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Antiviral activity of Alpinia katsumadai extracts against rotaviruses
Kim, H.H.,Kwon, H.J.,Ryu, Y.B.,Chang, J.S.,Cho, K.O.,Hosmillo, M.D.T.,Rho, M.C.,Park, S.J.,Lee, W.S. British Veterinary Association [etc] ; W.B. Saunde 2012 Research in veterinary science Vol.92 No.2
In vitro anti-rotavirus activity of Alpinia katsumadai (AK) extracts were evaluated against bovine G8P[7] and porcine G5P[7] rotaviruses in two different assay strategies, a mixed treatment assay and a post treatment assay. In the mixed treatment assay, six AK extracts [AK-1 (EtOH extract), AK-3 (H<SUB>2</SUB>O layer), AK-5 (40% methanol fraction), and AK-9-11 (H<SUB>2</SUB>O extract, polysaccharide fraction, supernatant fraction)] exhibited inhibitory activities against G5P[7] rotavirus with the EC<SUB>50</SUB> values ranging from 0.7+/-0.4 to 33.7+/-6.5μg/mL. Extracts AK-1, AK-3, and AK-5 inhibited rotavirus infection against G8P[7] rotavirus, the with EC<SUB>50</SUB> values of 8.4+/-2.2μg/mL, 6.5+/-0.8μg/mL and 8.4+/-5.0μg/mL, respectively. By hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay, six AK extracts completely inhibited viral adsorption onto human RBCs in both strains of rotaviruses at less than 11μg/mL. However, in the post treatment assay, there was no anti activity shown against both strains of rotaviruses. As a result, six AK extracts were attributed mainly to having a strong interaction with hemagglutinin protein on the outer surface of rotavirus, resulting to blockage of viral adsorption.
Development of Bovine Embryos Produced by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
Ock, S.A.,Kwack, D.O.,Cho, S.R.,Cho, S.K.,Yeao, E.H.,Yoo, J.G.,Lee, Y.R.,Lee, H.J.,Choe, S.Y.,Rho, G.J. 韓國受精卵移植學會 2002 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.17 No.1
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) has been widely used fur both human infertility and basic research. However, the high incidence of chromosomal abnormality is severe problem in cattle. Various oocyte activation stimuli, therefore, were compared by assessment of developmental capacity and chromosome analysis. Motile sperm selected by Percoll-density gradient were treated with 5 mM dithiothreitol (DTT) and injected into an oocyte matured fur 24 h. Eggs were then allocated into 5 treatment groups. Group 1 (control), sperm injection was performed without any further activation stimuli to the oocytes. Group 2 (handled control), sham injection was performed without sperm. In Group 3, oocytes exposed to 5 (M ionomycin for 5 min at 39(C. Group 4. ionomycine + 1.9 mM demethylaminopurine (DMAP, 3 h) and Group 5, ionomycine + 3 h culture in Ml99 + DMAP. Cleavage and the later development rate in Groups 1, 2 and 3 were significantly (P<0.05) lower than those in Groups 4 and 5. The incidence of chromosomal abnormality in the embryos treated directly with DMAP after ionomycine was relatively higher than in the embryo of Group 3 h, delayed DMAP treatment. From this results DMAP caused to be arrested the release of the 2nd polar body, resulting in changes of chromosomal pattern. Therefore, the time interval between ionomycin and DMAP is a crucial role in bovine ICSI.
노은호,이억섭 한국비파괴검사학회 1990 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.10 No.1
It is well-known that the defects(existing in structures) and the material degradation(caused by the fatigue load) generally initiate the failure of structures. The NDE such as ultrasonic technique which can be used to detect the size and the orientation of defects has been utilized to estimate the life and stability of structures. However, only few experimental reports made by using the ultrasonic technique have been published for the case of fatigue estimation of materials and structures. The purpose of this study is, thus, to derive the relationship between ultrasonic attenuation and fatigue behavior of Polycarbonate and PMMA through ultrasonic characterization. It is also attempted to offer NDE experimental procedure which may be useful to predict fatigue life.
스파타가공법을 이용한 스트레인 게이지의 개발 및 특성에 관한 연구
한응교,노병옥,이명호 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1989 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.9 No.2
The control of resistance of foil strain gauge is accomplished by means of etching technique. Thus, there is an irregularity in metal foil. In order to solve this problem, ion sputter machining method has been used to make strain gauge in this study and the characteristics of this strain gauge are investigated. As the result of this study, it was possible to make a flexible strain gauge which can be used to measure the stress. The strain gauge made by authors shows superior characteristics in creep, 0 point variance, hysterisis and nonlinearity by surrounding temperature.
Rho, S.,Kim, H.,Shim, S.H.,Lee, S.Y.,Kim, M.J.,Yang, B.G.,Jang, M.H.,Han, B.W.,Song, M.K.,Czerkinsky, C.,Kim, J.O. Elsevier Science 2017 IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS Vol.190 No.-
Oral vaccine responsiveness is often lower in children from less developed countries. Childhood malnutrition may be associated with poor immune response to oral vaccines. The present study was designed to investigate whether protein energy malnutrition (PEM) impairs B cell immunity and ultimately reduces oral vaccine efficacy in a mouse model. Purified isocaloric diets containing low protein (1/10 the protein of the control diet) were used to determine the effect of PEM. PEM increased both nonspecific total IgA and oral antigen-specific IgA in serum without alteration of gut permeability. However, PEM decreased oral antigen-specific IgA in feces, which is consistent with decreased expression of polymeric Immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) in the small intestine. Of note, polymeric IgA was predominant in serum under PEM. In addition, PEM altered B cell development status in the bone marrow and increased the frequency of IgA-secreting B cells, as well as IgA secretion by long-lived plasma cells in the small intestinal lamina propria. Moreover, PEM reduced the protective efficacy of the mucosally administered cholera vaccine and recombinant attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium vaccine in a mouse model. Our results suggest that PEM can impair mucosal immunity where IgA plays an important role in host protection and may partly explain the reduced efficacy of oral vaccines in malnourished subjects.