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        Adverse effects of subchronic exposure to cooking oil fumes on the gonads and the GPR30‑mediated signaling pathway in female rats

        Xiaoyang Zhang,Yonghua He,Quanhui Lin,Lili Huang,Qunwei Zhang,Youqiong Xu 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.1

        Background Cooking oil fumes (COFs) are composed of particulate matter, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, aldehydes, and ketones, and are currently a global health concern. Some agents in COFs are mutagenic and carcinogenic. However, only a few reports have addressed the hazardous effects of COF exposure on the female reproductive system. In this study, we explored the effects of subchronic exposure to COFs on female gonads in vivo and the possible involvement of the G-protein-coupled receptor 30 signaling pathway. Methods COFs were generated by heating commercially available canola oil in an iron pot. Adult female Wistar rats at 2 months of age were exposed to COFs at 32 mg/m3 for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 h/day for 56 days. The estrous cycle in rats was studied twice at 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. on the 43rd treatment day until the current estrous cycle was complete. The rat body weight was measured before the experiment and at day 56 post-exposure. At the end of the experiment, rat blood was collected for gonadal hormone assay, and ovaries were collected for histology and mRNA isolation. The mRNA levels of GPR30, EGFR, STAT3, and ERK were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Results At a concentration of 32.21 ± 5.11 mg/m3, COF exposure extended the estrous cycle in rats, and ovary coefficient decreased. COFs showed various effects on the sex hormone levels and follicles, depending on its exposure level. Exposure to COFs led to the changes in mRNA levels of the G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Conclusion This study indicated that cooking oil fume exposure disrupted the estrous cycle, sex hormone patterns, and follicle development in female rats in a dose-dependent manner. These adverse effects of cooking oil fumes on female reproductive health were correlated with the G-protein-coupled receptor 30-mediated signaling pathway.

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        Study on dynamic characteristics of the bladder fluid pulsation attenuator based on dynamic mesh technology

        Qunwei Zhu,Yongxiang Zhang,Danchen Zhu 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.3

        Fluid-flow and pressure fluctuation are main causes of vibration and noise in liquid-conveying pipeline. As a crucial auxiliary component of liquid-conveying pipeline, the bladder pressure fluctuation attenuator plays an important role in absorbing fluctuations. According to the working condition, reasonable selection of attenuator parameters can give full play to the maximum efficiency of the attenuator so as to reduce pressure fluctuation of the pipeline. Based on the stress model of the attenuator, the mathematical and simulation models of the attenuation device are established by suitable hypothesis and simplification, and based on the calculation and physical models provided by FLUENT software, the movement of bladder was simulated by dynamic mesh and UDF (user-defined function). The absorption effect of attenuator on pipeline pressure fluctuation was investigated under different inflating pressures and frequencies. The results show that reasonable selection of initial pressure of the attenuator can effectively reduce the pressure fluctuation of pipeline fluid. Compared with the theoretical analysis results, the simulation results are more close to the experimental results, and the validity of the simulation model is verified, and a method and new idea are provided for the future study of the parameters of the bladder pressure fluctuation attenuator.

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        Adaptive combined HOEO based fault feature extraction method for rolling element bearing under variable speed condition

        Danchen Zhu,Yongxiang Zhang,Shuyong Liu,Qunwei Zhu 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.10

        It is still a challenge for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis for rolling element bearings working under variable speed, while some conventional diagnostic methods are useless. Order tracking is commonly used as an effective tool of the non-stationary vibration analysis for rotating machinery and tacho-less order tracking may be more applicable for practical situations, while the key point is to obtain more accurate instantaneous rotating speed. What’s more, the collected bearing fault vibration signals always contain strong background noise that greatly affects the result of fault feature extraction. To solve these problems, a fault feature extraction method is proposed in this study. The Chirplet-based approach was used to estimate some obvious harmonics of instantaneous rotating speed and the average value of these components was regarded as the final instantaneous rotating speed to reduce the estimation error. Since the higher order energy operator (HOEO) can not only improve the signal-to-noise ratio and signal-to-interference ratio, but is also easily applied, an adaptive combined HOEO method based on hybrid particle swarm optimizer with sine cosine acceleration coefficients (H-PSO-SCAC) was constructed to enhance the impulse components, and then, the fault features were extracted by the order spectrum analysis. Simulation and experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm is effective for rolling element bearings’ fault diagnosis under variable speed condition.

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