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A Study on What Native English Raters Called ‘Coherent’ Essays: Focusing on Conjunctions
Richard Moore,Kim, Hoe Kyeung,이상근 한국중원언어학회 2018 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.46
The notion of coherence has been criticized by many educators for its vagueness, especially, as a rating criterion. In an effort to investigate the nature of coherent texts, this study employed the service of 10 native English teachers to rate 33 argumentative essays on the sole criteria of coherence. After sorting out the essays as two groups, high- and low-ranked essays, we compared them, especially, in distribution of conjunctions, which have been known as coherence markers, to see the nature of what English native raters called coherent texts. The quantitative aspect of the study showed that high-ranked essays categorically used a wider range of conjunctions resulting in increased coherence. The qualitative aspect also demonstrated that high-ranked essays, differently from low-ranked essays, efficiently arranged four subtypes of conjunctions, which results in higher levels of coherence. This study thus not only gives a chance to peek into the way coherent texts are organized but also makes a very positive contribution to improving low-level ESL/EFL students’ writing skills.
( Dennis S. Chi ),( Nadeem R. Abu-Rustum ),( Yukio Sonoda ),( Joseph Ivy ),( Eunice Rhee B. A. ),( Kathleen Moore ),( Douglas A. Levine ),( Richard R. Barakat ) 대한산부인과학회 2007 서울심포지움 Vol.12 No.-
Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic (LSC) staging of ovarian or fallopian tube cancers to staging via laparotomy (LAP) for epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). Study Design: We performed a case-control study of all patients (pts) with apparent stage I adnexal cancers who had LSC staging from 10/00-3/03. The control group consisted of all pts with apparent stage I EOC who had staging via LAP during the same time period. Results: Staging was LSC in 20 pts and via LAP in 30.There were no differences in mean age and body mass index. There were also no differences in omental specimen size and number of lymph nodes removed. Estimated blood loss and hospital stay were lower for LSC, while operating time was longer. There were no conversions to LAP or complications in the LSC group compared with 3 minor complications in the LAP group. Conclusion: In this preliminary analysis, it appears that pts with apparent stage I ovarian or fallopian tube cancer can safely and adequately undergo LSC surgical staging.
Lee, Jung Hwa,Hyung, Seok-Won,Mun, Dong-Gi,Jung, Hee-Jung,Kim, Hokeun,Lee, Hangyeore,Kim, Su-Jin,Park, Kyong Soo,Moore, Ronald J.,Smith, Richard D.,Lee, Sang-Won American Chemical Society 2012 Journal of proteome research Vol.11 No.8
<P>A multifunctional liquid chromatography system that performs 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional (strong cation exchange/reverse phase liquid chromatography or SCX/RPLC) separations and online phosphopeptide enrichment using a single binary nanoflow pump has been developed. With a simple operation of a function selection valve equipped with a SCX column and a TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (titanium dioxide) column, a fully automated selection of three different experiment modes was achieved. Because the current system uses essentially the same solvent flow paths, the same trap column, and the same separation column for reverse-phase separation of 1D, 2D, and online phosphopeptides enrichment experiments, the elution time information obtained from these experiments is in excellent agreement, which facilitates correlating peptide information from different experiments. The final reverse-phase separation of the three experiments is completely decoupled from all of the function selection processes; thereby salts or acids from SCX or TiO<SUB>2</SUB> column do not affect the efficiency of the reverse-phase separation.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jprobs/2012/jprobs.2012.11.issue-8/pr3004166/production/images/medium/pr-2012-004166_0001.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/pr3004166'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Comprehensive and Integrative Genomic Characterization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Ally, Adrian,Balasundaram, Miruna,Carlsen, Rebecca,Chuah, Eric,Clarke, Amanda,Dhalla, Noreen,Holt, Robert A.,Jones, Steven J.M.,Lee, Darlene,Ma, Yussanne,Marra, Marco A.,Mayo, Michael,Moore, Richard A Elsevier 2017 Cell Vol.169 No.7
<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>Liver cancer has the second highest worldwide cancer mortality rate and has limited therapeutic options. We analyzed 363 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases by whole-exome sequencing and DNA copy number analyses, and we analyzed 196 HCC cases by DNA methylation, RNA, miRNA, and proteomic expression also. DNA sequencing and mutation analysis identified significantly mutated genes, including <I>LZTR1</I>, <I>EEF1A1</I>, <I>SF3B1</I>, and <I>SMARCA4</I>. Significant alterations by mutation or downregulation by hypermethylation in genes likely to result in HCC metabolic reprogramming (<I>ALB</I>, <I>APOB</I>, and <I>CPS1</I>) were observed. Integrative molecular HCC subtyping incorporating unsupervised clustering of five data platforms identified three subtypes, one of which was associated with poorer prognosis in three HCC cohorts. Integrated analyses enabled development of a p53 target gene expression signature correlating with poor survival. Potential therapeutic targets for which inhibitors exist include WNT signaling, MDM4, MET, VEGFA, MCL1, IDH1, TERT, and immune checkpoint proteins CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Analysis of hepatocellular carcinomas integrates data of multiple genomic platforms </LI> <LI> Mutated genes reveal oncogenic processes altering hepatocyte energy balance </LI> <LI> Multiplex analyses suggest a key role for Sonic hedgehog signaling in HCC </LI> <LI> IDH mutations point to a HCC subgroup molecularly similar to cholangiocarcinoma </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>