinol absorption to the blood circulation was two times higher for FX-CS-CN versus FX-CN, possibly due to increased retention or adsorption to mucin by the cationic biopolymer in the chitosan-coated particles. These results demonstrate that FX-CS-CN can enable the application of FX, with improved bioavailability and water dispersibility, in the food industry.</P>

Analysis of corrosion on the Al(Cu 1%) surface using XPS

Sang-Gi Kim,Kyu-Ha Baek,Kwang-Ho Kwon,Chang-Il Kim,Jin Gun Koo,Kee-Soo Nam 한국진공학회 1997 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.- No.-

Cross resistance to seven acaricides and resistant gene frequency in acequinocyl- and pyridaben-resistant Tetanychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Sung-il Kim,Hyun Kyung Kim,Hyun-Na Koo,Gil-Hah Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, is a worldwide agricultural pest that invades a wide range of host crops and rapidly develops resistance to pesticides. T. urticae can be resistant to one acaricide or exhibit multiple resistances or cross resistance to various other acaricides. Acequinocyl inhibits respiration in mitochondria at the ubiquinol oxidation site (Q0) of Complex III of the electron transfer chain. Pyridaben is a METI acaricide that inhibits mitochondrial electron transport at complex I. In this study, we investigated the cross resistance to seven acaricides in acequinocyl- and pyridaben-resistant strain. Furthermore, the frequencies of the I256V and N321S mutations in mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) of pyridaben-resistant and fieldcollected strain was analyzed.